Differences in psychoactive substances use disorders between immigrants and autochthonous: a transcultural descriptive study.

Author(s):  
Amira Trabsa
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rafael González-López ◽  
María de los Ángeles Rodríguez-Gázquez ◽  
María de las Mercedes Lomas-Campos

To estimate the prevalence of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug consumption (through the self-report) in adult Latin-American immigrants of Seville, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a representative sample of 190 immigrants. The results showed that 61.4% of the participants had consumed alcohol in previous month before data collection, although 13.2% of them were at risk of alcoholism. Moreover, 30.0% were smokers. In addition, 5.3% of the interviewed people had consumed illicit psychoactive substances in the previous six months (Marihuana: 3.7%, hashish: 1.1% and cocaine: 0.5%). For all substances under analysis, the consumption prevalence was much higher in men from 25 to 39 years of age. In conclusion, prevalence levels of this consumption were high among the studied immigrants. Nurses could train the population in the prevention of these risk behaviors through preventive practices.


2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
Jessica Adrielle Teixeira Santos ◽  
Ludmila Gonçalves Perruci ◽  
Natália Priolli Jora Pegoraro ◽  
Zeyne Alves Pires Scherer ◽  
Jacqueline de Souza ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize the sociodemographic and psychiatric profile of women users of psychoactive substances in treatment for drug addiction. Method: descriptive study of quantitative approach performed with women attended at a Psychosocial Care Center for Users of Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAPS ad) from the interior of São Paulo State. Results: the sample consisted of 349 adult women, single, low educational level and unemployed, users of alcohol, cocaine, crack and tranquillizers. Among the consequences of use include withdrawal syndrome, overdose, depressive and suicidal symptoms. Most were referred for treatment by the family or health services. Almost 20% of these women had previously started treatments. Conclusion: The results suggest marked morbidity and high levels of psychosocial vulnerability, which require thorough investigation at the patient’s admission, as well as damage associated with use, withdrawal symptoms and depressive symptoms.


2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (spe) ◽  
pp. 584-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Camila Matute ◽  
Sandra Cristina Pillon

The recreational use of alcohol is very frequent in the life of college students. A descriptive study was carried out with nursing students in Honduras, where the use of psychoactive substances represents a considerable health problem, especially the use of alcohol. This study identified that 74.9% were abstinent. Nevertheless, the study focused on drinkers, whose consumption pattern may be changing over time. According to the sample characteristics, most subjects were young working women, students, and Christians. These variables should be considered in the investigation of protective factors against drinking, and in designing preventive actions in the university context.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa Hithomi Takahara ◽  
Sueli Aparecida Frari Galera ◽  
Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti ◽  
Angélica Martins de Souza Gonçalves ◽  
Simone Terezinha Protti-Zanatta ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective: To apprehend the experience of grandmothers who take care of their grandchildren who consume psychoactive substances. Methods: A descriptive study with a qualitative approach conducted with five grandmothers of two health services in a city in the interior of São Paulo. Data have collected from July 2015 to May 2016, through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the technique of thematic content analysis. Results: The grandmothers recognized that their grandchildren used drugs when they changed their behavior, which required them to take on the role of counselor and educator. The aging process and financial difficulty consisted in limits to care. Conclusion and implications for practice: The grandmothers suffered psychosocial, structural, and organizational impacts, requiring nurses to enhance their facilitator skills in relational processes between two distinct generations of age and values.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Victor Lira Dourado ◽  
Lidyane Parente Arruda ◽  
Antonio Rodrigues Ferreira Júnior ◽  
Francisca Alanny Rocha Aguiar

Objetivo: descrever as definições, os critérios e indicadores da adolescência. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com consulta em bases de dados, arquivos impressos e sites, analisando-se as informações em torno das dimensões teóricas e analíticas da adolescência. Resultados: sabe-se que a adolescência é uma etapa da vida de transição entre a infância e a adultícia com transformações nos aspectos biológicos, psicológicos e sociais. Têm-se diferentes critérios cronológicos para a identificação de parâmetros em investigação e elaboração de políticas, programas e serviços. Apresentam-se, na sociedade, concepções que se associam à noção de crise, desordem, irresponsabilidade. Mostram-se, de modo geral, algumas situações prevalentes para a discussão sobre tal: gravidez, Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, substâncias psicoativas e violência. Conclusão: reconhece-se a adolescência ainda como um período da vida que se delimita aos aspectos biopsicológicos e/ou aos critérios cronológicos, desconsiderando outros elementos que são importantes para assegurar os adolescentes enquanto sujeitos sociais com múltiplas dimensões. Descritores: Adolescente; Atenção à Saúde; Desenvolvimento Humano; Política Pública; Promoção da Saúde; Enfermagem. AbstractObjective: to describe the definitions, criteria and indicators of adolescence. Method: it is a descriptive study, with consultation in databases, printed files and websites, analyzing the information around the theoretical and analytical dimensions of adolescence. Results: it is known that adolescence is a stage of life in transition between childhood and adulthood with changes in biological, psychological and social aspects. There are different chronological criteria for the identification of parameters in research and the elaboration of policies, programs and services. Conceptions are presented, in society, associated with the notion of crisis, disorder, irresponsibility. In general, some prevalent situations are shown for the discussion on such: pregnancy, Sexually Transmitted Infections, psychoactive substances and violence. Conclusion: adolescence is still recognized as a period of life that is limited to biopsychological aspects and / or chronological criteria, disregarding other elements that are important to ensure adolescents as social subjects with multiple dimensions. Descriptors: Adolescent; Health Care; Human Development; Public Policy; Health Promotion; Nursing.ResumenObjetivo: describir las definiciones, criterios e indicadores de la adolescencia. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, con consulta en bases de datos, archivos impresos y sitios web, que analiza la información sobre las dimensiones teóricas y analíticas de la adolescencia. Resultados: se sabe que la adolescencia es una etapa de la vida de transición entre la infancia y la edad adulta con cambios en los aspectos biológicos, psicológicos y sociales. Existen diferentes criterios cronológicos para la identificación de parámetros en la investigación y la elaboración de políticas, programas y servicios. Se presentan conceptos en la sociedad que están asociados con la noción de crisis, desorden, irresponsabilidad. En general, se muestran algunas situaciones prevalentes para la discusión sobre: embarazo, infecciones de transmisión sexual, sustancias psicoactivas y violencia. Conclusión: la adolescencia todavía se reconoce como un período de la vida que se limita a los aspectos biopsicológicos y / o criterios cronológicos, sin tener en cuenta otros elementos que son importantes para asegurar a los adolescentes como sujetos sociales con múltiples dimensiones. Descriptores: Adolescente; Atención a la Salud; Desarrollo Humano; Política Pública; Promoción de la Salud; Enfermería.


2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s880-s880
Author(s):  
A. Trabsa ◽  
E. Monteagudo ◽  
D.D. Mariona ◽  
M. Grifell ◽  
L. Galindo ◽  
...  

IntroductionAlthough psychoactive substances has a long history in recreational settings, research on its composition has focused only on tablets, crystal and powder, even though new formulation for new psychoactive substances are readily available for users.ObjectivesTo describe the presence of psychoactive substances and its characteristics in new formulations which had not previously been found in samples delivered to Energy Control from 2014 to 2015 in Spain.MethodsA total of 8324 samples were analysed from June 2014 to December 2015. Only those samples in gummy formulation were studied (n = 9). Samples were analyzed by energy control, a Spanish harm-reduction NGO that offers analysis of substances to users. Analysis was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.ResultsFrom 9 samples of psychoactive substances in gummy formulation, the analysis detected that 55.5% contained multiple psychoactive substances: 6 samples contained 25N-NBOMe (66.7%), 1 2C-E (11.1%), 1 2C-D (11.1%). Two allylescaline (20%), 1 cocaine (11.1%), 1 THC (11.1%), 1 canabinol (11.1%), 1 ketamine (11.1%), 1 caffeine (11.1%), 1 MDMA (11.1%), 1 N-acetyl-MDMA (11.1%), 1 metoxetamine (11.1%), 1 N-acetyl-MDMA), 1 2C-N (11.1%). The only substance found in active dosage was 25N-NBOMe. Six samples (66.67%) did not contain the substance expected by the consumer.DiscussionIncipient presence of gummies as new psychoactive formulation was found. The most prevalent drug was 25N-NBOMe; 66.7% did not contain the substance expected. This may pose a risk for potential harmful effects. All the gummies were known to be drug-carriers when bought. This could represent the presence of new formulations from June 2014 in the Spanish recreational market.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.


2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura W. Plexico ◽  
Julie E. Cleary ◽  
Ashlynn McAlpine ◽  
Allison M. Plumb

This descriptive study evaluates the speech disfluencies of 8 verbal children between 3 and 5 years of age with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Speech samples were collected for each child during standardized interactions. Percentage and types of disfluencies observed during speech samples are discussed. Although they did not have a clinical diagnosis of stuttering, all of the young children with ASD in this study produced disfluencies. In addition to stuttering-like disfluencies and other typical disfluencies, the children with ASD also produced atypical disfluencies, which usually are not observed in children with typically developing speech or developmental stuttering. (Yairi & Ambrose, 2005).


2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-159
Author(s):  
J GUILLAMONT ◽  
A SOLE ◽  
S GONZALEZ ◽  
A PEREZITURRIAGA ◽  
C DAVILA ◽  
...  

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