Discussions about the Source and Universality of Moral Case

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Fatih Ufuk Bağcı
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
New Era ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Moral Case ◽  
Ancient Times

The relevant meaning of moral has been constantly discussed topic in terms its sources and its universality. We have seen as the source of morality the Metaphysics in ancient times, Theology in the Middle Ages, and the information theory in new era. In modern times, we have different perspectives for the source of the formation of morality determined by good or bad reasons as a result depending on the individuals. Statements related to the source of moral and what forms the moral can be said in two words: one of them is human itself, and the other is the thought of existing love. On the other hand, it has been a subject for discussion if the moral is always valid, over the ages, objective and universal or something subjective that changes depending on individuals and also because of different societies. Therefore, who accepts moral as objective and universal, it is a propensity that comes from birth, but who thinks that moral is a subjective definition that changes lives depending on the society and during the period of time particular people live. In this study, we referred to the related debates about the issues and serious changes of technology and science which have brought to our lives but along with misuse of these facilities, such as the reality of violence against women, terrorism, human rights violations, But how about the meaning of moral, and its possible sources. If there is still a universal meaning of moral in this world that looks like now like a small village.

Les héritages chrétiens: quel avenir?

Moreana ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (Number 176) (1) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Bernard Bourdin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Politics And Religion

The legacy from Christianity unquestionably lies at the root of Europe, even if not exclusively. It has taken many aspects from the Middle Ages to modern times. If the Christian heritage is diversely understood and accepted within the European Union, the reason is essentially due to its political and religious significance. However, its impact in politics and religion has often been far from negative, if we will consider what secular societies have derived from Christianity: human rights, for example, and a religious affiliation which has been part and parcel of national identity. The Christian legacy has to be acknowledged through a critical analysis which does not deny the truth of the past but should support a European project built around common values.

ISLAMIC COINS FROM EASTERN GIZA (EGYPT)

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Goncharov ◽  
◽  
S. E. Malykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Ancient Rock ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article focuses on the attribution of one gold and two copper coins discovered by the Russian Archaeological Mission of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS in the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Giza. Coins come from mixed fillings of the burial shafts of the Ancient Egyptian rock-cut tombs of the second half of the 3rd millennium B.C. According to the archaeological context, the coins belong to the stages of the destruction of ancient burials that took place during the Middle Ages and Modern times. One of the coins is a Mamluk fals dating back to the first half of the 14th century A.D., the other two belong to the 1830s — the Ottoman period in Egypt, and are attributed as gold a buchuk hayriye and its copper imitation. Coins are rare for the ancient necropolis and are mainly limited to specimens of the 19th–20th centuries. In general, taking into account the numerous finds of other objects — fragments of ceramic, porcelain and glass utensils, metal ware, glass and copper decorations, we can talk about the dynamic nature of human activity in the ancient Egyptian cemetery in the 2nd millennium A.D. Egyptians and European travelers used the ancient rock-cut tombs as permanent habitats or temporary sites, leaving material traces of their stay.

WESTERN NOMADIC DISCOURSE AND THE DISCOVERY OF THE OTHER

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-252
Author(s):  
Brahim BOUKHALFA
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Travel Literature ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries

The yearning for a journey towards the places of strangers, the longing to mingle with them and immerse themselves in their lives, and to record everything that is strange and wondrous about their lifestyle, their ways of thinking, their customs and traditions, that is the nature that characterizes man, since ancient times. The lives of the prophets, may blessings and peace be upon them, were frenetic migrations, and a constant movement, length and breadth, in search of a place of intimacy, a comfortable life, and a bright truth. Western poets, writers, philosophers and travelers have also been fond of the journey to the Naked and Islamic East, from the Middle Ages to the present day; The desire to get to know the Easterners closely, to mix with them, and then to dominate them, was evident in the so-called travel literature. It is the writing emanating from the experiences of travelers in the eastern "One Thousand and One Nights". However, these travelers have always hidden the true intentions that drove them on the journey, which, as we will present in the body of this study, are colonial motives deposited in the political consciousness of Western governments that stand behind the colonial phenomenon. It is from this perspective in the research that urgent questions come to the surface, which we are trying to answer. What are the real motives for the trip for Western writers in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries? What is their relationship with the Western governments that were colonizing large areas of the Arab countries? What are the representations of Arabs and Muslims in so-called travel literature? The answer to these questions is to reveal to us the colonial nature of the modern West, and the extent of its contempt for non-Westerners, which is supported by myths of racial superiority and self-centeredness in that. It is a belief that has not been affected by the tremendous development in the field of human sciences that our time has witnesse

Art. XIX.—An old Hebrew Romance of Alexander

1897 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-549
Author(s):  
M. Gaster
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
The Real ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bibliographical Information ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Great Mass

More marvellous and more remarkable than the real conquests of Alexander are the stories circulated about him, and the legends which have clustered round his name and his exploits. The history of Alexander has, from a very early period, been embellished with legends and tales. They spread from nation to nation during the whole of the ancient times, and all through the Middle Ages. Many scholars have followed up the course of this dissemination of the fabulous history of Alexander. It would, therefore, be idle repetition of work admirably done by men like Zacher, Wesselofsky, Budge, and others, should I attempt it here. All interested in the legend of Alexander are familiar with those works, where also the fullest bibliographical information is to be found. I am concerned here with what may have appeared to some of these students as the bye-paths of the legend, and which, to my mind, has not received that attention which is due to it, from more than one point of view. Hitherto the histories of Alexander were divided into two categories; the first were those writings which pretended to give a true historical description of his life and adventures, to the exclusion of fabulous matter; the other included all those fabulous histories in which the true elements were smothered under a great mass of legendary matter, the chief representative of this class being the work ascribed to a certain Callisthenes. The study of the legend centred in the study of the vicissitudes to which this work of (Pseudo-) Callisthenes had been exposed, in the course of its dissemination from the East, probably from its native country, Egypt, to the countries of the West.

scholarly journals Early Slavic housing from Belz surroundings

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 224-234
Author(s):  
Taras Mylian
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Other ◽  
Compacted Clay ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Big City ◽  
Conservation Research ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Middle Ages

Territory of the upper reaches of Western Bug River, especially the annalistic of Belz in Solokiya and its surroundings, is rich in archeological sites. In 2016, as part of the Program «Protection and Preservation of the Cultural Heritage of the Lviv Region for 2016–2018», conservation research was conducted at the settlement Belz 22 (Hora). It is a multi-layered settlement with cultural and chronological horizons from the final Paleolithic to modern times. Information and research on it were conducted with advantages during XX century however, for the first time in the settlement; remains of a Slavic dwelling-semi-dugout (object 20) of the Prague culture were discovered and studied. Research has shown that dwelling had two periods of functioning. Traces of restructuring were confirmed, which led to a reduction of the area and changing of the shape – from rectangular to square. Evidence of the reconstruction was the remains of two clay ovens, the oldest of which was partially cut down by a later wall. Under the remains of this wall above the furnace a Roman denarius of the II century was found. Ovens are built on special sites made of compacted clay. The older oven has a dome lined with special rollers. Discovered material is represented mainly by handmade ceramic pots, some of them are reconstructed. Some of the forms of utensils were common during the late V – early VI centuries, and the other part – during the second half of VI – early VII century. This division corresponded to the periods of housing. An important find was the weights for the loom, which were reused to build the oven. An additional evidence of the development of weaving in the settlement is a bi-conical spinner with flat platforms, which comes from dwelling. The settlement on the outskirts of the annalistic Belz is characterized by permanence and genetic connection throughout the Middle Ages – from individual Slavic settlements in this region to the creation of a separate principality around the big city. Key words: Prague culture, Belz, Solokiya, dwelling, oven, ceramics, denarius.

scholarly journals LARANGAN PERNIKAHAN BEDA AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF SYAD ZARI’AH IMAM AL-SYATIBI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zainuddin Sunarto
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Application Form ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
The Road

Social relations in modern times is now very universal, without limitation of religion, race, and class, then it allows two people of different religions into love, affection, and was about to enter into marriage. On the other hand, freedom of religion in Indonesia is guaranteed in the Constitution and protected in points on human rights. In Islamic law known several methods in the determination of a law one of which is Syad Zari’ah, is defined as preventive measures to avoid the ugliness. Imam al-Syatibi, One philosopher of Islamic law has its own ideas about these methods. In Usul al-Fiqh Study, Syad Zari’ah interpreted as closing the road that leads to destruction. Imam al-Syatibi at defining about Syad Zari’ah “do a job which all contain kindness changed to an ugliness”. someone doing a job that basically allowed because it contains a kindness, but the objectives to be achieved end on an ugliness. haram law in this case not because of his own actions, but the law forbidden here because the objectives to be achieved from such actions. this is called the practice of Syad Zari’ah. This method is deemed the application form from the rules of fiqh “dar’u al-mafasid muqaddamun ‘ala jalbi al-masalih”. From the other side, haram law here is also based of maqasid syari’ah in keeping religion in order to avoid switching to another religion

scholarly journals PROBLEMATIKA INDEPENDENSI KOMISI KEBENARAN DAN REKONSILIASI ACEH

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahlul Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Free Aceh Movement ◽  
Election Commission

ABSTRACTAfter signing the MoU between the Indonesian government and the Free Aceh Movement, a lot of interesting dynamics going on in Aceh, which is the Qanun KKR Aceh. As an independent agency, the Aceh TRC duty to disclose the truth on the alleged past human rights violations in Aceh. This paper examines the nature of the independence of Aceh TRC is based on theoretical characteristics of an independent institution. Based on the results of the study found that the Aceh TRC has a number of independent properties include: an odd number of members, the independent election commission members, the election and dismissal of members of the commission are closely regulated and has the authority to regulate themselves (self-regulated bodies). However, on the other hand also found two other things that escape is set regarding the nature of the independence of Aceh TRC is concerning institutional decision-making procedures and functions of the commission as well as regarding filling positions that are not members of the commission be gradual (staggered terms) but simultaneously. Keywords: Independency, Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi Aceh. INTISARIPasca penandatanganan MoU Helsinki antara Pemerintah Indonesia dengan GerakanAceh Merdeka, banyak dinamika menarik yang terjadi di Aceh, salah satunyaadalah pengesahan Qanun KKR Aceh. Sebagai lembaga independen, KKR Aceh bertugas mengungkap kebenaran atas dugaan pelanggaran HAM berat masa lalu di Aceh. Tulisan ini berusaha mengkaji sifat independensi KKR Aceh berdasarkan ciri teroritik suatu lembaga independen. Berdasarkan hasil kajian ditemukan bahwa KKR Aceh memiliki sejumlah sifat independenmeliputi: jumlah anggota yang ganjil, proses pemilihan anggota komisi yang independen, pemilihan dan pemberhentian anggota komisi diatur jelas serta memiliki kewenangan untuk mengatur dirinya sendiri (self regulated bodies). Namun, di sisi lain juga ditemukan dua hal lain yang luput diatur berkenaan sifat independensi KKR Aceh, yaitu menyangkut prosedur pengambilan keputusan kelembagaan dan fungsi komisi serta perihal pengisian jabatan anggota komisi yang tidak dilakukan secara bertahap(staggered terms) melainkan bersamaan. Kata Kunci: Independensi, Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi Aceh.

5 Judgments and Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nussberger Angelika
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Daily News ◽  
European Court ◽  
General Rules ◽  
The One

This chapter evaluates the efficacy of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). On the one hand, the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) system has had an amazing success in building up a constitutional order in Europe defining common values. Significant changes in the laws of all Member States were made; individual human rights violations were effectively remedied. On the other hand, Europe is far from being a human rights paradise. Even an average observer of daily news cannot avoid having the impression that in some States even the most basic human rights are not effectively guaranteed and that some so-called ‘democracies’ hide their disdain for individual rights behind lip services and promises to abide by the Convention, but in reality use membership in the Council of Europe only as a tool in foreign relations. The chapter then identifies the roles played by the Committee of Ministers, NGOs, and the Court in executing judgments on human rights violations. Article 46 para 1 ECHR obliges the parties to abide by the final judgment of the Court in any case to which they are parties. In line with the general rules of State responsibility, the Court interprets the obligations arising out of Convention violations as threefold: ‘to cease the breach, to make reparation for it and ensure non-repetition of similar violations in the future’.

5. Human Rights in Comparative Politics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Cardenas
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
International Linkages ◽  
Domestic Level

This chapter examines the importance of comparative politics for understanding human rights practices. Comparative politics has advanced our knowledge of why states sometimes violate internationally recognized human rights. Both domestic incentives and exclusionary ideologies increase the likelihood of rights violations. On the other hand, comparative politics has attempted to explain human rights protection, showing how domestic structures (both societal groups and state institutions) can influence reform efforts. This chapter first consider alternative logics of comparison, including the merits of comparing a small versus a large number of cases and human rights within or across regions. It then explores the leading domestic-level explanations for why human rights violations occur. It also describes the use of domestic–international linkages to explain otherwise perplexing human rights outcomes. Finally, it analyses the ways in which, in the context of globalization, comparative politics shapes human rights practices.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document