scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHROMOSOMAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ORCHID Peristylus goodyeroides Lindl. FROM CURUG SETAWING, KULONPROGO

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Febri Yuda Kurniawan ◽  
Anindita Della Rosa Riyadi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Chromosome Configuration ◽  
Telocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Leaf Arrangement ◽  
Karyotype Formula

Peristylus goodyeroides is a terestrial orchid that scattered around Southeast Asia. Morphological characters of P. goodyeroides can vary, depending on the ecological factors and habitat. Cytological characters in the form of chromosome configurations can be used as a taxonomic tool for the process of identifying and understanding variations in taxa. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological characters and chromosome configuration of the P. goodyeroides from Curug Setawing, Kulonprogo. The method used was morphological characterization and plant chromosome preparation by squash method with the main steps of fixation, maceration, staining and observation. Data were analyzed with the help of Image raster 3, Corel Draw X7, and Microsoft Excel 2013. P. goodyeroides from Curug Setawing has the morphological characters of root tubers, cylindrical stems, ovate leaf shape, convolutive leaf arrangement and creamy white flowers. The orchid has a number of chromosomes 2n = 10 with a karyotype formula of 2n = 2x = 8m + 2t. Metacentric chromosomes are found on chromosomes 1-8 and telocentric chromosomes 9-10. The absolute arm length of the chromosomes has a range of 2.03-3.44 μm, the relative arm length of the chromosomes is 2.21-3.32 μm, the length of the p arm is 1.13-1.58 μm and the q arm is 1.23-2.12 μm.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Morfologi dan Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Umbi dan Daun Tumbuhan Ginseng (Phytolacca octandra L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Intan Sari ◽  
Henri Henri ◽  
Eka Sari ◽  
Suharyanto Suharyanto
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Ginseng plant (Phytolacca octandra L.) is a wild plant that has the potential to be used as medicine. The morphological characteristics of ginseng plants in Indonesia are different. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research aimed at characterizing the morphology and phytochemical screening of ginseng (P. octandra L.) leaves and tubers. The research was conducted first by observing morphological characters and screening phytochemical compounds such as alkaloid test, flavonoid test, phenol test, tannin test, saponin test, terpenoid test, and steroid test. The results of the research on the morphological characterization of ginseng (P. octandra L.) were: having a taproot which was modified into a tuber, a round, smooth, red color, pointed leaf shape, the base and tip of the leaf were pointed, buni fruit type, round flat, colored blackish-purple when ripe, a compound flower is located at the end of the branch and has flat, round seeds. Ginseng tubers have triterpenoid and saponin compounds, while the leaves only have saponin compounds. The potential development of ginseng (P. octandra L.) is currently limited as traditional medicine by local people. This is due to limited knowledge in its development efforts and unknown phytochemical content.

AKURASI KARAKTERISASI TINGKAT IN SITU TANAMAN UBI JALAR PADA DUA KECAMATAN DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Helen Hetharie ◽  
Simon H T Raharjo ◽  
Gelora H Augustyn ◽  
Marietje Pesireron
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
In Situ Characterization

Morphological characters of above ground plant parts can be used to distinguishsweet potato accessions. The objective of this study was to get a number of diversity of sweet potato accessions based on above ground part morphology and to determine the accuracy of in situ characterization. This study used a survey method in five villages in two sub-districts, namely Inomosol and Huamual Muka, Western Ceram District. The first stage of this study involved in situ characterization, and the second stage involved planting and ex situ morphological characterization of 2-month-old plants which was used sweet potato descriptors. Data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that there were 25 accessions of sweet potato found in Huamual Muka and Inomosol Sub-districts, as distinguished by leaf shape and color, leaf patterns and leaf lobe number, petiole and stem colors, and vine twisting tendency. Verification results of the above ground morphology showed accuracy of ≥80% in 3 phenotypes in leaf lobe pattern, shape of central leaf lobe, linear middle leaves, leaves with 1, 5 and 7 lobes, green abaxial leaf veins, 2 petiole color phenotypes, purplish red stem, and stem additional colors. Meanwhile, the accuracy of characterization of other phenotypes was 0-76%. Keywords: diversity, ex situ, Ipomoea batatas, Maluku, morphology   ABSTRAK Karakter morfologi tajuk ubi jalar dapat digunakan sebagai pembeda antar aksesi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan sejumlah klon ubi jalar yang beragam berdasarkan morfologi tajuk serta ketepatan karakterisasi morfologi pada tingkat in situ. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei di lima desa pada dua kecamatan yaitu kecamatan Inomosol dan Huamual Muka pada Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat, Propinsi Maluku. Tahap pertama dengan mengkarakterisasi morfologi tajuk di kebun petani (in situ), dan tahap kedua penanaman dan karakterisasi ex situ di kebun koleksi pada umur tanaman 2 bulan menggunakan deskriptor ubi jalar. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 25 aksesi ubi jalar di kecamatan Inomosol dan Huamual Muka yang dibedakan berdasarkan bentuk dan warna daun, pola dan jumlah lekuk daun, warna tangkai dan batang, serta sifat membelit. Hasil verifikasi terhadap karakterisasi in situ didapatkan akurasi ≥80% pada 3 fenotip pada pola lekuk daun, daun dengan bentuk bagian tengah linear, daun dengan jumlah cuping 1, 5 dan 7, tulang daun permukaan bawah berwarna hijau, 2 fenotip pada warna tangkai daun, batang berwarna merah keunguan, serta ada warna tambahan pada batang. Sedangkan akurasi karakterisasi pada fenotip lainnya yaitu 0-76%. Kata kunci: ex situ, Ipomoea batatas, keragaman, Maluku, morfologi

scholarly journals Genetic and Morphological Characterization of Colletotrichum acutatum Causing Anthracnose of Lupins

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 986-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Talhinhas ◽  
S. Sreenivasaprasad ◽  
João Neves-Martins ◽  
Helena Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Distinct Subgroup ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Pathogen Diversity ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Arbitrarily Primed Pcr ◽  
Pathogen Diagnosis

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum sp., is a serious problem of lupins (Lupinus spp.) worldwide. Morphological characters and molecular markers were used to characterize 43 Colletotrichum isolates from lupins, 8 isolates from other hosts, and 18 reference isolates representing related Colletotrichum spp., to assess the pathogen diversity and resolve its taxonomy. All lupin Colletotrichum isolates tested positive with C. acutatum-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and did not test positive with C. gloeosporioides-specific PCR. Spore shape and colony diameter as well as insensitivity to benomyl grouped the lupin anthracnose isolates closer to C. acutatum than to C. gloeosporioides. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of 57 Colletotrichum isolates grouped all lupin isolates with C. acutatum and distinct from C. gloeosporioides. Further, tub2 and his4 sequences revealed groups concordant with ITS, reducing the excessive dependence on the latter. Arbitrarily primed-PCR and amplified fragment length polymorphism analyses revealed intraspecific subgroups, but neither was useful to decipher species level relationships. ITS, tub2, and his4 results strongly support designating lupin anthracnose pathogen as C. acutatum or its subspecies. Most Colletotrichum isolates from lupins from worldwide locations are genetically homogeneous and form a distinct subgroup within C. acutatum. Present results also underline the potential of the C. acutatum-specific PCR for routine pathogen diagnosis.

scholarly journals Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) Characterization of Neolamarckia Cadamba Genetic Resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-275
Author(s):  
R. Thirunirai Selvan ◽  
K. T. Parthiban ◽  
B. Palanikumaran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Bark Texture

Neolamarckia cadamba (Kadam) genetic resources were characterised Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) traits based on International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants12 guidelines. Twenty-five clones of kadam were characterised based on the morphological characters of leaf and bark with 12 descriptors. Among these 12 descriptors, 9 were qualitative traits viz., leaf shape, Leaf base shape, apex shape, leaf margin, leaf venation, base symmetry, Waxiness in upper side of leaf, bark colour and bark texture and 3 were quantitative characters viz., leaf length, leaf breath, leaf petiole length. The study exhibited significant variations among the genetic resources investigated for various DUS traits, which could act as reference traits for developing variety to protect the genetic resources through Intellectual Property Rights.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of Conyza blakei, Conyza bonariensis var. bonariensis, Conyza sumatrensis var. sumatrensis and Conyza lorentzii in the southeast of Buenos Aires (Argentine).

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-373
Author(s):  
Patricia Diez De Ulzurrun ◽  
María B. Acedo ◽  
María E. Garavano ◽  
Valeria Gianelli ◽  
Verónica N. Ispizúa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Removal ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Direct Sowing

Morphological characterization of Conyza blakei, Conyza bonariensis var. bonariensis, Conyza sumatrensis var. sumatrensis and Conyza lorentzii in the southeast of Buenos Aires (Argentine). The genus Conyza Less. includes ruderal species, which grow of ruderal habitat, roadsides and railways. They have also been cited as pasture weeds, annual and perennial crops under direct sowing (SD) systems, adapting to these slightly disturbed environments since they are sensitive to soil removal. The taxonomic identification of Conyza species linked to morphological characters is difficult in vegetative stages, since this genus has highly related and polymorphic species. With the objective of morphologically characterizing Conyza blakei, C. bonariensis var. bonariensis, C. lorentzii and C. sumatrensis var. sumatrensis were recorded 19 morphological characters (12 vegetative and 7 reproductive) qualitative and quantitative, in 35 plants of each species. These characters were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis (Analysis of Components and Main Coordinates). The morphological characterization made it possible to detect phenotypic differences between the Conyza species analyzed. The analysis of main coordinates allowed to differentiate the species both at a reproductive and vegetative level, while the analysis of main components only allowed to differentiate the species in reproductive stage.

scholarly journals Characterization of Populations of Rhizoctonia solani in Paddy Rice Fields in Côte d'Ivoire

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Banniza ◽  
A. A. Sy ◽  
P. D. Bridge ◽  
S. A. Simons ◽  
M. Holderness
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Anastomosis Group ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Length Polymorphisms

Isolates of Rhizoctonia solani were obtained from plant and soil samples that had been systematically collected in a field experiment in Côte d'Ivoire to study the diversity of the pathogen and the influence of three different rice rotations on the pathogen population. Characterization by morphology, anastomosis testing, pathogenicity testing, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of AT-rich DNA (AT-DNA) showed that there were no differences in isolates from different experimental plots, suggesting that the soil as well as the plant population of the fungus was indistinguishable throughout the experiment and was not influenced by crop rotation. Analysis of AT-DNA showed that the isolates obtained from plant material and one from soil shared a distinct banding pattern, identical with the AT-DNA RFLP obtained for the reference strain of anastomosis group 1 (AG-1). The remaining soil isolates produced a consistent RFLP pattern that was distinct from that of the plant isolates. Morphological characterization of isolates produced two major clusters consisting of the same groups of isolates as found by AT-DNA RFLP. Diversity in morphological characters was much higher in plant than in soil isolates and indicated that the population might consist of several clones. Anastomosis testing revealed that soil as well as plant isolates were able to fuse with the tester strain of AG-1. Significant differences in disease severity were observed between the two groups of isolates in pathogenicity tests on rice plants, with plant isolates being distinctively more virulent.

Congruence between morphology and molecular data supports the distinction between the snapping shrimps Alpheus macrocheles and A. amblyonyx (Caridea, Alpheidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4624 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUIDOMAR O. SOLEDADE ◽  
JUSTIN A. SCIOLI ◽  
MARIANA TEROSSI ◽  
FERNANDO L. MANTELATTO ◽  
ALEXANDRE O. ALMEIDA
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Taxonomic Confusion ◽  
Snapping Shrimps

The snapping shrimp Alpheus macrocheles (Hailstone, 1835b) is widely distributed across the Atlantic Ocean and was originally described from Hastings, England, based on a very brief description with limited morphological details and diagnostic illustrations. The morphologically similar A. amblyonyx Chace, 1972, type locality Quintana Roo, Mexico, is a western Atlantic taxon. The superficial description of A. macrocheles by Hailstone and the high similarity with A. amblyonyx has led to taxonomic confusion regarding the precise identification of these species. Thus, our objective was to reexamine these two species, based on a combined analysis of morphological—including a redescription for A. macrocheles and new morphological characterization of A. amblyonyx—and molecular data. In total, 42 morphological characters were analyzed, in addition to a phylogenetic analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences. A Bayesian Inference analysis recovered A. macrocheles and A. amblyonyx as distinct clades supporting the taxonomic distinction between them. The tree topology suggests that A. macrocheles is more closely related to A. crockeri (Armstrong, 1941) and A. puapeba (Christoffersen, 1979) than to A. amblyonyx, which forms the sister group to a well-supported clade containing these three species. This contribution conclusively distinguishes between A. macrocheles and A. amblyonyx and points out the need for a comprehensive review involving all species of the larger A. macrocheles group. 

scholarly journals Morphological Characterization of Leaf and Flower of Local Sweet Potato [Ipomea batatas L.] From Agam and Solok District, West Sumatra Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Sumilah Sumilah ◽  
Nirmala F. Devy ◽  
Hardiyanto Hardiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Ipomea Batatas ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Taxonomic Research

<p>The diversity of sweet potatoes from Agam and Solok District of West Sumatra is known to be very high, it causes somedifficulties in taxonomic research. The diversity analysis based on the leaf and flower morphology has not done before in local sweet potato from Agam and Solok District. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of local varieties of sweet potato from West Sumatra based on leaves and flowers morphological characters. The analysis was conducted on 21 accessions collected from West Sumatra regencies and germplasm collection. The Morphological characterization was done based on CIP/AVRDC/IBPGR descriptor list. The data of morphological character was analyzed using Primary Component Analysis (PCA) and grouping analysis using Cluster Analysis through SAHN method on NTSys program, with UPGMA as similarities criteria. The results showed that the first four principal components contributed 89.6% to the plant diversity. The sweet potatoes were divided into 2 clusters, with the main distinguishing character was the existence of plant flowers. Information on genetic diversity and the pattern of relations between accessions will be very useful for the West Sumatra people in developing superior sweet potatoes.</p>

scholarly journals Morphoagronomic characterization of Sorghum cultivar ‘CIAP 132R-05’ obtained by somatic embryogenesis in the conversion phase using different substrates

2019 ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Silvio de J. Martínez Medina ◽  
Raúl Barbón Rodríguez, Rafael Gómez-Kosky, Novisel Veitía Rodríguez ◽  
María Esther González Vega ◽  
Orlando Saucedo Castillo ◽  
Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Limb Length ◽  
Regenerated Plants

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important crop after wheat, corn, rice and barley. The aim of this research was to study morphological characterization of the plant population of grain sorghum cultivar CIAP 132R-05 regenerated via somatic embryogenesis under semi controlled conditions in green house.  Plants regenerated from somatic embryos were compared to plants grown from botanical seeds. Both populations of plants were characterized morphologically, taking in account quantitative traits (plant height (cm), stem diameter, number of active leaves per plant, limb length and width, number of active roots per plant, length of the roots (cm), fresh weight (gMF), foliar area (dm2), number of shoots per plant) and qualitative traits (albino or variegated plants, color of the leaves). Quantitative characteristics of both populations corresponded with those listed in the National Register of Commercial Varieties of Cuba. However; the population of plants derived from somatic embryos showed significantly higher values ​​for plant height, stem diameter, limb length and width, which may be associated with the physiological rejuvenation produced by the effect of in vitro culture. This allowed to determine the phenotypic stability of the regenerated plants via somatic embryogenesis, by assessing morphological characters in field conditions. The results can be applied to the in vitro propagation of elite plants selected as a product of conventional breeding programs and obtained through the use of different biotechnological methods.

scholarly journals Morphological Characterization of Twenty One Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Genotypes Collected from Native and Alien Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jannatul Ferdousi ◽  
Mohammad Zakaria ◽  
Md. Azizul Hoque ◽  
Satya Ranjan Saha ◽  
Nasrin Akter Ivy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Improvement Programme ◽  
Dark Green

Sweet pepper is one of the most important nutritious vegetable and its demand is increasing day by day in Bangladesh indicating need to characterize and assess morphological variability for varietal improvement programme. Twenty-one sweet pepper genotypes from native and alien sources were characterized for twenty-six morphological traits using vegetative and reproductive appearances at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh from October 2018 to March 2019. Marked variation was exhibited among twenty-six qualitative traits (26) studied. Twenty-two (22) characters showed undeniable variation among the genotypes. The presence of higher percentage (61.90%) of light purple color at node were observed indicated high amount of anthocyanin content. Leaf shape is used as genotypes identifier at vegetative stage and herein three types of leaves were found with dark green color (76.19%) that is highly correlates with yield. In case of flower, same level of stigma exertion (61.90%) with 100% white color corolla indicates higher number of fruit sett were exhibited. Entire genotypes exerted one or more exclusive characters especially fruit shape and color in Bangladesh perspective which could be used as an important breeding tools. Fruit color was observed in various categories at intermediate and mature stage as for instance yellow, green, purple, orange, red etc. in addition higher percentage of blocky fruit shape (38.09%) were observed and these are the consumer fascinating attributes of sweet pepper. However, selection of genotypes with desirable morphological trait can be used for their exploitation of future breeding programme.

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