scholarly journals ESTIMASI PARAMETRIK MATERIAL KONSTRUKSI BETON BERTULANG PADA BANTUAN PASKA BENCANA DI ACEH. (STUDI KASUS: PERHITUNGAN MATERIAL PONDASI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Atthaillah Atthaillah ◽  
Eri Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Parametric Method ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Digital Fabrication ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Digital Architecture ◽  
Post Disaster

Penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan dari studi oleh penulis sendiri untuk menciptakan alur kerja yang efektif dan efisien untuk perhitungan kebutuhan material konstruksi pada kasus paska bencana di Aceh.  Pada artikel ini penulis fokus pada perhitungan kebutuhan material pondasi.  Tujuannya adalah untuk memberikan gambaran yang lebih baik tentang bagaimana sistem yang menjadi proposal kami bekerja.  Selain itu, pengembangan kemampuan dari framework sebelumnya juga salah satu hal yang ingin kami dapatkan pada studi ini.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode parametrik dengan Rhinoceros Educational versi 6, Grasshopper3D versi 1 serta GHPython.  Rhinoceros digunakan untuk membuat desain.  Grasshopper3D digunakan untuk membuat algoritma serta GHPyhton untuk membuat komponen-komponen Grasshopper yang lebih efisien sesuai dengan studi kasus.  Pada artikel ini kami juga menggunakan spreadsheet yaitu Microsoft Excel untuk tabulasi data perhitungan.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kemampuan framework berhasil dikembangkan untuk perbandingan alternatif komponen bangunan.  Pada kasus ini perbandingan harga material kota Lhokseumawe antara pondasi menerus dan pondasi tapak pada tiga luas bangunan yaitu 55 m2, 16 m2 dan 36 m2.  Perbandingan tersebut menunjukkan pondasi tapak lebih murah dalam hal material dibandingkan dengan pondasi menerus.  Kemampuan ini dinilai penting untuk efektifitas pengambilan keputusan yang relevan dengan konteks paska bencana di daerah tertentu.  Kemampuan membandingkan ini juga memberikan peluang untuk peningkatan kondisi psikologis dari penerima atau masyarakat yang terdampak oleh bencana.  Hal ini disebabkan oleh adaptabilitas yang tinggi dari framework sehingga bisa disesuaikan dengan kondisi yang diinginkan.  Selain itu, kami telah berhasil mengintegrasikan secara efisien pengembangan pada tahap ini ke framework yang sudah dikembangkan sebelumnya.Kata-kata Kunci:  parametrik, beton, pasca-bencana, pondasi PARAMETRIC ESTIMATION FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL IN ACEH POST DISASTER RELIEF (CASE STUDY: ESTIMATION OF FOUNDATION MATERIAL)This research was the development of authors’ previous work to invent a framework that capable of performing estimation for construction materials effectively and efficiently in Aceh post-disaster cases.  In this paper, the writers focus on estimating substructure construction materials.  It was aimed at giving a better overview of the proposed framework system.  Besides, the improvement of the ability of the previous framework was something that we opted to within this study.  This paper employed a parametric method using Rhinoceros Educational version 6, Grasshopper3D version 1 and GHPython.  Rhinoceros was used for design making.  Grasshopper3D was used to construct algorithms and GHPython was utilized for optimized Grasshopper3D components for efficient workflow.  Further, this work utilized spreadsheet, which was Microsoft Excel, for estimation data tabulation.  The result showed the abilities of the framework was succeeded to be developed for a new feature, which was comparison capability for building components alternative.  In this study, the material price comparison for Lhokseumawe between a continuous rock (rubble stone) and footplate foundations for 55 m2, 16 m2, and 36 m2 building area.  It was discovered that the footplate foundation cheaper compared to the rubble stone.  This capability was significant for an effective decision making in a relevant post-disaster context.  The comparison ability had open opportunity to improve the psychological condition for users or societies affected by a disaster.  It was due to the high adaptability of the framework to suit specific situations.  Besides, we had efficiently integrated the development at this stage successfully to the previous work.Keywords: parametric, concrete, post-disaster, foundationREFERENCESAshmore, J., Fowler, J., & Kennedy, J. (2008). IASC Emergency Shelter Cluster Shelter Projects. Un-Specified: UN-HABITAT.Atthaillah. (2014). Arsitektur parametrik dengan Rhinoceros dan Grasshopper: Kajian workflow dari desain, fabrikasi hingga hitungan kebutuhan material. Arsitekno, 3, 10–23.Atthaillah, E., Saputra, & Iqbal, M. (2018). Parametric Estimation for Reinforced Concrete Relief Shelter for Aceh Cases. In IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 352 (p. 012061). IOP Science. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/352/1/012061Benros D, G., Duarte, J. P., & Knight, T. (2011). Automated design and delivery of relief housing: the case of post-earthquake Haiti. In Proceeding of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design (pp. 247–264). Liege.da Silva, J. (2010). Lessons from Aceh: Key Considerations in Post-Disaster Reconstruction. Warwickshire: Practical Action Publishing.Daher, E., Kubicki, S., & Halin, G. (2015). parametric process for shelters and refugees’ camps design. In Proceedings of the 33rd International eCAADe (pp. 541–548). Vienna.Dunn, N. (2012). Digital Fabrication in Architecture. London: Laurence King Publishing.Goncalves, A. M. d C. F. A. (2014). A Grammar for Shelter: An exploration of ruled based designs n prefabricated and modular shelters. In Proceeding of the 32nd International eCAADe (pp. 327–336). Newcastle.Khabazi, Z. (2012). Generative Algorithm using Grasshopper. Morphogenesism.Şener, S. M., & Torus, B. (2009). Container Post Disaster Shelter-CPoDS (pp. 599–604). Proceedings of eCAADe 27.SNI 2836, A. (2008). Tata cara perhitungan harga satuan pekerjaan pondasi untuk konstruksi bangunan gedung dan perumahan. Jakarta: Badan Standardisasi Nasional.SNI 7394, A. (2008). Tata cara perhitungan harga satuan pekerjaan beton untuk konstruksi bangunan gedung dan perumahan. Jakarta: Badan Standardisasi Nasional.Yeung, W. K., & Harkins, J. (2010). Digital architecture for humanitarian design in post-disaster reconstruction. International Journal of Architectural Computing, 9, 17–31.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF DURABILITY AND DEFORMATION PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
S.І. Rogovyi ◽  
◽  
L.A. Tsyhanenko ◽  
N.M. Sribniak ◽  
V.M. Lutskovskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Reinforce Concrete ◽  
The State ◽  
General View ◽  
Analytic Model ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Deformation Properties

Abstract. The research deals with the main directions of the Reinforced Concrete Theory current improvement on the basis of its incisive analysis. As leading direction in solving such a problem, the modern, well known deformational analytic model is examined. It is implemented on the base of complete experimental diagrams of deformation of different structural materials. The offered methods for improvement of such model suggest the creation and use of the transformed diagrams of deformation of concrete, reinforced elements as well as those structural elements on their basis. The modelling of these diagrams is envisaged on the basis of experimental dependences of complete diagrams for deformation of construction materials taking into account the influence on them of different physical, technological, dynamic and other factors. The general view of the said diagram will be realized by two its branches – ascending and descending, designed by different parametric (key) points. The special interest on the modern stage in development of deformational analytic model presents the design of descending branch of complete diagram on the state of construction material that is recorded by different parametric points. One of the main tasks in designing of such points is standardization of experimental methods in determining the critical values of relative power deformations in the top of a diagram, that correspond to the limit straining of construction material, that does not exceed the board of its durability at a compression. The descending branch of complete diagrams must be designed on condition that the deformation of concrete became consistently waning. The transitional point of this state in sustained and increasing deformation it to be considered as destruction start of material at intensively increasing destructive transformations of its structure. The straining of constructional material on such on-loading area of diagram can diminish to the level of postcritical values, beyond the durability range of stability at a compression, and to correspond to relative deformations in the limit state. Further reduction in tension to the concrete is representative at its dynamic deformation in terms of more intensive development of destructive transformations. Thus the level of relative deformations can increase to the maximally possible values, beyond which a concrete, as structural material, stops to comply with the necessary operating qualities. The long-term experience in initiation, perfection and development of theory of the reinforced concrete, as well as implementation of its modern deformational model of calculation show that there is a number of important vital problems which need to be examined and solved for today. Such problems in the outlined aspect are to be examined in two directions of researches. The first is an improvement of methodology of tests and standardization of methods in obtaining the complete experimental diagrams of the state and their parametrical points which allow to design dependence sb – εb (straining – deformation) with high authenticity by the analytical function for its implementation at the calculations of different structural elements; the second is an improvement of deformational calculation model with help of the transformed diagrams of deformation, as well as more precise definition of some pre-conditions and positions accepted in different existent standards for the calculation of concrete and reinforce-concrete constructions. The essence in solving of the above-said pressing issues set forth in this research.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Possibility of Using 1.4462 and 1.4501 Steel as a Construction Material for Apparatus Operating at an Increased Temperature and with Corrosive Factors

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4014
Author(s):  
Karol Prałat ◽  
Andżelika Krupińska ◽  
Marek Ochowiak ◽  
Sylwia Włodarczak ◽  
Magdalena Matuszak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Steel Heat

The objective of this study was to determine the requirements for steels used as construction materials for chemical apparatus operating at an elevated temperature and to correlate them with the properties of the tested steels. The experimental part examined the influence of the annealing process on the structure and properties of X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462) and X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 (1.4501) steel. Heat treatment was carried out on the tested samples at a temperature of 600 °C and 800 °C. Changes were observed after the indicated time intervals of 250 and 500 h. In order to determine the differences between the initial state and after individual annealing stages, metallographic specimens were performed, the structure was analyzed using an optical microscope and the micro-hardness was measured using the Vickers method. Potentiostatic tests of the samples were carried out to assess the influence of thermal process parameters on the electrochemical properties of the passive layer. An increase in the hardness of the samples was observed with increasing temperature and annealing time, the disappearance of magnetic properties for both samples after annealing at the temperature of 800 °C, as well as a significant deterioration in corrosion resistance in the case of treatment at a higher temperature.

scholarly journals Statistical and Reliability Study on Shear Strength of Recycled Coarse Aggregate Reinforced Concrete Beams

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3321
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Ju ◽  
Meirzhan Yerzhanov ◽  
Alina Serik ◽  
Deuckhang Lee ◽  
Jong R. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Shear Capacity ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Coarse Aggregates

The consumption of structural concrete in the construction industry is rapidly growing, and concrete will remain the main construction material for increasing urbanization all over the world in the near future. Meanwhile, construction and demolition waste from concrete structures is also leading to a significant environmental problem. Therefore, a proper sustainable solution is needed to address this environmental concern. One of the solutions can be using recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Extensive research has been conducted in this area in recent years. However, the usage of RCA concrete in the industry is still limited due to the absence of structural regulations appropriate to the RCA concrete. This study addresses a safety margin of RCA concrete beams in terms of shear capacity which is comparable to natural coarse aggregates (NCA) concrete beams. To this end, a database for reinforced concrete beams made of recycled coarse aggregates with and without shear reinforcement was established, collecting the shear specimens available from various works in the existing literature. The database was used to statistically identify the strength margin between RCA and NCA concrete beams and to calculate its safety margin based on reliability analysis. Moreover, a comparability study of RCA beams was conducted with its control specimens and with a database for conventional RC beams.

Experimental of Inverted-T Shape Reinforced Concrete Wall Subjected to Blast Load

2021 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 254-262
Author(s):  
Mazlan Abu Seman ◽  
Sharifah Maszura Syed Mohsin ◽  
Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad Zaidi ◽  
Md Fuad Shah Koslan ◽  
Zainorizuan Mohd Jaini
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Reinforcement ◽  
Blast Load ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Flexural Reinforcement

Reinforced concrete (RC) widely used as the construction material for the main structural element for many significant structures such as bridge and building because of its relatively high strength and economical. However, there still lacks research published regarding the appropriate reinforcement steel arrangement in a complete RC structure subjected to blast load. Most of the published experimental works focused on the small rectangular or square RC panel. From the record search, the approved design by professional engineers, when RC wall subjected to the possibility of blast load, both RC wall details either retaining wall or shear wall implemented. Therefore, the full-scale blast experiment is vital to appraise the appropriate steel reinforcement arrangement in the RC wall. The blast experiment indicated, with different steel reinforcement arrangement in the RC wall, the better blast resistance with the number of cracks on the RC wall is significantly less from one another for the wall with the arrangement of horizontal flexural reinforcement tied-outside the vertical flexural reinforcement and the hooked-in direction of vertical flexural steel reinforcement into the wall base.

Digital fabrication of eco-friendly ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete

2021 ◽  
pp. 104281
Author(s):  
Arun R. Arunothayan ◽  
Behzad Nematollahi ◽  
Ravi Ranade ◽  
Kamal H. Khayat ◽  
Jay G. Sanjayan
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Digital Fabrication ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
High Performance Fiber

EFFECT OF YELLOW LOESS ON ODOROUS GAS ADSORPTION AND ECOTOXICITY TEST USING DAPHNIA MAGNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Hongseok Jang ◽  
Boram Lee ◽  
Seungyoung So
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Ecotoxicity Test ◽  
Lamellar Crystal ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
Natural Materials

ABSTRACT To minimize damage caused by harmful substances released from artificial construction materials, there has been increasing interest in eco-friendly houses constructed with natural materials. Among natural materials, yellow loess is South Korea’s most representative eco-friendly construction material, with high purification performance for indoor use. However, there has been no objective assessment of yellow loess’s performance at purifying indoor air. In this study, internal pores were found in yellow loess that were of a lamellar crystal structure consisting of bonds of silica and alumina plates, and there was a high negative charge on the loess surface; these might have contributed to the excellent performance of yellow loess in adsorbing odorous gas. There was also an exposure test using Daphnia magna to determine the eco-friendliness of yellow loess compared with that of cement mortar. Results showed the survival of Daphnia magna was longer in the indoor environment of a test chamber with higher concentration of ammonia wherein yellow loess was placed. EC50 (median effective concentration, the concentration that caused death of 50% of bio-specimens) value of 19 ml of ammonia (0.1% solution), which was three times more than EC50 value of 6 ml of ammonia of the same area of cement mortar.

Flexural Performance Evaluation of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Incorporating Multiple Macro-Synthetic Fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (27) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dopko ◽  
Meysam Najimi ◽  
Behrouz Shafei ◽  
Xuhao Wang ◽  
Peter Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Residual Strength ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Test Beam ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Flexural Performance ◽  
Strength And Toughness

Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is a promising construction material mainly because of the crack-controlling mechanisms that discrete fibers can impart to inherently brittle concrete. Macrofibers, in particular, have been proven effective for providing post-crack ductility and toughness, while synthetic fibers are a promising solution to avoid corrosion-related durability issues. To assess the performance enhancement provided by macro-synthetic concrete fibers, this study performs flexural tests on FRC beams containing three different types of macro-synthetic fibers. The selected fibers include polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and alkali-resistant glass (ARG) macrofibers mixed at volume fractions of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. Static and dynamic fresh properties are monitored using the vibrating Kelly ball (VKelly) test. Beam specimens are then placed under a third point bending configuration, as per ASTM C1609 Standard, to measure load versus mid-span deflection. Strength and toughness parameters are derived from the load–deflection data to assess the flexural performance of the FRC composite systems under consideration. The parameters of interest include first peak strength (pre-crack flexural strength) and post-crack residual strength and toughness provided by fiber addition. Of the mixtures tested, ARG fiber mixtures show the highest residual strength and toughness values, followed by PP and PVA fiber mixtures. ARG fibers produce the most workable mixtures at all fiber volumes, while PVA fibers show a tendency to encounter dispersion issues at higher volume doses. The outcome of this study is expected to facilitate the selection of fibers by giving insight into their relative contribution to fresh and hardened flexural properties of FRC.

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