scholarly journals Stability, efficiency and financial risks of islamic banks in conditions of instability of global financial system

Upravlenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Mazurina ◽  
Shukrullokhon Sharipov
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Global Financial System

In modern conditions of implementation Islamic model of banking, the issues of increasing efficiency of its activities and ensuring the long-term stability of Islamic banks come to the fore. Article analyzes the activities of Islamic banks in the post-crisis period, both in the global Islamic banking sector as a whole, and in the context of individual countries in which Islamic banks are predominantly or significantly represented, as well as financial risks that pose a threat of losses for Islamic banks. It has been concluded that the Islamic financial system is becoming one of the most important components of the international financial system, and Islamic banks within the global financial system are becoming more recognized and competitive, as they demonstrate a sufficiently high efficiency and stability of activity, a positive trend of development. Analysis found that Islamic banking has demonstrated its reliability and stability in the post-crisis period and continues to be a viable and effective mechanism of financial intermediation in the conditions of global financial system instability. The differences in the functioning and performance of Islamic banks in different countries within a single consolidated Islamic banking system have been revealed, a comparative analysis effectiveness of banking sectors a number of Muslim countries has been given, the directions of development of Islamic banking in them have been shown. Conclusions have been drawn on the need for Islamic banks to introduce effective mechanisms for monitoring and managing financial and investment risks in order to increase their ability to withstand adverse external factors, since in the future, despite the positive trends in the activities of Islamic banks, there are potential financial risks due to the growth of their current costs associated with the possibility of potential deterioration in the quality of assets and reduction in the level of profit.

scholarly journals Competition between conventional and Islamic banks in Malaysia revisited

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1771-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafik Harkati ◽  
Syed Musa Alhabshi ◽  
Salina Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Monopolistic Competition ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Perfect Competition ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conventional And Islamic Banks

Purpose This paper aims to assess the nature of competition between conventional and Islamic banks operating in Malaysia. It is an effort to enrich the existing literature by offering an empirical compromise on the differences in the results of studies related to competition between the two types of banks. Design/methodology/approach Secondary data on all banks operating in Malaysia’s diversified banking sector is collected from the FitchConnect database for the period 2011-2017. A non-structural measure of competition (H-statistic) as informed by Panzar–Rosse is used to measure the competition between conventional and Islamic banks. Panel data analysis techniques are used to estimate H-statistic. Wald test for the market structure of perfect competition/monopoly is used to affirm the validity and consistency of the results. Findings The findings of this study signify that the Malaysian banking sector operated under monopolistic competition during the period of study. The long-run equilibrium condition holds for the Malaysian banking sector. Competition among conventional banks is more intense than that among Islamic banks. Financial reform endeavours of Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) along with the liberalisation wave of the financial system were successful in promoting competition, rendering the financial system contestable, resilient and dynamic. Practical implications Regulators and policymakers may find the results beneficial in terms of rethinking the number of banks operating in the Islamic sector. The number of banks, however, is not the only determinant of competition in the banking sector. Implications of competition change for stability and risk-taking behaviour of banks should be considered. Originality/value Within the context of Malaysia’s diversified banking system, given the contradictory results reported in studies on competition, this study is an effort to provide a plausible middle ground. It suggests a possible answer as to why competition nature has not changed since the policy change initiatives of BNM, namely, banks merger, expansion of Islamic banking operation scope and liberalisation process.

Does the tag “Islamic” help in customer satisfaction in dual banking sector?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayaz Ahmad Lone ◽  
Ulfat Rashid Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Future Strategy ◽  
Conventional Banks

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find out the importance of the tag “Islamic” in the title of banks. This will help to determine the future strategy of Islamic banks, while expanding to the countries where Islamic banking is seen as a religious banking and not an as an alternative approach to the conventional banking. Design/methodology/approach Adopting convenience sampling, a total of 596 customers of both Islamic and conventional banks were surveyed from four regions of Saudi Arabia (Makkah, Madinah, Riyadh and Dammam) using a self-structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale. Findings The results concede that Islamic banks without the tag “Islamic” and conventional banks have same customer satisfaction. There are some factors other than the tag “Islamic” which are driving customers towards Islamic banking. Those factors include physical aspects of the bank, level of satisfaction with the services, dealing and attendance by the staff and safety and security of the bank. Besides, the application of fundamental principles of Islamic banking works as a key motivation for customer satisfaction with Islamic banking. Practical implications Applying the tag “Islamic” is not as important as implementing the principles of Islamic banking. Islamic banks can survive and compete well even without using the “Islamic” tag if they implement the prime principles of Islamic banking and work on improving the factors highlighted by this study. This study can prove to be helpful in the expansion of Islamic banking in the countries where religious banking is not generally preferred by customers. Originality/value This is the first study to find out the customer satisfaction in a dual banking system (comprising of conventional banks and Islamic banks that do not use the tag “Islamic”), thereby filling the existing gap in the Islamic banking literature.

scholarly journals Risks Faced by Islamic Banks: A Study on the Compliance Between Theory and Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Salma Rhanoui ◽  
Khalid Belkhoutout
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
Methods Of Operation ◽  
Global Financial System

Risk management is an active field where applications are reconsidered after each obstacle. Islamic banks are not excluded from this rule, particularly when they operate in a global financial system, in which they are occasionally forced to follow conventional banking rules. Nevertheless, Islamic banks are part of a less-advanced industry and face many challenges when handling risk. In theory, Islamic banks are confronted with two categories of risk: common risks, which are similar to the risks faced by conventional banks and risks specific to Islamic banks, due to their specificities and methods of operation. However, practice does not necessarily reflect this dichotomy. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to make a compliance study between the theory and practice of Islamic banking risks. More precisely, it will compare all the risks fully recognized by the theory to the risks that are actually managed by the Islamic banks in their activities, using a sample of these institutions. The results of this qualitative approach, demonstrate that practice can be quite different from theory.

scholarly journals Customers' Awareness, Attitude and Patronage of Islamic Banking in Nigeria

ICR Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-408
Author(s):  
Kareem Muritala Kewuyemi
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Item Questionnaire

This study examines customers’ awareness of Islamic banking products and services in Nigeria and explores their attitude towards them. It also investigates their patronage of the banks. An 18-item questionnaire was designed for businesspersons, Muslims and non-Muslims, to obtain information on issues such as awareness of Islamic banking, loans without interest, collateral security, agency, partnership based on sharing of profits and losses and patronage of an interest free financial system. The results show the willingness of the Muslims and a large number of non-Muslims to patronize Islamic banking products and services. Products and services offered by a large number of the respondents were shariah-compliant. Their readiness to give collateral security, which is neither compulsory nor against the dictates of Islam, indicates their attitude and preparedness to patronise Islamic banks. However, a few non-Muslim respondents state they will not patronise Islamic banking products even if they are profitable and they are the only products in the banking sector in Nigeria. This study will assist promoters of Islamic banks in Nigeria to know where they can establish full-fledged Islamic banks. There is need for the existing and the potential Islamic banks to create more public awareness on Islamic banks.

scholarly journals ISLAMIC BANKING REVOLUTION IN MALAYSIA: A REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
Saleh Ali Husseini ◽  
Soo-Fen Fam ◽  
Norun Najjah Ahmat ◽  
Fadhlur Rahim Azmi ◽  
Dedy Dwi Prastyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
And Behavior

Purpose of the study: The study aims to review the development of Malaysian Islamic banks from year 2008 to 2015 and its role in financing Malaysian economy. Methodology: The sources of data were collectted from Malaysian banks, the reviews of the experience of Islamic banks in Malaysia has been discussed, then this study analysed the roles of Islamic banks in the allocation of resources in the banking system. finally, this study explined the  overall development of performance in Islamic banks in Malaysia. Main Findings and Novelty: The results of this study show that the Malaysian Islamic banks have contributed on the structure of the Malaysian economy; particularly in supporting the SME (small and medium entrepreneurship) industries as well the large projects, which create a good positive impact on Malaysian economy and became one of the main financial sources of Malaysian investment. Applications of this study: Achieving the required requirements for the success of the desired Islamic financial system such as adherence to ethical controls and behavior would reduce the problematic ethical risks and the risks of information asymmetry and emphasis on the importance of participations in the banking system and the need to adopt them.

State ownership and bank performance: conventional vs Islamic banks

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Turki Alshammari
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Banking Systems ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to examine the effect of state ownership on bank performance for all banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries during the period 2003 – 2018, for two distinct banking systems: the conventional and the Islamic banking systems. Design/methodology/approach To achieve the goal of the study, this paper uses a mean t-test to examine the mean difference of the related variables for both banking systems, and a regression test (using the GMM method) to explore the effect of state ownership on bank performance. Findings The most important result of the analysis is that state ownership has a significantly positive influence on bank performance for conventional banks but not for Islamic banks, in the GCC area. Originality/value This study adds to the scarce related literature comparative empirical results with respect to the impact of ownership on the performance of two different banking systems: the conventional system and the Islamic banking system in the GCC area. This study is likely to have implications for policymakers in terms of developing rules relevant to the governance of GCC’s two banking systems that can help to support the stability of the whole banking sector.

IMPACT OF ISLAMIC FINANCE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF MUSLIM COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYEDA AROOJ NAZ ◽  
SAQIB GULZAR
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Global Financial System

Islamic finance is one of the most rapidly growing sectors of the global financial system. This paper empirically outlines the pure effect of Islamic finance including Islamic banking and Islamic bonds on economic growth in major Muslim countries. Current study has taken up Islamic banks’ assets and Islamic banks’ financing, total value of sukuk issued and real GDP as measuring proxies. For the analysis, PMG of ARDL framework has been utilized. The outcomes of the study revealed that in the long run, Islamic banks’ assets, Islamic banks’ financing and Islamic bonds are significantly correlated with real GDP in Muslim countries.

Enhancing Islamic Banking and Finance in Southeast Asia Through the Application of Artificial Intelligence

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-53
Author(s):  
Nor Razinah Mohd. Zain ◽  
Rusni Hassan ◽  
Azman Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Financial Services Industry ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Banking And Finance ◽  
Services Industry

The disruption of innovations in the banking sector continues to indicate a positive trend among bankers and customers. The innovations of technology that stand with speediness and fast track transaction effectively support the spread in using banking system without barriers. Recently, the financial services industry continues to be surprised by the latest technology's innovation that is known as artificial intelligence. By looking into the ecosystem for the future sustainability of Islamic banking and finance in Southeast Asia, Islamic financial services may learn and adopt several best practices of A.I. from global banking practices. With a focus on the Islamic financial services industry in Southeast Asia, an exploration on the readiness of such industry and advantages of artificial intelligence are made. This research depends on the qualitative investigation from documentary materials. The leadership of Islamic banks shows their readiness in accepting artificial intelligence.

scholarly journals Integration of Islamic banking in the national banking sector: foreign experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 09004
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Stoika
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Sharia Law ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
The Developed Countries

The rules of banking management in Muslim countries are based on the Sharia Law, that is, a set of rules and laws relating to the management of the economy, social, political and cultural aspects of Islamic society. Sharia Law also prohibits the conclusion of immoral transactions and endorses social justice, which is ensured through the distribution of risks and returns, and the implementation of social investment. In the context of economic globalization, this phenomenon is already quite distinguished and is considered a worthy competitor to the traditional banking system. Features of Islamic banking institutions activities become their advantages in comparison with traditional banking institutions. That is why Islamic banks have become active participants in the global financial market, despite the specific nature of their operations and the difficulties of their adaptation to international practice. Islamic banking has spread not only in the developed countries of Western Europe, but also in Central Asia. The study of the process of Islamic banks activities in the financial markets of such countries as Great Britain, Germany, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan allows us to identify two forms of their functioning: establishment of Islamic windows by banking institutions of these countries and direct entry of banks that originate from Islamic countries. The experience of the above-mentioned countries regarding the integration of Islamic banking into the national financial sector has shown, first of all, the need to develop an appropriate regulatory framework, to form an appropriate infrastructure, to conduct awareness-raising activities, to strengthen international cooperation with investor countries.

scholarly journals Bankruptcy Profile of the Islamic Banking Industry: Evidence from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ali Jan ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Fong-Woon Lai ◽  
Amin Jan ◽  
Mehreen Mehreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Crisis Period

The purpose of this study is to examine the bankruptcy profile of the Islamic banking industry in Pakistan for the post-crisis period 2007-2008. This study used Altman’s Z-score bankruptcy evaluation model for evaluating bankruptcy rates of the sampled Islamic banks from Pakistan for the post-crisis period 2009-2015. ANOVA result shows the P-value with 0.002, which implies that the sampled Islamic banks from Pakistan do differ in their rates of bankruptcy. Regression results show that the variables liquidity and productivity ratios have a significant positive impact on the bankruptcy profile of the Islamic banking sector in Pakistan. While profitability and insolvency, ratios indicated an insignificant impact on the bankruptcy profile of the Islamic banking industry in Pakistan. The overall analysis of this study is viable to draw the attention of researchers and practitioners towards the deteriorating bankruptcy profile of the Islamic banking sector in Pakistan. The study also persuades the researchers to design a separate Shariah-based bankruptcy evaluation model for the Islamic banking industry of Pakistan.

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