scholarly journals Heart failure 2019: insights from the National Society of Cardiology Journals

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Plamen Gatzov ◽  
Jean-Jacques Monsuez ◽  
Gergely Ágoston ◽  
Michael Aschermann ◽  
Hala Mahfouz Badran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
National Society ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology ◽  
Selection Of

Heart failure (HF) became one of the biggest problems of the health care systems in the developed countries. It’s prevalence has the characteristics of pandemic in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) member countries. The population aging and poorly controlled cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, overweight, and diabetes are the most important factors for that situation. The differences in the disease epidemiology, diagnosis and therapy among ESC member countries have been recently well described in the Atlas registry. To understand the specific features in the ESC countries, the ESC Editors Network created the initiative to present the most important publications from the National Societies of Cardiology journals (NSCJ) every year. For the 2019 the decision was the articles to be in the field of HF. The following review presents the selection of such papers.

The experience of different countries in the fight against the coronavirus infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Konstantin Robertovich Gulyabin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
High Level ◽  
National Disaster

The coronavirus pandemic was the first epidemic to hit humanity in the 21st century and a serious challenge to health care systems around the world, most of which were completely unprepared for such a scale of the problem. Starting in China at the end of 2019, the infection quickly spread around the world. Different countries have taken unprecedented measures of various content aimed at curbing the coronavirus: some put an emphasis on strict isolation and separation of people, others - on mass testing, and some - on self-isolation of citizens arriving from abroad. Meanwhile, social measures proved more effective than medical measures in some cases. In the developed countries of East and Southeast Asia, due to the sufficient awareness of citizens and a high level of trust in the ruling authorities, the measures to contain the epidemic were very successful, while in some countries of South America and India the epidemic has become a national disaster. Almost two years after the start of the pandemic, it is still too early to speak about any meaningful predictions, however, thanks to the mass vaccination that has begun in most countries, the prospect of containing the further spread of the infection is becoming real.

The Impact of Population Aging on Economic Growth: Panel Data Evidence from Middle East Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdulaziz Bawazir ◽  
Mohamed Aslam ◽  
Ahmad Farid Osman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
The Developed Countries

This study examines the relationship between population aging and economic growth in a panel of 10 selected Middle East countries for the period of 1996–2016. For this purpose, this study uses two different measures of population aging, namely population aged 65 and over and old dependency ratio, to investigate their impacts on economic growth. The study utilizes the three alternative models of static panel data comprised of the pooled ordinary least squares, random effects, and fixed effects. The results of the robust fixed effects model indicate that the population aged 65 and over and the old dependency ratio have a positive effect on economic growth. The finding supports the argument indicating that an aging population does not necessarily adversely affect economic growth in the developing countries as it does in the developed countries. Therefore, the elderly population is not a matter of concern for the Middle East and the mechanisms through which the effect can take place are savings behavior and human capital accumulation of the individuals.

scholarly journals Újraélesztést követő koszorúér-angiográfia és katéteres intervenció

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (46) ◽  
pp. 1826-1831
Author(s):  
László Rudas ◽  
Endre Zima
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Temperature Management ◽  
Prehospital Management ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
St Elevation

Abstract: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) presents a great challenge for the health care systems even in the highly developed countries. For several decades, our greatest efforts have been directed toward the improvement of the prehospital management, including promotion of lay resuscitation and deployment of public access automated defibrillators. Recently, the importance of the hospital phase of the OHCA-management has been also emphasized. Attention has been paid to targeted temperature management and also to early coronary intervention. For those patients who present with ST-elevation on their post-resuscitation ECG, our approach is straightforward: urgent coronary angiography is indicated. The optimal management of those survivors of OHCA who present without ST-elevation is, however, still debated. Although up to 30% of these subjects also suffer from acute occlusive epicardial coronary disease, the clear benefit of urgent coronary angiography for the whole group is yet to be documented. Several large-scale randomized studies are under way to resolve this question. In our present review we detail the above controversies and outline the future directions. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(46): 1826–1831.

scholarly journals The role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) in the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Zhaohui
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology

BackgroundMyocardial pathologies are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in patients worldwide. Ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies have become a worldwide epidemic of the 21st century with an increasing impact on health care systems. The 2012 European Society of Cardiology and 2013 American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association guidelines provide current therapy guidance to reduce mortality and morbidity.MethodsThis was a systematic review involving cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) studies for the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy from January 2013 to April 2017. Out of 62 reviewed studies, only 12 were included in our study.ResultsThe average sensitivity and specificity of CMR in the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy was 86.75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 70.30% to 92.58%) and 81.75% (95% CI, 73.0% to 87.6%), respectively, and the positive predictive and negative predictive values were 80.17% and 86.75%, respectively.ConclusionDespite some limitations, our study shows that CMR has high sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value in diagnosing different types of cardiomyopathy. CMR may be used to differentiate types of cardiomyopathy, accurately quantify the chamber dimensions, volumes, and cardiac function, which make it useful for prognosis as well.

Biomarkers in acute heart failure

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Choudhary ◽  
Kevin Shah ◽  
Alan Maisel
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
National Health Care ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Acute Dyspnoea ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Acute heart failure continues to be a worldwide medical problem, associated with frequent readmissions, high mortality, and a profound economic impact on national health care systems. In the past decade, biomarkers have shifted the way in which acute heart failure is managed by the cardiologist. The search for the ideal biomarker to aid in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of acute heart failure is ongoing. The natriuretic peptides have proved extremely useful in determining whether acute dyspnoea has a cardiac aetiology. In addition, recent trials have demonstrated the use of natriuretic peptides in inpatient and outpatient prognosis, as well as in titrating medications in outpatients with chronic heart failure to prevent acute heart failure hospitalizations. Other emerging acute heart failure biomarkers include mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin, mid-regional proatrial natriuretic peptide, troponin, ST2, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.

Sociology of Aging in Canada: Issues for the Millennium

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. 82-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neena L. Chappell ◽  
Margaret J. Penning
Keyword(s):  
Population Aging ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Income Security ◽  
The Future ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Community Environments

AbstractThis paper presents a selective review of sociological gerontology in Canada, examining where it has been, where it is, and where it could go in the future in four general areas: inequality, population aging and the social construction of crisis; family relations and caregiving; work, retirement and income security; and health, health care systems, and health policy. This review suggests that the sociology of aging has not differentiated itself by the topic studied or by its applied and empirical focus, but rather in its unique perspective that reveals the importance of social structures for the personal and private experience of aging. In doing so, sociological gerontology rejects deterministic assumptions ofinevitability. The importance of relating the personal to the public and of continuing a critical examination of existing trends will continue into the future. An additional challenge will be the generation ofnew knowledge on how to transform institutions so that they better enhance the quality oflife ofseniors, including the identification of support of family structures and community environments, as well as more appropriate health and income security policies. This also includes research on effective and appropriate means of introducing new structures and implementing new policies and programs within the context of current social institutions.

scholarly journals An Osteopathic Perspective on COVID-19: Is There a Missing Link to Treatment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Richard Chmielewski
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
The Public ◽  
Technological Interventions ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Care Systems

Abstract As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed across the globe, clinical reports and autopsies on patient deaths proved that the pulmonary complications were the result of an acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by an excessive inflammatory response; a cytokine storm. Through literature research and review it has become apparent to the author that the lymphatic system is a vital, somewhat overlooked, missing link in the treatment of COVID-19 pulmonary infection. The major challenges the whole world is facing now have been a shortage of supplies such as PPE, or personal protective equipment, and intensive care facilities to treat the overwhelming numbers of COVID-19 cases, in under-developed countries as well as developed countries. Osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) and osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) have been proven, for over a century, to be very effective in the treatment of pulmonary diseases and previous pandemics. Osteopathic professionals must challenge the present paradigm of modern medicine which, only too often, relies less on the body’s own capacity to regulate itself, to compensate, and to heal, and more on outside intervention such as medications and vaccinations. Osteopathic physicians are needed to step forward and discuss, explain, teach and train the importance of the lymphatic system as a major component of the circulatory as well as the immune system which plays a vital, pivotal, role in fighting diseases such as the COVID-19 coronavirus. A “viral infection protocol” (VIP), as discussed in this article, needs to be promoted as a mainstream adjunct, along with all of the other modalities of modern medicine, to health professionals and the public, in the event that the health care systems are overwhelmed. The VIP treatment is easy to train and to certify practitioners, with proven results in other pulmonary infections and epidemics. It may prove invaluable in preventing clinical deterioration of masses of patients, who then would require more expensive, less available, and more dangerous technological interventions.

scholarly journals PATIENT-CENTERED MEDICINE: BACKGROUND TO THE TRANSFORMATION AND COMPONENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Khalfin ◽  
V. V. Madyanova ◽  
O. E. Kachkova ◽  
I. D. Demina ◽  
T. I. Krishtaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Patient Centered Medicine ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care

Purpose of the study. To analyze the concept of creating patient-oriented medicine, the prerequisites for its emergence, the difficulties of introducing it into existing health systems based on foreign experience. Materials and methods. The main materials of the study were used sources of foreign literature, which presents the concept of patient-oriented medicine, analyzed the prerequisites for changing models of health care in the European Union, USA and Asia in accordance with the principles of patient-oriented medicine, as well as data on the components and levels of patient-oriented medicine in foreign countries Results. The analyzed literature quite fully describes the difficulties of introducing patient-oriented medicine into existing health care systems. Particular attention should be paid to a multidisciplinary approach, continuity at different levels of medical care and effective communication between the physician and the patient towards the integration of this model into clinical practice. The analysis of the availability of medical care in developed countries and its dependence on social status, ethnicity and disease of the patient. Conclusion. Patient-oriented medicine is a new model for planning, implementing and evaluating medical services, which is based on mutually beneficial partnerships between medical workers, patients and their families. Taking into account the current problems of domestic health care, the introduction of the patient-oriented model will significantly improve the quality of medical care provided to the population of our country. Globally, the implementation of the principles of this model is far from complete. In the Russian Federation, targeted work in this direction requires additional scientific research, systematization of available data, and development of new legal documents

Truth telling and consent

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Emanuel ◽  
Rebecca Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Truth telling and informed consent are relatively recently established legal and ethical norms in end-of-life health care. This chapter provides an exploratory guide to the evolution of both norms, highlighting some of the benefits, problems, and issues associated with both terms. It also presents a selection of the stepwise protocols and practices which Western medicine has developed in order to deliver patient-centred palliative care which comforts and relieves. In addition, the chapter discusses the impact that constant adjustment to loss can have on patient psychology and decision-making in end-of-life care scenarios and the value of framing that experience in terms of continuous reintegration. Finally, the chapter discusses the lessons which can be learned from the contested place of family within health-care systems where decision-making depends on truth telling and informed consent, and the lessons which can be learned from familism across the globe.

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