scholarly journals Histomorphological Study of Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Lesions in Per Rectal Bleeding Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2361-2365
Author(s):  
Atul B Hulwan ◽  
Upadhey S R ◽  
Pawar S J ◽  
Ramesh M Oswal ◽  
Dhirajkumar Mane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Rectal Bleeding ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
The Mean

The present study on the histomorphology of lower gastrointestinal tract lesions in patients presenting with per rectal bleeding was two years (June 2015 to May 2017) cross-sectional study carried out in the department of pathology of a tertiary care hospital and included 40 cases. Constipation was the most typical associated symptom along with per rectal bleeding. Clinical details and radiological investigations helped in making the diagnosis of all lesions of the lower gastrointestinal tract causing per rectal bleeding. The mean age at presentation in benign lesions was 33 years, while the mean age at presentation in malignant lesions was 61 years. The mean age at presentation of adenocarcinoma was 62 years. Majority of cases of adenocarcinoma presented with Astler-Coller stage C1. The other malignancies of the lower gastrointestinal tract causing per rectal bleeding were clonogenic carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma and moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The most common cause of per rectal bleeding amongst the lower gastrointestinal tract is a neoplastic lesion. The lesions of the lower gastrointestinal tract causing per rectal bleeding are seen more commonly in male patients with a predominant age group of above 40 years, and constipation is the most typical associated symptom in these cases. The most common cause of per rectal bleeding amongst the lower gastrointestinal tract is a neoplastic lesion.

scholarly journals A Clinical Study of Secondary Glaucoma with Special Reference to Its Proportion, Causes and Its Risk Factors in a Tertiary Care Hospital - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Partha Chakma ◽  
Debal Kisor Pal ◽  
Amar Kanti Chakma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause

BACKGROUND Secondary glaucoma is an anatomically identifiable abnormality which in turn is an underlying cause of the events that lead to aqueous outflow obstruction and rise in the intraocular pressure. This prospective study mainly highlights the secondary glaucoma with special reference to its proportion, causes and its risk factors in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS This study was a cross sectional study. Patients, who attended the Department of Ophthalmology after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria diagnosed with secondary glaucoma, were included in the study. The study period was from February 2018 to June 2020. A standard form was filled up for each patient documenting parameters and findings of various examinations and was evaluated as per protocol. RESULTS Secondary glaucoma was seen in 0.2 % patients who visited during the study period. Out of 106 patients, males were 50, females were 56, with a male: female ratio of 1:1.1. The most common cause of secondary glaucoma was lens induced glaucoma seen in 44.34 % followed by uveitic glaucoma in 20.8 % cases, traumatic 17.9 %, neovascular 10.4 %, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma 2.8 %, pigmentary glaucoma 1.9 %, silicon oil induced 0.9 %, and uveitis-glaucomahyphema syndrome in 0.9 % cases. Around thirty five percent (34.9 %) cases presented with sudden onset of painful diminution of vision with nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSIONS Secondary glaucoma is still one of the prevalent diseases in this part of country. Lens induced glaucoma is still the most common cause of secondary glaucoma. Hypermature cataract, uveitis, trauma and neovascularisation are the different risk factors. KEYWORDS Secondary Glaucoma, Lens Induced Glaucoma, Phacomorphic Glaucoma, Uveitic Glaucoma

scholarly journals Mortality among organophosphate poisoning patients presenting with low Glasgow coma scale score at A Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2187-2192
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Shafique Ahmed ◽  
Hina Iram ◽  
Sagheer Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Organophosphate Poisoning ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Setting

This study is designed to assess the mortality in OPP patients with low GCS scores. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center. Period: From 1st February 2018 to 31st August 2018. Material & Methods: Included patients with low GCS, both genders and age of 18-60 years diagnosed with OPP. Their GCS was calculated and the outcome was determined in terms of mortality. Results: Out of 70 patients, the mean age was 35.2+16.5 years with the majority (62.9%) <30 years. 62.9% of these were males. Most (57.1%) of them presented after ingestion of <15mL of OP, 60% had the poisoning for >60 minutes, and the majority (74.3%) had taken it orally. When the GCS was computed, 81.40% had that of >5, while the mean came out to be 6.64 ±1.43. The mortality rate here was 17.10%. Conclusion: GCS toll can be a helpful and practical tool in assessing the mortality among the patients of OPP. However, because of the limited literature on the subject further studies are recommended to improve its validity.

scholarly journals Emergency Stay Duration of Patients in Emergency Department of A Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (222) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Simkhada ◽  
Shradha Acharya ◽  
Roshan Lama ◽  
Sujata Dahal ◽  
Nita Lohola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Stay ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Emergency department of a hospital is responsible for providing medical and surgical care to patients arriving at the hospital in need of immediate care. Emergency department is not staffed or equipped to provide prolonged care. Duration of stay in the Emergency department directly affects the quality of patient care. Longer length of stay is associated with Emergency department overcrowding, decline in patient care, increased mortality and decreased patients satisfaction. The main aim of this study is to find the mean stay duration of patients in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital from Jan 15,2019 to Jan 30, 2019. Ethical clearance was obtained from Kathmandu Medical College- Instutional Review Committee. The calculated sample size was 587. Consecutive sampling technique was used. The data thus obtained was entered in SPSS version 20 and necessary calculations were done. Results: The mean emergency stay duration was obtained to be 3.18 hours at 95% confidence interval (C.I  and standard deviation was 2.51 hours. Female had longer mean duration of stay (3.25 hours) compared to male (3.11 hours). The maximum length of stay was 15.3 hours. Most of the patients attending the emergency department were discharged right through the emergency department 398 ( 67.8%). Mean duration of stay was longest (5.06 hours) for the referral group. Conclusions: The mean stay duration in Emergency Department of tertiary care hospital in Nepal is getting shorter compared to similar study done previously.

scholarly journals To explore the impact of following the pre-operative fasting guidelines by ASA (American society of anesthesiologists), in improving patient outcome.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1018-1021
Author(s):  
Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
◽  
Ashok Perchani ◽  
Hamid Raza ◽  
Ahmeduddin Soomro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Time

Objective: To analyze the occurrence and consequences of a prolonged preoperative-fasting. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Large tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Period: October 2018 to October 2019. Material & Methods: We collected data for all the procedures that occurred during the study period and divided the cases into emergency procedures, add-on procedures and elective cases. We excluded the first cases of the day and excluded the emergency and add-on cases. We studied the patients NPO duration and their scheduled start time of the procedure and compared with their actual start time of the procedure. Results: The study population was n= 434 cases. Of these 434 cases n= 164 cases were performed on time and n= 270 cases were delayed by 60 minutes or more from their scheduled time. The most frequent reason was a previous cases running longer than expected in 59.25% of the cases, the second most common reason was a change in sequence and order of the procedures which was the case for delay in 14.44% of the cases. The overall mean time of NPO for the patients was found to be 770.1 +/- 130.6 minutes, for the delayed cases the mean time duration of NPO was 812.3 +/- 105.3 minutes. The mean time of case delay was 155.2 +/- 102.7 minutes for overall cases and for the significantly delayed case the mean time period of delay was 190.2 +/- 92.1 cases. Conclusion: Our results showed that 60% of the cases have a prolonged NPO status due to delays in start of their surgical procedure as compared to the scheduled times.

scholarly journals The study of prevalence of needle stick and sharp injuries among healthcare workes in tertiary care hospital, Navi Mumbai

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Debapriya Das Choudhury ◽  
Jyoti P Sonawane ◽  
Abhay Chowdhary
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Improper Use

Needlestick injuries (NSIs) as defined by accidentally puncture the skin by needles. The occupational exposures to NSIs are considered to be much higher in the developing world and multiple risk factors eg. improper use of protective equipment (like failure to use suitable-sized gloves), working in surgical or intensive care units, insufficient work experience, young age, needle recapping, unsuitable needle disposal, intravenous cannulation may contribute to NSIs. To determine the occurrence/ prevalence of needle stick and sharp injuries (NSIs) among healthcare workers working in a tertiary care hospital and the factors responsible for NSIs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital among HCws in the hospital over a period of one year Jan 2020-December 2020. Nursing staffs are most frequently reported NSI. Among the groups, most common cause of NSIs was found to be recapping of needle followed by cleaning, HGT and procedure. The most common cause of NSI among housekeeping staffs found to be needle lying on the floor and accidental mixing of sharp biomedical waste with other waste. The HCWs from critical care unit eg. ICUs are the most commonly reported NSIs HCWs are always at high risk of attaining NSIs. The nursing staffs followed are the most vulnerable group who gets the sharp/NSI and require extra attention. As a preventive measures regular training and education of nursing staffs and all other categories of health care workers to be ensured in healthcare settings.

scholarly journals An epidemiological study of utilization of Rajiv Gandhi Jeevandayee Arogya Yojana in a municipal tertiary care hospital located in a metro city

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2515
Author(s):  
Radhakrishnan A. ◽  
Seema S. Bansode-Gokhe
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Management ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: Objective of the study was to study the epidemiological profile of study subjects benefited by Rajiv Gandhi Jeevandayee Arogya Yojana (RGJAY) and study the spectrum of surgical procedures/therapies/consultations. Methods: It was a hospital record –based retrospective cross sectional study. Approximately 7200 beneficiaries were enrolled in a year. This study was analyzed with 10% beneficiaries (730) data by the convenient purposeful sampling method. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 17 software. Results: The majority of the study subjects (34.7%) belonged to the age group of 40-59 years. The mean age was 38.6.More study subjects were males (55.1%). 99.9% of study subjects had come directly without any referral. 95.2% study subjects were orange ration card holders, 4.1% were yellow ration card holders.78.8% of study subjects got approval from RGJAY society, whereas pre authorization status was cancelled in13.6%.In total surgeries majority of the study subjects utilized orthopaedics surgery (16.3%).In total therapies majority utilized paediatric medical management (18.5%). In conservative management majority utilized cardiology (94.7%) and burns (5.2%). Conclusions: The majority of the study subjects belonged to the age group of 40-59 years. More were males. Majority had come directly without any referral. This reveals the increased awareness about RGJAY among people. This scheme is more utilized by orange ration card holders than yellow card holders. In total surgeries majority utilized orthopaedics surgery. In total therapies majority utilized paediatric medical management. In conservative management majority utilized cardiology and burns. 

Frequency of Thrombocytopenia in Neonatal Sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3381-3383
Author(s):  
Naheem Ahmed ◽  
Khawaja Tahir Aziz ◽  
Rashada Bibi ◽  
Munazza Nazir ◽  
Sadaf Nawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Hypertension ◽  
Neonatal Thrombocytopenia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To determine the frequency of neonatal thrombocytopenia among patients presented with sepsis at tertiary care Hospital. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of pediatrics SKBZ/CMH Muzaffarabad, during six months from September 2018 to March 2019. All the diagnosed septic neonates, age < 28 days and either gender were included. Their basic demographic data like age and gender, along with their contact details were taken. The sample of blood was sent in blood culture bottles to hospital laboratory to confirm bacterial growth, that was diagnosed as sepsis. Blood sample was sent to the hospital also to diagnose thrombocytopenia. Reports were consulted by the pathologist. All the data were collected by a structured study proforma. All data were entered and analyzed with the help of SPSS version 22. Results: The mean age of patients was 8.92 ± 5.40 days with minimum and maximum age as 1 and 27 days. There were 117(47.56%) males and 129(52.44%) female cases. A total of 40(16.26%) cases had their maternal hypertension, 54(21.95%) neonates had gram + and 157(63.82%) neonates had Gram negative. A total of 63(25.61%) cases had thrombocytopenia while 183(74.39%) neonates were seen without thrombocytopenia. The frequency of thrombocytopenia was statistically insignificant according to gender and types of culture (p->0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that frequency of thrombocytopenia in neonatal sepsis was found in a quarter of the cases. In neonatal sepsis, thrombocytopenia must be ruled out at patient’s presentation and must be treated as early as possible as thrombocytopenia is an independent risk factor for sepsis-associated mortality. Keywords: Incidence, thrombocytopenia, neonatal sepsis

scholarly journals Pattern of acne vulgaris in women, attending in a tertiary care hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
L Khondker ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MM Mahmud ◽  
MSI Khan ◽  
H Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meta Analyses

A cross-sectional study was carried out for a period of one year in the outpatient department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Seventy female patients having acne vulgaris were selected. The study showed that the mean age of the cases was 22.43 with standard deviation 5.2 years and highest percentage of patients were in the age group 20-24 years (41.4%), highest percentage of patients was unmarried among the cases (74.3%) and proportion of secondary (35.7%) and higher secondary education (20%) were found to be high among the cases. The study showed that proportion of student (65.7%) and housewife (17.1%) were found to be high among the cases. The mean duration of disease was 62.6 months and all the patients had presented with comedones (blackheads and whiteheads). All the patients had acne in the face and it was found that 60% had moderate type acne. Considering the pattern of treatment received, 42.9% of the patients mentioned that they used topical ointment, 37.1% had received herbal medication and 25.7% had received systemic medication. To get an overall impression of the country regarding acne vulgaris, more integrated study is needed. This was a study on a limited number of cases. Future studies must include economical support, then large sample size could be ensured and study finding would be more reliable. There is a great need of epidemiological studies also, with sufficient follow-up, systematic reviews and meta-analyses on this issue. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i1.12234 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2012; 18 (01): 18-23

scholarly journals Knowledge of COVID-19 among Health Care Workers at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (231) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Bhandari ◽  
Medha Sharma ◽  
Gentle Sundar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Health care workers are at higher risk of infection with the coronavirus disease as they are directly involved in the treatment of infected patients and perform aerosol-generating procedures. Proper knowledge of this disease can influence the positive attitude, good practices and enhance their safety. We aim to study the knowledge of COVID-19 among health care workers of the tertiary care hospital of Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among health care workers of Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre from May 20 to June 19, 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Board (IRB No: 4-2020). Written informed consent was taken from all respondents. Correct answers were summated to reflect the mean knowledge, expressed as a percentage. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. Results: The mean general knowledge score was 95.7%. The mean medical knowledge score was 70.5%. Only 42 (56.8%) of physicians and 103 (53.6%) of nurses had a higher level of medical knowledge regarding COVID-19. Likewise, very few lab technicians 7 (21.9%) and none of the pharmacists had a higher level of medical knowledge. Conclusions: The healthcare workers of this centre have adequate knowledge regarding COVID-19. However, periodic training for all workers, especially the nurses and allied workers, may help to update the knowledge and hence enhance their safety and that of their patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Drug Use Patterns in Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Rinku Ghimire ◽  
Rupesh Kumar Shreewastav
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
The Mean

Background: Prescription of rational drugs is needed to save critically ill patients. This study was conducted to assess the prescription patterns of drugs in the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among patients admitted in intensive care unit from March 2020 to February 2021 after approval from the Institutional Review Committee (ref no. 344 /2019). Demographic profile, prescription patterns, the average number of drugs used, route of administration, and duration of hospitalization were recorded based on the pre-structured questionnaires. Convenient sampling was chosen. Data were analyzed by SPSS, version 20. Results: Prescription patterns of 225 were analyzed. The mean age was 55.60 ± 20.16 years with a male predominance of 131(58.2%). Cardiac disorders 57(25.3%) were the most common admitting diagnosis followed by pulmonary, neurological, and kidney disorders. The average length of hospital stay was 4.14 days (range 1-38 days). A total of 887 drugs were prescribed. The mean number of drugs prescribed per patient was 7.71 ± 1.92. Parenteral drugs accounted for 81.39%. Antibiotics were prescribed to all patients. Intravenous fluids were given to 62.2% of patients, blood and blood products to 21.33%. Thromboprophylaxis was used in 15 (6.7%) patients. Seven hundred twenty-two (81.39%) drugs were injectables, 129(14.54%) were used by the oral or nasogastric route and 36 (4.05%) were inhaled drugs. Conclusion: Newer generations antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed drugs. Pantoprazole, Metoclopramide, and Hydrocortisone were the top three most commonly prescribed individual drugs. There was marked underuse of thromboprophylaxis, analgesics, and sedatives.  

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