scholarly journals SOCIAL IDEAS DISTRIBUTION IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Никита Николаевич Равочкин
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
World Systems Analysis

Многомерные и сложные изменения реалий, которые можно наблюдать в современной общественной жизни, происходят под влиянием множества самых различных факторов. Однако даже невзирая на произошедший в социальных науках идеационный поворот, большинство исследователей все еще настаивают на материалистических интерпретациях этих процессов. Неполнота таких объяснений соответствующим образом порождает пробелы, которые требуют нетривиального и своевременного социально-философского осмысления. Включение идеальных параметров способно преодолеть порочный круг, заданный пониманием трансформационных процессов через многочисленные материальные изменения. Настоящая статья посвящена рассмотрению дистрибуции социальных идей как самостоятельного фактора, объясняющего преобразования в современном мире. Теоретико-методологическую базу исследования составили современные научные работы и разработанный автором мультипарадигмальный подход изучения социальных преобразований, учитывающий положения акторносетевой теории, неоинституционализма, мир-системного анализа, нарративного подхода, теории фреймов и ряда других исследовательских установок. Определено, что дистрибуция социальных идей уходит корнями еще в античные социально-философские концепции, но обретает действенную мощь лишь в Новое время. Показана тесная связь понимания дистрибуции идей с рациональной деятельностью. Выявлено, что в современном мире на основании комбинирования традиционных методов транслирования идей акторы все чаще прибегают к их сочетанию с психологическими знаниями и компьютерными технологиями. На основе анализа современности установлено, что неиссякаемый плюрализм методов дистрибуции и переход в иррациональную плоскость дает больший прагматический эффект и в духе классической праксиологии позволяет оптимизировать ресурсы, используемые влиятельными субъектами при дистрибуции идей в процессе инициирования и проведения социальных преобразований. Multidimensional and complex changes in realities that can be observed in contemporary social life occur under the influence of many very different factors, but even despite the ideational turn that has taken place in the social sciences, most researchers still insist on materialistic interpretations of these processes. The incompleteness of such explanations accordingly generates gaps that require nontrivial and timely socio-philosophical reflection. The inclusion of ideal parameters is able to overcome the vicious circle set by the understanding of transformational processes through numerous material changes. This article is devoted to the consideration of the distribution of social ideas as an independent factor explaining transformations in the contemporary world. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was made up of modern scientific works and a multi-paradigm approach to the study of social transformations developed by the author, taking into account the provisions of the actor-network theory, neoinstitutionalism, world-systems analysis, the narrative approach, the theory of frames, and a number of other research strategies. It has been established that the distribution of social ideas is rooted in ancient socio-philosophical concepts, but gains effective power only in Modernity period. The close connection between understanding the distribution of ideas and rational activity is shown. It was revealed that in the contemporary world, on the basis of a combination of traditional methods of broadcasting ideas, actors increasingly resort to their combination with psychological knowledge and computer technologies. Based on the analysis of the contemporary period, it has been established that the inexhaustible pluralism of distribution methods and the transition to an irrational plane gives a greater pragmatic effect and, in the spirit of classical praxeology, allows to optimize the resources used by influential actors in the distribution of ideas in the process of initiating and carrying out social transformations.

scholarly journals SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IMPLEMENTATION INTELLIGENT PRODUCTS: IDEAS VS IDEOLOGIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Никита Николаевич Равочкин
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Competitive Products ◽  
World Systems Analysis ◽  
Unambiguous Conclusion

Реалии современной общественной жизни, формирующиеся под влиянием множества самых различных вызовов и вдобавок ко всему пребывающие в состоянии турбулентности ввиду нелинейности мира, требуют нетривиальных и своевременных ответов. Предназначение современных общественных наук видится в необходимости реализации не только лишь теоретического, но и прикладного потенциала. Сети интеллектуалов призваны создавать конкурентоспособные продукты, отражающие результаты их мыслительной деятельности, которые бы при этом обеспечивали эволюционное развитие того или иного общества. Статья посвящена рассмотрению давнего спора о том, какой из интеллектуальных продуктов, идеи или идеологии, наиболее эффективен с позиции осуществления социальных преобразований. Теоретико-методологическую базу исследования составили компаративистский метод и разработанная автором интегральная концепция изучения социальных преобразований, учитывающая положения акторно-сетевой теории, неоинституционализма, мир-системного анализа, нарративного подхода, теории фреймов и ряда других исследовательских установок. Рассмотрена сущность идей и идеологий. Показаны механизмы создания данных интеллектуальных продуктов. На основе анализа исторических фактов, связанных с идейной детерминацией процессов социальных преобразований, автор приходит к однозначному выводу о большей эффективности идей перед идеологиями. The realities of contemporary social life, which are formed under the influence of many different challenges and, in addition, are in a state of turbulence due to the nonlinearity of the world, require non-trivial and timely responses. The purpose of contemporary social sciences is seen in the need to realize not only theoretical, but also applied potential. Intellectuals' networks are called upon to create competitive products reflecting the results of their mental activity, which would at the same time ensure the evolutionary development of a society. The article is devoted to consideration of a long-standing dispute about which of the intellectual products, ideas or ideology, is the most effective from the standpoint of implementing social transformations. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was formed by the comparative method and the integral concept of the study of social transformations developed by the author, taking into account the provisions of the actor-network theory, neoinstitutionalism, world-systems analysis, the narrative approach, the theory of frames, and a number of other research attitudes. The essence of ideas and ideologies is considered. Mechanisms for creating data for intellectual products are shown. Based on the analysis of historical facts related to the ideological determination of the processes of social transformations, the author comes to an unambiguous conclusion about the greater efficiency of ideas over ideologies.

scholarly journals The tech entrepreneur in Colombia: a discussion of actor-network-theory, Lacanian theory and social imaginaries

Digithum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Camilo Santiesteban
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Young Student ◽  
Empirical Reality ◽  
Social Imaginaries ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Bill Gates ◽  
Lacanian Theory

The figure of the tech entrepreneur has gained special relevance in the contemporary world. Recognized stories of success such as those of Steve Jobs, Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg have popularized worldwide the imagination of the young student who starts a garage company with nothing more than his own passion, intelligence and determination, and becomes a global celebrity and a billionaire in just a few years. Nevertheless, the discourses and cultural productions that shape this figure do not always adhere to empirical consequences and factual data, but in fact, are the result of some processes determined by the desires and dreams of those who construct and transmit it (entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship gurus and experts, advertisers, government agencies, etc.), as well as those who consume it (young people with entrepreneurial aspirations). In this process of analyzing the “material/empiric” dimension of the figure of the tech entrepreneur in contrast with the “symbolic/imaginary” dimension, this article proposes a theoretical discussion between the Actor-Network-Theory, the Lacanian psychoanalysis and the Social Imaginaries theory. Based on the work by Lacan, Latour and Taylor and recurring to interviews applied to tech entrepreneurs in Colombia in different stages of development, it is concluded that the symbolic/imaginary dimension plays a fundamental role in structuring the contemporary figure of the tech entrepreneur with important implications at the level of the material/empirical reality, insofar as it shapes actions and objects. Thus, the Lacanian theory and the Social Imaginaries constitute two fundamental frameworks of analysis that contribute to understanding more comprehensively how the tech sector works as well as what sort of technological objects are created.

The Modern World-System IV: Centrist Liberalism Triumphant, 1789–1914, Immanuel Wallerstein, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Khachaturian
Keyword(s):  
World System ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Modern World ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Alternative Mode ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Immanuel Wallerstein ◽  
World Systems Analysis ◽  
Systems Framework

AbstractThe book continues Immanuel Wallerstein’s historical narrative of the modern world-system. It focuses primarily on the social and political developments in the European core during the nineteenth century, tracing the rise of liberal hegemony, the growth of the administrative state, and the emergence of modern social science. It also examines the rise of anti-systemic socialist, feminist, and nationalist movements that challenged the liberal project. The book successfully illustrates how the world-systems framework can be used to analyse the intersection between the national and the international spheres. Through its historical critique of the human sciences, it also makes an effective case for the viability of world-systems analysis as an alternative mode of critical social-scientific inquiry.

scholarly journals POLIS AS A MODEL FOR ASSEMBLING THE «SOCIAL» IN EARLY GREEK PHILOSOPHY

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-214
Author(s):  
Сергей Валентинович Рассадин
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
European Tradition ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Social Views

Обострившиеся в условиях глобализации социальные конфликты демонстрируют перманентную проблемность «социального» как феномена. Концептуальное оформление данного феномена во многом определяет не только понимание, но и варианты последующих социальных трансформаций. При этом устойчивость многих социальных интеллектуальных построений на протяжении столетий не вызывает сомнений. Актуальность наиболее ранних социальных представлений, которые во многом предзадали европейскую традицию социальной мысли тем самым очевидна. Анализируется генезис социальных идей в ранней греческой философии. Автор эксплицирует «протосоциальные» воззрения в творчестве ряда досократических мыслителей. В исследовании используются методы дискурсивного анализа и акторно-сетевой теории. В результате проведённого теоретического изыскания выявлены наиболее значимые механизмы генезиса «социального» в начале европейской интеллектуальной традиции. The aggravated social conflicts in the context of globalization demonstrate the permanent problematic nature of the «social» as a phenomenon. The conceptual design of this phenomenon largely determines not only understanding, but also options for subsequent social transformations. At the same time, the stability of many social intellectual constructions over the centuries is beyond doubt. The relevance of the earliest social concepts, which in many ways foreshadowed the European tradition of social thought, is thus obvious. The genesis of social ideas in early Greek philosophy is analyzed. The author explicates «social» views in the works of a number of pre-Socratic thinkers. The work uses the methods of discourse analysis and actor-network theory. As a result of the theoretical study, the most significant mechanisms of the genesis of the «social» at the beginning of the European intellectual tradition have been identified.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION OF PSYCHOLOGY AS A SPHERE OF THINKING ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-45
Author(s):  
A. Furman ◽  
O. Furman
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
The Individual

The methodological research is devoted to the substantiation of an alternative view on psychology as a universum of human life activity and thus as on a special worldview and on the ability to see everything in focus of human. This alternativity is based on the well-known idea of G. P. Shchedrovytsky, expressed in 1980, to consider psychology not as a science that has its own subject and method, but as “the whole world, perceived from a certain point of view.” It is argued that such a broad understanding of psychology as a sphere of thinking-activity, firstly, does not deny the scientific (object-subject) method to its multidisciplinary development, although it indicates its reduction filters and explanatory limitations, and secondly, reveals a universal way to expand the competent horizon of the influence of psychology on personal and social life and cultural development of citizens and all mankind. The author’s cyclic-deed approach became a complex tool for solving the last supertask, which made it possible to substantially detalize the canonical organizational scheme of V. A. Romenets’ deed deployment in the form of four thematic research strategies of personal thinking-activity. In particular, at the stage of the situation the field of psychology is covered as the interpenetration of different rational humanistic knowledge and psychological work of any content and direction, original worldview and anthropocentric thinking-activity and as a result of the ubiquitous form of constructing social environment and way of human’s life realization, which is explained by such innovative epistemic products as the scheme of thinking-activity, a six-level model of professional methodologization, a paradigmatic-research map, etc. At the stage of motivation, this area should get rid of the existing spontaneity and get a clear methodological organization that would harmonize psychological researches, design and methodical developments, techniques and practices into a single covital organism of development of all psycho-spiritually oriented thinking-activity, which, in turn, would stimulate socio-cultural approval of such basic components of spherical psychologization as work, thought communication, reflective activity, thinking, thinking-activity. The stage of action is a responsible for everyone and for all period of consolidation in the individual and mass consciousness of psychology understanding as an already formed and developed sphere of thinking-activity, which overcomes the narrow framework of purely natural-scientific consideration of psycho-spiritual reality and is primarily interested in the intentions, goals and values of psychological work fulfillment in four dimensions (development of psychological knowledge, pure thinking, thinking-activity, and use of psychological toolkit) and in five basic types (theoretical, research-design, applied, empirical, psychocultural). The content of the post-action stage should be a continuous and almost total reflection of individual, collective and social thinking-activity creation of a multifaceted world of psychological practice and thus gaining new knowledge and competencies and enriching the experience of psychological work of all who belong to this field. Finally, mainly for the sake of applied visualization of the advocated ideas, concepts and methodologems, a detailed characteristic of the situational, motivational, active and post-action components of the educational content of the newly created author’s program in the discipline “Psychology as a sphere of thinking-activity” was carried out, which has been successfully implemented for several years in the preparation of doctors of philosophy in psychology.

The Sociology of Meditation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Pagis
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
People Search ◽  
Contemporary Practice ◽  
Globalized World

Sociologists study meditation as a social phenomenon, utilizing the contemporary practice of meditation as a window to larger questions about social life and organization in the contemporary world. This chapter illustrates how meditation serves as a new institution and social sphere that balances the “secular” and the “mystical” as well as “being together” and “being alone.” It embraces rising individualization and secularization, yet it is based on collective, joint circles where affective effervescence is produced and where people search for experiences that can be categorized as mystical, transformative, or therapeutic. The studies introduced in this chapter focus on three themes: meditation practice as a religious and spiritual phenomenon embedded in the contemporary world with its themes of individualization, secularization, and religious syncretism; the popularization of meditation as a social movement in a globalized world; and the micro-social world of meditation practice, focusing on social relations and the social self.

Towards a Spectral Theory of World Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-68
Author(s):  
Karim Mattar
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Theory ◽  
European Society ◽  
World Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Miguel De Cervantes ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Stage Play ◽  
World Systems Analysis

In the Introduction, I provide a detailed exposition of my spectral theory of world literature. After discussing the parameters of the contemporary world literature debate, I then seek to redress what I note has been its general lack of attention to the concept of “literature” on which Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s and Karl Marx’s original formulations of a “world literature” were founded. I outline a genealogy of this concept that traces it back to the conditions of European society in the early 19th century, and on these grounds suggest that global capitalist modernity be identified as the repressed origin and condition of possibility of world literature. From here, I proceed to elaborate on the historical constitution of world literature with reference to world-systems analysis, Orientalism, and the theory of spectrality. I argue that premised on their superseding of alternate global practices and modalities of “literature” and “the literary” in modernity, yet always-already haunted by these, world literature and its forms – the novel, the lyric poem, and the stage play – are constituted in the logic of spectrality. To flesh out this argument, I demonstrate the spectral infection and inflection of the novel form itself as initiated by Miguel de Cervantes.

scholarly journals Equalising the Gender: A Study on Women and Transwomen Enterprises in Kerala

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Akhila E. ◽  
Ursula V. A.
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Group Movement ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Social ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Help Group

<p>The study is focusing on the impact that the entrepreneurship made on the social life of women as well as transwomen in Kerala, India. The Kudumbashree Mission of Kerala, which is a self-help group movement for women in the state is one of the efforts that running successfully since 1998 achieving the gender equality in all the walks of life through women empowerment. Kudumbashree is also showing a model by defining the womanhood in a wider perspective by including the transwomen. It is a novel and path-breaking initiative by Kudumbashree to start micro enterprises for transwomen. The success stories of Kudumbashree women enterprises are model to the country in its role to empower the women. The present study particularly focuses on the impact that the enterprises made on the social life of women as well as transwomen in terms of recognition, reception and reward. The study followed a narrative approach to draw the lived experiences of the participants who selected purposively from the Kozhikode District of Kerala State. <em></em></p>

scholarly journals Big Data in the Context of Studying Problems of Modern Society

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Social

The article is devoted to the analysis of the social consequences of the rapid dissemination of big data that gradually leads to the formation of a new phase of the evolutionary development of civilization - a datafied society. It is shown that the main factor in social transformations is datafication, which involves the transition to a quantitative form (into “data”) of all phenomena and aspects of the world around us, even those that were previously understood as purely “qualitative”, not quantifiable: human actions, relationships, desires, moods, etc. In this context, the interpretation of “data” is changing, they cease to be what is given, what exists independently of anything. Today, data is “produced”, “extracted” from social life. Moreover, their production is determined by two factors: 1) the external infrastructure with which they are collected, processed and stored; 2) the specifics of generating their value, including primarily monetization, and in addition, means of state control, cultural production, and civic opportunities. Today, more and more people are talking about the development of a new area of ​​intelligent data analysis, called “life mining”, which means extracting patterns from combined digital footprints left by people on the Internet and predicting real results based on them: future actions and emotional states; restoration of missing information, for example, personal information that a person would not want to make public. The existence of “life mining” tools and their wider application leads to the massive appropriation of social life by those who possess big data, to the formation of the phenomenon of data dictatorship. In this regard, there is an urgent need to involve sociologists in discussions concerning the social consequences of big data, as well as in predicting the possible ways for society to develop, since without this, resistance to those who want to establish a data dictatorship and create a society of unprecedented supervision and control is impossible.

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