scholarly journals POLITICAL AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS IDEAL DETERMINATION ROLE FOR MODERN WORLD DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Никита Николаевич Равочкин
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
World Development ◽  
Auxiliary Role

Произошедший в социальных науках идеационный поворот способствовал усилению внимания к идеям и повышению их роли в самых различных процессах. Несмотря на отмеченную тенденцию большинство отечественных исследователей до сих склоняются к материальным интерпретациям, отводя идеям в лучшем случае вспомогательную роль. Обращение внимания к идейной детерминации институциональных преобразований в политико-правовой сфере представляет чрезвычайную значимость по ряду причин: (1) данные институты до сих пор занимают ведущее место среди прочих установлений, предлагая надежные объяснения развития конкретных обществ; (2) интеллектуальные ресурсы в контексте современного мира обладают несомненными преимуществами перед материальными условиями, поскольку сегодня далеко не всегда ресурсное изобилие коррелирует с эволюционной траекторией развития государств; (3) идеи трансграничны и трансисторичны, а содержащиеся в них смыслы легко операционализируются и адаптируются под необходимые реалии. Настоящая статья посвящена прикладному значению идей, которые воплощаются в политико-правовых институциональных формах как решающих структурах мирового развития. Обоснована значимость идей в контексте современного мира. Показано, что критическое отношение к односторонним концепциям позволяет создавать альтернативные сценарии мирового развития. Выявлена значимость учета адаптации содержания интеллектуальных конструктов для политико-правовых институтов в их взаимосвязи с последствиями для других сфер общественной жизни. В логике авторского подхода рассмотрены примеры идейной детерминации политико-правовых институциональных преобразований с учетом ведущих мегатрендов современности. Актуализирован междисциплинарный поиск в прикладных контекстах как ведущее направление сегодняшней социальной философии. Приведены соображения по поводу поливариантности мирового развития и необходимости адаптации конфигураций передовых идей под множественные цивилизационные геномы, что позволяет исключить устаревшую дихотомию «Запад - Незапад». В заключение обобщаются основные выводы и подводятся итоги исследования. The ideational turn that has taken place in the social sciences has contributed to an increased attention to ideas and an increase in their role in a variety of processes. Despite the noted tendency, the majority of Russian researchers are still inclined towards material interpretations, assigning ideas, at best, to an auxiliary role. Paying attention to the ideological determination of institutional transformations in the political and legal sphere is of extreme importance for a number of reasons: (1) these institutions still occupy a leading place among other institutions, offering reliable explanations for the development of specific societies; (2) intellectual resources in the context of the modern world have undoubted advantages over material conditions, since today resource abundance does not always correlate with the evolutionary trajectory of development of states; (3) ideas are transboundary and transhistorical, and the meanings contained in them are easily operationalized and adapted to the necessary realities. This article is devoted to the applied meaning of ideas that are embodied in political and legal institutional forms as decisive structures of world development. The significance of ideas in the context of the modern world has been substantiated. It is shown that a critical attitude to one-sided concepts allows one to create alternative scenarios of world development. Revealed the importance of taking into account the adaptation of the content of intellectual constructs for political and legal institutions in their relationship with the consequences for other spheres of public life. In the logic of the author's approach, examples of ideological determination of political and legal institutional transformations are considered, taking into account the leading megatrends of our time. The interdisciplinary search in applied contexts as the leading direction of today's social philosophy has been updated. Considerations are given about the polyvariety of world development and the need to adapt the configurations of advanced ideas for multiple civilizational genomes, which makes it possible to exclude the outdated dichotomy «West-Non-West». In conclusion, the main findings are summarized and the results of the study are summed up.

Charisma and social phenomenology: Gerda Walther, Herman Schmalenbach and Aron Gurwitsch

2021 ◽  
pp. 1468795X2110496
Author(s):  
Dominik Zelinsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Emotional Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
Charismatic Authority ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Aron Gurwitsch ◽  
Social Phenomenology

This paper explores the contribution of early social phenomenologists working in the 1920s and 1930s in Germany to charisma theory. Specifically, I focus on the works of Gerda Walther, Herman Schmalenbach and Aron Gurwitsch, whose work is now being re-appreciated in the field of social philosophy. Living in the interbellum German-speaking space, these authors were keenly interested in the issue of charismatic authority and leadership introduced into the social sciences by Max Weber, with whom they engaged in an indirect intellectual dialogue. I argue that their phenomenological background equipped them well to understand the intricacies of the experiential and emotional dimension of charisma, and that their insights remain valid even a century after they have been first published.

scholarly journals THE NOTIONS «MECHANISM» AND «ORGANISM» IN THE SOCIAL ONTOLOGY OF S.L. FRANK

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-141
Author(s):  
Виктор Александрович Куприянов
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Ontology ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
General Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Xixth Century ◽  
Social Organism ◽  
Organic Theory

Статья посвящена анализу понятий «механизм» и «организм» в социальной философии С.Л. Франка. Социально-философская концепция Франка помещается в широкий контекст философии XIX-начала XX вв. В статье исследуются связи социальной философии Франка и органических теорий государства и общества. Автор статьи приводит обзор органических теорий: демонстрируется их генезис в немецком классическом идеализме и анализируются подходы, наиболее распространенные в XIX в. В статье обосновывается, что органические теории государства исторически связаны с телеологией И. Канта. Именно в философии Канта впервые появляется важное для философии XIX в. противопоставление организма и механизма. В статье указывается, что специфика этого подхода заключается не столько в естественнонаучной аналогии, сколько в интерпретации отношений части и целого. Автор показывает, что оппозиция механизма и организма сыграла важную роль в истории органических представлений об обществе. Русская социально-философская и политологическая мысль рассматривается в контексте общего развития социальных наук XIX в. Русские философы и обществоведы позаимствовали из западной философии идею оппозиции социального механизма и органицизма. На этой основе в России были выработаны аналогичные философско-правовые концепции, которые также можно отнести к традиции органицизма. Автор относит социально-философскую концепцию С.Л. Франка также к указанной традиции социального органицизма. В статье приводится реконструкция социальной философии Франка и отмечается, что его подход близок к идеям, получившим развитие в немецком классической идеализме. Указывается, что Франк критиковал не органическую теорию как таковую, а распространенную в его время натуралистическую концепцию, отождествлявшую общество с организмом. В этой связи автор показывает вклад Франка в историю органических представлений об обществе. The article is devoted to the analysis of the notions «mechanism» and «organism» in S.L. Frank’s social philosophy. The sociophilosophical conception of S.L. Frank is considered in the context of the philosophy of the XIXth - beginning of the XXth centuries. The article deals with the relations of S.L. Frank’s philosophy to the organic theories of society. The author gives an overview of the organic theories: their genesis in the German idealism and analysis of the widespread approaches in the XIXth century philosophy. The article shows that the organic theories were historically connected with the teleology of I. Kant. I. Kant was the first to propose the very opposition of organism and mechanism. The author points out that the speceficity of this approach consists rather in the interpretation of the relations between the part and the whole, than in the scientific analogy. The author shows that this opposition played a significant role in the organic theory of society. Russian social philosophy and political science are considered in the general context of the social sciences of the XIXth century. Russian philosophers and social sciences borrowed the idea of mechanism and organism from the western philosophy. Based on this approach they developed their own conceptions which can also be referred to the organic tradition. The author refers S.L. Frank’s social philosophy to the tradition of social organism. The article reconstructs the Frank’s social philosophy and points out that his approach is derived from the German classical idealism. It is shown that Frank did not criticized the very organic theory, his criticism was directed against naturalistic theories of his time. The author of the article shows the Frank’s contribution to the organic theory of society.

scholarly journals Futures Narratives, Possible Worlds, Big Stories: Causal Layered Analysis and the Problems of Youth

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cate Watson
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Possible Worlds ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Causal Layered Analysis ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
Causal Variables

Narratives of the future can be seen as a form of colonialisation, structuring fields of discourse, in a process which Johan Galtung (cited in Andersson, 2006) refers to as ‘chronological imperialism’. However, futures narratives can also be used to disrupt these attempts at colonialisation through surfacing problematic assumptions in order to explore alternative scenarios. In this paper I first consider modal narratives and possible worlds and their relevance to the social sciences. I then discuss Sohail Inayatullah's ‘Causal Layered Analysis’ (CLA) - a narrative technique for constructing past and present and imagining the future. CLA draws on a ‘poststructural toolbox’ to examine problematic issues using a process which focuses on four levels of analysis: litany (the official public description of the issue); social science analysis (which attempts to articulate causal variables); discourse analysis or prevailing worldview; and myth/metaphor analysis. The aim is to disrupt current discourses which have become sedimented into practice and so open up space for the construction of alternative scenarios. In the third part I demonstrate how this approach can be used to examine ‘big issues’ taking as my example the current preoccupation with troubled and troublesome youth.

Indigenising Eurocentric sociology: The ‘captive mind’ and five decades of sociology in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeanyi Onwuzuruigbo
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Sociological Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Material Conditions

Over the years, the social sciences and related disciplines in postcolonial societies have agitated against the dominant Eurocentric mode of knowledge production. In this case, the grouse against Eurocentric knowledge production is that it undermines attempts at indigenising Eurocentric sociology in Nigeria. This article is an engagement with efforts to evolve a Nigerian sociology. It draws upon the concept of the captive mind, developed by Syed Hussein Alatas, a Southeast Asian intellectual, to critically explore the indigenisation of sociology in Nigeria. In doing so, the article explores the development and entrenchment of Eurocentric sociology as well as attempts at indigenising it over five decades of the production of sociological knowledge in Nigerian universities. It portrays the ways in which the ‘captive’ Nigerian sociologists, students of sociology and the antagonistic material conditions of producing and propagating knowledge connive against the indigenisation of sociology in Nigeria.

Philosophy as Social Philosophy

Philosophy ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 42 (159) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Haines
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Philosopher ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
Second World

Just before the second world war, in a paper read to the British Association, Morris Ginsberg talked about the failure of social philosophy and the social sciences to work together in the universities ‘toward the rational ordering of society’. Some time after the war Alexander Macbeath complained to British sociologists of his own vain search for a social philosopher who could teach in a course on public administration. Then a few years later A. E. Teale told an inter-professional conference at Keele that people who teach and train teachers, those who train social workers of all kinds, were disappointed when philosophers professed themselves unable to help those who had to ‘equip students with the skill to change prevailing moral attitudes and standards’.

scholarly journals THE ESSENCE OF «SOCIAL ANXIETY» AND ITS PLACE IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
I.S. Duisenova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Anxieties ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The study of social anxieties requires careful research due to the development of modern society. Modern Kazakh society is unique in its own way,and besides, it is not without causes of social anxiety. Moreover, a comprehensive study of social anxieties provides a person with broad opportunities for knowledge and creativity. On the other hand, the coronavirus pandemic has made its own adjustments to the modern world, which is unstable in its development, it remains uncertain and unpredictable, which does not allow a person to feel completely protected, and this all creates anxiety.

scholarly journals Contributions of Muslim Women in Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqra Khan, Maryam Bibi, Muhammad Amin
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Realistic Approach ◽  
Future Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Patterned Structures

The term education has been the living phenomena among the social and cultural lives of the human body that derives the crucial needs and necessities of the modern world. This could be considered as the realistic approach to say- as education provided the positive barrier between the old and new learnings to help bring out the development in the logical and literal minds. The fundamental requirements of education result the possibility when its acquirements are made reachable to the deserving hands. Education is hence freed from all the discrimination and racial comments- welcomes the technological and scientific learnings to those who seeks for it. As, for men, education has been the revolving agenda to succeed in the rushing world and as it’s similar for the women of every religion and culture. With the rising inventions and prominent technological factors, the demanding scope for the educational promotions established the future needs. This need in an outcome prevailed the exceeding desires of women to work side by side with men and to meet the necessities of the coming age. The patterned structures that the society follows, advances the efforts of men rather than women and if it belongs to any religion, Muslim women are the first to face the discriminative attitudes in the work places and learning institutes. But to count their efforts in an extensive manner, there are many of the Muslim women who took charge in the advancement of the technological and the social sciences. This article aims at the perpetual challenges and contributions of Muslim women in their respective work areas. The problems and hurdles they experienced at the social and cultural surroundings. The main objective of this paper is to highlight the difficulties and hardships of Muslim women all around the world and the challenging atmospheres they worked in while giving their utmost for the betterment of society  

scholarly journals Seeking God's shalom in South African cities through a new glocal togetherness

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatius W. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
South African ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Missio Dei ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
The Social ◽  
African Context ◽  
South African Cities ◽  
Globalising World

The objective of this article is to clearly reflect the reality of our modern world experiencing the convergence of two mighty movements meeting and flowing into each other. The first stream is the tidal wave of people migrating to the urban centres of our globalising world. The second stream is the result of a massive shift in the centre of Christianity away from its traditional rootedness in Western Christendom. The biggest challenge of our time is for this Christian Church, still stuck in the prevailing Christendom paradigm, to wake up to and actively engage this new post-Christendom context. This article would like to draw specific attention to the South African context where the traditional Western and now developing Southern Christianity find a common Developing World intersection. As ‘pilgrims or exiles’ that is facing a strange and confronting new world, the Western Church should accept the new missiological challenge that globalisation and urbanisation presents. The Western Church must heed a very urgent call to stay relevant and be actively involved in God’s global missio Dei currently unfolding in our world. The only way for the Christian Church to be local instruments of God’s Kingdom in a new urban world, is to actively seek a new glocal togetherness.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The Western theological academy needs to urgently engage the social sciences in order to cooperate and collaborate in all areas of urban and social development, urban planning, community development and even urban advocacy for the needs of the urban poor and marginalised. The Christian Church, as God’s ‘missionary people’, is Biblically mandated and spiritually equipped to be actively involved in the urban challenges that globalisation and urbanisation present.

Money

2018 ◽  
pp. 172-190
Author(s):  
Leda Maria Paulani
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
International Monetary System ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
First Century ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Fictitious Capital ◽  
The Social ◽  
Value Of Money

This chapter explains Marx’s concept of money and how it is fundamentally different from other concepts of money in the social sciences. Money is a contradictory object that can be fully understood only through a dialectical approach. Failure to acknowledge the contradictory constitution of money leads to a theoretical misunderstanding of what money in capitalism is. In this regard, the Neoclassical and Keynesian approaches to money are incomplete and inadequate. But the Marxist theory of money also faces its twenty-first-century challenges, among them two in particular: the determination of the value of money and how inconvertible money can function as a measure of value. The last part of the chapter explains how inconvertible money operates in our contemporary international monetary system and how it relates to the existence of fictitious capital.

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