scholarly journals The Importance of CT Pneumocolon in Detecting Colonic Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Saadoon Zghair Haidar Al –Yassen ◽  
◽  
Mansour Edan Dawood ◽  
Mustafa Abdulkareem Salman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasms ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colonic Carcinoma ◽  
Colorectal Carcinomas

Background: Colonic masses are clinically important because some of them are malignant and others have a tendency to become malignant such as polyps. CT pneumocolon may have a role in the evaluation and diagnosis of these masses. Objective: To determine the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) pmeumocolon in the detection of colonic masses compared with colonoscopy. Patients and Methods: A total of 60 patients with colorectal symptoms underwent evaluation for the presence of colorectal neoplasms by using both colonoscopy and CT pneumocolon and a comparison was made between them. Results: On colonoscopy, 10 out of 60 patients were having a negative colonoscopy. The results of colonoscopy of the other 50 patients were as follow; three out of fifty colonoscopies revealed invasive colorectal carcinomas in threse patients. The remaining 47 colonoscopies for 47 patients revealed benign polyps. The sizes of these polyps were as follows; (6 polyps were ˃1 cm in diameter), (17 polyps were 6-9 mm), and (24 polyps were ≤5 mm). CT pneumocolon detected all 3 malignant masses seen and biopsied by colonoscopy, but only (28 single polyps) which according to their size (4 polyps were ≥ 1cm), (11 polyps were 6-9 mm) and (13 polyps ≤5 mm), this gives CT pneumocolon a sensitivity of (63%), specificity of (70%) and accuracy (63%). Conclusion: CT pneumocolon has high sensitivity and specificity for a detection of large-sized masses, but not for small ones. CT pneumocolon may be suitable for investigating patients with symptomatic colorectal masses noninvasively. Keywords: Pneumocolon, colonoscopy, polyp, colonic carcinoma

Pearls and Pitfalls of Interpretation in CT Colonography

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
Michael Schonberger ◽  
Philippe Lefere ◽  
Abraham H. Dachman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Ct Colonography ◽  
False Negative ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
The Common

The accuracy of computed tomography (CT) colonography (CTC) requires that the radiologist be well trained in the recognition of pitfalls of interpretation. In order to achieve a high sensitivity and specificity, the interpreting radiologist must be well versed in the causes of both false-positive and false-negative results. In this article, we review the common and uncommon pitfalls of interpretation in CTC.

Breast Scintigraphy with 199Tl in Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 1084 ◽  
pp. 361-364
Author(s):  
Anna Titskaya ◽  
Vladimir Chernov ◽  
Elena Slonimskaya ◽  
Ivan Sinilkin ◽  
Roman Zelchan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
Breast Scintigraphy

To study the diagnostic capabilities of emission single photon computed tomography with 199Tl in imaging of breast cancer 90 women with breast diseases were included in the study. During the research high indications of specificity 96.7% were obtained in the detection of breast cancer. The sensitivity of breast cancer visualization was 95%, while in the detection of tumors smaller than 10mm, the sensitivity was 75%, in detecting tumors more than 10mm - 98%. Considering the high sensitivity and specificity of SPECT with 199Tl, we can recommend the use of this method as an additional diagnostic criterion in cases where other methods of radiation diagnosis and the results of morphological studies do not provide a clear answer.

Diagnostic efficacy of joint ultrasonography, dual-energy computed tomography and minimally invasive arthroscopy on knee gouty arthritis, a comparative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200493
Author(s):  
Yuesheng Xie ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Riqiang Luo ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Double Contour

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of minimally invasive arthroscopy for knee gout when comparing with joint ultrasonography and dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). Methods: From January 2016 to December 2018, 121 inpatients with knee joint swelling and pain were prospectively enrolled, including 63 gout patients and 58 non-gout patients. All patients underwent pre-operative ultrasonography and DECT to evaluate knee joint monosodium urate (MSU) deposits, followed by minimally invasive arthroscopy. The gold-standard for gout diagnosis was defined as the detection of MSU crystals in the synovial fluid under polarizing microscopic or pathological analysis. Results: The diagnostic results of ultrasonic double contour sign, hyperechogenic foci, MSU deposition (detected by DECT), MSU deposition (detected by arthroscopy) and MSU deposition in cartilage (detected by arthroscopy) were significantly associated with that of the gold-standard. Except for hyperechogenic foci, the other four indexes had high sensitivity and specificity (approximately or over 80%) and a large odds ratio (OR) (14.73 to 36.56), indicating good diagnostic performance. Detection of MSU deposition in cartilage by arthroscopy had a good diagnostic agreement with the ultrasonic double contour sign (κ = 0.711, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Joint ultrasonography, DECT, and minimally invasive arthroscopy had high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of knee gouty arthritis. Minimally invasive arthroscopy was superior to joint ultrasonography and DECT, which can be a useful supplement for the diagnosis of gout. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study comparing the diagnostic performance for knee gout among the joint ultrasonography, DECT, and minimally invasive arthroscopy.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and Specificity of Sheard and Percival’s Criteria for the Diagnosis of Young People with Near-heterophoria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1128-1134
Author(s):  
Saif Hassan Alrasheed ◽  
Amel Mohamed Yousif ◽  
Majid A. Moafa ◽  
Abd Elaziz Mohamed Elmadina ◽  
Mohammad Alobaid
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Low Sensitivity

BACKGROUND: Sheard and Percival assumed that symptoms from latent strabismus can be avoided if the relevant fusional vergence is adequate to support the heterophoria. AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of Sheard’s and Percival’s criterion for the diagnosis of heterophoria. METHODS: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was performed at Al-Neelain Eye Hospital Khartoum, Sudan from February to October 2019. Heterophoria was measured using Maddox Wing and fusional vergence using a prism bar. Thereafter, Sheard’s and Percival’s criteria were used for the diagnosis of heterophoria. RESULTS: A total of 230 participants (age = 15–30 years; mean age = 19.34 ± 3.325 years) were recruited for this study. The Sheard’s criteria showed a high sensitivity of 87.2% and a low specificity of 8.0% for the diagnosing of exophoria, with positive and negative predictive values of 65.5% and 26%, respectively. The criteria showed a relatively low sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 9.0% in the diagnosis of esophoria, with a positive and negative predictive values of 56% and 20%, respectively. Percival criteria showed high sensitivity 84.2% and low specificity 9.1% in diagnosing esophoria, with a positive and negative predictive value of 61.5% and 25%, respectively. On the other hand, the criteria showed low sensitivity 67.4% and specificity 13.8% in diagnosing exophoria, with positive and negative predictive value 61.9% and 17%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Sheard’s and Percival’s criteria are useful in diagnosing binocular vision problems. Sheard’s criteria are accurate in diagnosing near exophoria and Percival’s criteria are more accurate in diagnosing near esophoria. Therefore, these criteria provide good clues and predictions for the diagnosis of binocular vision problems.

scholarly journals The Reliability and Accuracy of Palpation, Radiography, and Sonography for the Detection of Keel Bone Damage

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnea M. Tracy ◽  
S. Mieko Temple ◽  
Darin C. Bennett ◽  
Kim A. Sprayberry ◽  
Maja M. Makagon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specialized Training ◽  
Popular Method ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Damage Types ◽  
Portable Radiography

Palpation is the most popular method of measuring keel bone damage on live birds, although it has been criticized for being subjective and inaccurate. The goals of this study were to examine intra- and inter-rater reliability when trained with feedback of accuracy, as well as determine the accuracy of portable radiography and sonography. Four evaluators palpated 50 103-week old Lohmann LSL-lite hens immediately following euthanasia. Of those birds, 34 were then radiographed, sonographed, and all 50 were re-palpated. Lastly, the keels were dissected and scored. The presence of deviations (DEV), fractures (FR), and tip fractures (TFR) was scored for each method. Reliability of palpation was analyzed using Cronbach’s Alpha (intra) and Fleiss’ Kappa (inter) tests. Radiography and Sonography scores were further compared with dissection scores to determine sensitivity and specificity. Initial inter-observer reliability was 0.39 DEV, 0.53 FR, and 0.12 TFR, with similar scores for the second round of palpation. Scores for intra-observer reliability ranged from 0.58–0.79 DEV, 0.66–0.90 FR, and 0.37–0.87 TFR. A high prevalence of TFR, but low assessor agreement, warrants the development of specialized training for the palpation of this area. Both radiography and sonography showed relatively high sensitivity for FR and TFR, but low for DEV. On the other hand, specificity was generally high across all damage types. Even with feedback, palpation reliability was poor. However, portable radiography and sonography show promise for detecting keel fractures.

scholarly journals Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis: a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula de Castro Menezes Candido ◽  
Andrea de Freitas Werner ◽  
Izabela Machado Flores Pereira ◽  
Breno Assunção Matos ◽  
Rudolf Moreira Pfeilsticker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Noninvasive Diagnosis ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Sclerosing Encapsulating Peritonitis ◽  
Encapsulating Peritonitis

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, a rare cause of bowel obstruction, was described as a complication associated with peritoneal dialysis which is much feared because of its severity. The authors report a case where radiological findings in association with clinical symptoms have allowed for a noninvasive diagnosis of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, emphasizing the high sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography to demonstrate the characteristic findings of such a condition.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Fluoroscopy, Radiography, and Computed Tomography in Detecting Cement Leakage in Kyphoplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (06) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Georg Palm ◽  
Patricia Lang ◽  
Madlen Haentzsch ◽  
Benedikt Friemert ◽  
Carsten Hackenbroch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Cement Leakage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Intraoperative Fluoroscopy ◽  
Vertebral Bodies ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
Cement Extravasation

Purpose Cement leakage is a typical complication of kyphoplasty for vertebral fractures. It is unclear if cement application intraoperatively can be improved by using other techniques of visualization and which kind of postoperative imaging should be recommended to detect cement extravasation accurately. Objective To compare the rates of cement leakage detected by intraoperative fluoroscopy, postoperative radiography, and postoperative computed tomography (CT) in a retrospective study. Patients and Methods The study included 78 patients (60 women and 18 men; 115 vertebral bodies) who were treated with two kinds of kyphoplasty. The patients underwent intraoperative fluoroscopy and postoperative radiography and CT. After surgery, the images were evaluated to compare cement leakage rates and locations in the three visualization techniques. Leakage locations were described as epidural, intradiskal, extravertebral, or intravascular. Results Compared with CT, intraoperative fluoroscopy regularly detected intradiskal leakage (75%) but had a considerably lower sensitivity for visualizing epidural (21%), extravertebral (31%), and intravascular (51%) cement leakages. A comparison of radiography and CT showed that radiography had a high sensitivity for detecting intradiskal (82%) and intravascular (70%) cement extrusions but a lower sensitivity in identifying epidural (42%) and extravertebral (50%) leaks. Therefore, the CT scan overall was best in detecting location and accuracy. Conclusion CT detected more cement leaks than any of the other investigated techniques, especially epidural, extravertebral, and intravascular cement leakages. To achieve the best accuracy, only CT provides complete information.

Giá trị của cắt lớp vi tính trong đánh giá mạch máu của ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan có chỉ định nút mạch hóa chất

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Hanh Huyen Ton Nu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Transarterial Chemoembolization ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Key Words Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Arterioportal Shunt

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát giá trị của cắt lớp vi tính (CLVT) trong đánh giá mạch máu của ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan (UTBMTBG) có chỉ định nút mạch hóa chất (TACE). Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 63 bệnh nhân UTBMTBG được nút mạch hóa chất (TACE) tại Bệnh viện trường Đại học Y Dược Huế từ 9/2018 đến tháng 10/2020. Mô tả đặc điểm hình ảnh mạch máu của UTBMTBG trên CLVT đối chiếu với chụp mạch xóa nền (DSA). Chẩn đoán UTBMTBG và chỉ định TACE dựa vào hướng dẫn của EASL 2018. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của nhóm nghiên cứu là 63,2 ± 11,3. Kích thước trung bình của UTBMTBG là 5,7 ± 3,4 cm, (1 - 14,5 cm). Đặc điểm hình ảnh mạch máu của UTBMTBG trên CLVT và DSA là: ngấm thuốc mạnh (87,3% vs. 96,8%), mạch tăng sinh (58,7% vs. 88,9%), mạch tân sinh (65,1% vs. 88,9%), thông động - tĩnh mạch (6,4% vs. 6,4%), mạch nuôi u ngoài gan (25,4% vs. 19%), biến thể giải phẫu (14,3% vs. 15,9%). CLVT và DSA có sự phù hợp thấp trong khảo sát mạch tăng sinh và mạch tân sinh nhưng có độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu cao trong khảo sát thông động tĩnh mạch, nguồn mạch nuôi u ngoài gan và biến thể giải phẫu. Kích thước u có tương quan thuận với mạch tăng sinh và có ý nghĩa dự báo nguồn mạch nuôi u ngoài gan, mạch tăng sinh, mạch tân sinh và thông động - tĩnh mạch. Kết luận: CLVT có độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu cao trong đánh giá thông động tĩnh mạch, nguồn mạch nuôi u ngoài gan và biến thể giải phẫu. Phân tích đầy đủ hình ảnh CLVT trước can thiệp là rất cần thiết nhằm tối ưu hóa kỹ thuật và hiệu quả điều trị. Từ khóa: Ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan, cắt lớp vi tính, chụp mạch xóa nền, nút mạch hóa chất. ABSTRACT VALUE OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHI IN THE EVALUATION OF VASCULAR PATTERNS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA Aim: To determine the additional value of computed tomography in the evaluation of vascular patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and methods: A cross - sectional study was conducted on 63 HCC patients who underwent transarterial chemoembolization at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from 9/2018 to 10/2020. Vascular patterns of HCC were documented on CT and correlated with digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Diagnosis and management of HCC were based on the practice guideline of EASL 2018. Results: The mean age was 63.2 ± 11.3 years, the average HCC diameter was 5.7 ± 3.4 cm, (range 1 - 14,5 cm). Vascular patterns of HCC at CT and DSA were hyperattenuating/tumor staining (87.3% vs. 96.8%), hypervascularity (58.7% vs. 88.9%), neovascularity (65.1% vs. 88.9%), arterioportal shunt (6.4% vs. 6.4%), extrahepatic parasitic supplies (25.4% vs. 19%), and anatomical variations (14.3% vs. 15.9%), respectively. There was a low agreement between CT and DSA on hyper and neovascularity. CT had high sensitivity and specificity in detecting arterioportal shunt, extrahepatic supply and anatomical variations. Tumor size had a positive correlation with hypervascularity and was a predictor of hyper/neovascularity, arterioportal shunt, and extrahepatic supply. Conclusion: CT had high sensitivity and specificity in detecting arterioportal shunt, extrahepatic supply and anatomical variations. Careful and comprehensive interpretation of preprocedural computed tomography and angiography is essential to optimize treatment and patient outcomes. Key words: Hepatocellular carcinoma, computed tomography, digital subtraction angiography, transarterial chemoembolization.

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