Evaluation of the Anti-Convulsant Activity of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) in Mice

Abstract. Puspitarini RD, Afandhi A, Fernando I. 2021. Evaluation of indigenous fungal entomopathogens and aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata against Polyphagotarsonemus latus infesting Jatropha curcas in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2648-2655. The broad mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) has been known to cause a great deal of injury on Jatropha curcas (L.) plantation in Indonesia. Isolation of indigenous fungal entomopathogens from rhizosphere soils, followed by pathogenicity assay was conducted to find an effective isolate for controlling P. latus. Additionally, the potential combination of the selected isolate and soursop (Annona muricata L.) aqueous leaf extract (SLE) was investigated. A total of 24 isolates were obtained by using the insect bait method. Four fungal isolates, namely Paecilomyces sp. 1., Lecanicillium sp., Beauveria sp., and Fusarium sp. 1, showed high conidial viability and were chosen as representatives to assess their pathogenicity against P. latus. Among the tested isolates, Beauveria sp. which had the highest conidial viability among the tested isolates, needed a shorter period to completely kill the tested mites. However, the compatibility test revealed the deleterious effect of SLE on Beauveria sp. SLE at all concentrations showed a very toxic effect on the fungus, therefore the two must be applied separately. Our results provide useful information on the effectiveness of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria sp. and aqueous leaf extract of A. muricata as an alternative tool to control the broad mite P. latus on the J. curcas plantation.

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Allelopathic effect of different accessions of Jatropha curcas on field crops in Bundelkhand Region (U.P.) India

FLORA AND FAUNA ◽

10.33451/florafauna.v26i1pp37-45 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Neel Ratan ◽

Ghan Shyam ◽

R.K. Gupta ◽

U.N. Singh

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Linum Usitatissimum ◽

Raphanus Sativus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Lens Esculenta ◽

Field Crops ◽

Maximum Inhibition ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

Allelopathic effect of three accessions of Jatropha curcas on four field crops viz. Triticum aestivum, Raphanus sativus, Linum usitatissimum and Lens esculenta through bioassy was studied in laboratory. The level of inhibition of aqueous leaf extract of J. curcas varied with its accessions and type of tested field crops. The tolerance of the crops was in order of Lens esculenta > T. aestivum > Raphanus sativus > Linum usitatissimum. Invariably, maximum inhibition was observed in the higher concentrations of aqueous extract.

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Cytoprotective and antiadhesive effects of aqueous leaf extract from Orthosiphon aristatus against uropathogenic E. coli

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0036-1596551 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 81 (S 01) ◽

pp. S1-S381 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Sarshar ◽

MR Asadi Karam ◽

M Habibi ◽

S Bouzari ◽

X Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

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Insecticidal Activities of the Leaf Extract of the Invasive Alien Plant, Chromolaena odorata (L.) (Asteraceae) Against Macrotermes species (Termites)

Nigeria Journal of Entomology ◽

10.36108/nje/9102/53.01.31 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 145-153

Author(s):

O. Uyi, ◽

I.G. Amolo ◽

A.D. Adetimehin

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Chromolaena Odorata ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Alien Plant ◽

Biological Efficacy ◽

Invasive Alien Plant ◽

Impregnation Technique ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽

Worker Caste

Several studies have demonstrated the biological efficacy of leaf, stem and root powders or extracts of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson against insect pests but those that are focused on the biological efficacy of aqueous leaf extracts against Macrotermes species are scanty. Current management of termites with synthetic insecticides is being discouraged due to human and environmental hazards. Therefore, the insecticidal effectiveness of aqueous leaf extract C. odorata against Macrotermes species was investigated. Five concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% (w/v)) of the aqueous extract of C. odorata plant were evaluated for repellency and toxicity on the worker caste of Macrotermes species following standard procedures. The filter paper impregnation technique was used for the bioassay. Percentage repellency was monitored for 30 minutes and mortality recorded at 12, 24 and 36 hours post exposure. The leaf extract of C. odorata significantly repelled 95% of Macrotermes species at the highest concentration of 10% (w/v) after 30 minutes post treatment exposure. Mortality of Macrotermes species was independent of treatment concentration, but dependent on duration of exposure. All treatment concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of C. odorata caused significant mortality against Macrotermes species ranging between 94% and 98% compared to the control; indicating very great potential for adoption and use in the management of Macrotermes species.

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Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Allamanda cathartica L. Leaf Extract and Evaluation for Antimicrobial Activity

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2013.6.4.9 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 2260-2268

Author(s):

M. Linga Rao ◽

Bhumi G ◽

Savithramma N

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Green Technology ◽

Metallic Silver ◽

Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) exhibit tremendous applications in medicine as antimicrobial agent. The use of different parts of plants for the synthesis of nanoparticles is considered as a green technology as it does not involve any harmful chemicals. In the present study, we report a rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of medicinal plant Allamanda cathartica. The active phytochemicals present in the plant were responsible for the quick reduction of silver ion to metallic silver nanoparticles. The reduced silver nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The spherical shaped silver nanoparticles were observed and it was found to 19-40 nm range of size. These phytosynthesized SNPs were tested for their antimicrobial activity and it analyzed by measuring the inhibitory zone. A. cathartica aqueous leaf extract of SNPs showed highest toxicity to Pseudomonas followed by Klebsiella, Bacillus and E. coli and lowest toxicity towards Proteus. In fungal species, highest inhibition zone was noted against Rhizopus followed by Curvularia, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger and minimum inhibition zone was observed against Fusarium species. These results suggest a promising potential of Indian plant-based green chemistry for production of SNPs for biomedical and nanotechnology applications.

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