scholarly journals The importance of morphometric parameters in differentiating benign/reactive urothelial cells from low-grade urothelial carcinoma: computer-assisted study on urine specimens

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
J. Musayev ◽  
N. Metilli ◽  
R. Sholan ◽  
A. Hasanov ◽  
A. Damirli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Nuclear Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urine Specimens

Background. Urine cytology is deemed a sensitive method in detection of high-grade urothelial carcinoma. In contrast, detection of low-grade urothelial carcinoma (LGUC) and its differentiation from reactive lesions is difficult with urinary cytology. Objective. Our study aims to determine the effectiveness of morphometric parameters in differentiating reactive urothelial cells from LGUC by cytological examination of urine specimens. Methods. Voided urine samples were used for the study, while the cases were randomized into two groups: those diagnosed with LGUC (first group; N=10) and those which were not diagnosed with LGUC (second group; N=10). The morphometric parameters of major nuclear diameter (MaND), minor nuclear diameter (MiND), mean nuclear area (MNA), cell diameter (CD), mean cell area (MCA), as well as MaND/CD, MiND/CD, MiND/MaND and MNA/MCA ratios were measured on 100 urothelial cells for each case through ScopeImage® 9.0 software. Results. A statistically significant difference was found between the mean values of MiND/CD (p=0.017) and MNA/MCA (p=0.002) ratios of groups. The mean value of both parameters in the first group constituted 0.2 and higher, and below 0.2 in the second group. Conclusion. The ratios of MiND/CD and MNA/MCA in urothelial cells proved significantly higher in patients with LGUC than benign/reactive cases. The reliability of these findings in differentiating LGUC from benign/reactive lesions needs to be verified through studies examining a large number of cases. These parameters can be assessed much faster through a special software enabling an automatic measurement and thus can be used in routine cytological examination.

scholarly journals Interobserver reproducibility of The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology

CytoJournal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Long ◽  
Lester J. Layfield ◽  
Magda Esebua ◽  
Shellaine R. Frazier ◽  
D. Tamar Giorgadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Urinary Cytology ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Urothelial Carcinomas ◽  
Absolute Agreement ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Urine Specimens

Background: The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology represents a significant improvement in classification of urinary specimens. The system acknowledges the difficulty in cytologically diagnosing low-grade urothelial carcinomas and has developed categories to deal with this issue. The system uses six categories: unsatisfactory, negative for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (NHGUC), atypical urothelial cells, suspicious for high-grade urothelial carcinoma, high-grade urothelial carcinoma, other malignancies and a seventh subcategory (low-grade urothelial neoplasm). Methods: Three hundred and fifty-seven urine specimens were independently reviewed by four cytopathologists unaware of the previous diagnoses. Each cytopathologist rendered a diagnosis according to the Paris System categories. Agreement was assessed using absolute agreement and weighted chance-corrected agreement (kappa). Disagreements were classified as low impact and high impact based on the potential impact of a misclassification on clinical management. Results: The average absolute agreement was 65% with an average expected agreement of 44%. The average chance-corrected agreement (kappa) was 0.32. Nine hundred and ninety-nine of 1902 comparisons between rater pairs were in agreement, but 12% of comparisons differed by two or more categories for the category NHGUC. Approximately 15% of the disagreements were classified as high clinical impact. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the scheme recommended by the Paris System shows adequate precision for the category NHGUC, but the other categories demonstrated unacceptable interobserver variability. This low level of diagnostic precision may negatively impact the applicability of the Paris System for widespread clinical application.

Utility of the Paris System in Reporting Urine Cytology

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Malviya ◽  
Gwendolyn Fernandes ◽  
Leena Naik ◽  
Kanchan Kothari ◽  
Mona Agnihotri
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Urine Cytology ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Filling System ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urine Specimens

Objective: To find out the utility of The Paris System (TPS) in reporting urine cytology and to compare it with the reporting system currently used in our laboratory. Study Design: This retrospective study was undertaken over a period of 1 year during which slides of all the urine specimens sent for cytological examination were retrieved from our laboratory filling system. They were blindly reviewed and reclassified according to TPS. Surgical follow-up was obtained from the uropathology services of our department. Results: A total of 176 cases were meticulously reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 52 years, and 71% of cases presented with hematuria. Histopathological follow-up was available in 34 cases. Reporting by TPS detected 13.0% high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) and 5.1% atypical urothelial cells versus 7.3 and 11.9% by the current reporting system, respectively. The sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy for detecting HGUC of TPS were higher than those of our reporting system. Conclusion: TPS has increased the rate of detection of HGUC and reduced the rate of reporting “atypical” urothelial cells. TPS has also standardized the diagnostic criteria, thereby bringing uniformity and reproducibility into the system of reporting for urine cytology.

scholarly journals Variability of morphometric leaf characteristics of black poplar from the area of Vojvodina

2014 ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dijana Cortan ◽  
Mirjana Sijacic-Nikolic ◽  
Radmila Knezevic
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Interpopulation Variability ◽  
Black Poplar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Populations

A morphological study of intra and interpopulation variability of black poplar leaves was conducted in two populations in the area of Vojvodina. Nine morphometric parameters of leaves have been analyzed. The results indicate that there is considerable variability within and between the populations. Morphological differentiation is clearly represented with the average values of analyzed parameters and a statistically significant difference between the mean values. On the basis of the obtained data, it has been concluded that the variability within the two populations is much more expressed than the variability between them. The uniformity of environmental conditions of the studied locations indicates that this variability is a consequence of the specific gene pool of the studied populations.

scholarly journals Urothelial carcinoma and its association with age and gender.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1719-1723
Author(s):  
Rukhsana Parveen Samo ◽  
Asim Mehmood ◽  
Sana Kashif
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Health Science ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Histological Grading ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

Objectives: To determine the urothelial carcinoma and its association with age and gender. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Pathology department of Liaquat university of Medical and Health Science. Period: One year from January 2016 to December 2016. Material and Methods: Four micrometer thick paraffin-embedded and formalin-fixed sections were prepared from transurethral resection6of bladder6tumor (TURBT) samples of urothelial carcinoma patients and were examined. Histological grading was categorized as low and high grades. All the data was collected by self-made proforma. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results: Total 83 cases were enrolled in current study; their mean age was 49.19+12.33 years. Males were found in the majority 51(61.4%) and females were 32(38.6%). Most common age group was 46-60 years 36(43.4%). According to the histological grading high grade was most common as 65.10%, and low grade urothelial carcinoma was 34.90%. There was no significant difference according to age of histological grading. Male gender was most common, while progression of disease was higher among females in contrast to males as high grade carcinoma was significantly higher among females, p-value 0.014. Conclusion: It was concluded that male gender is the contributing factor of urothelial carcinoma, but disease progression significantly high among females. No significant association has been found according to age.

scholarly journals LOW GRADE UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA; CYTOLOGICAL FEATURES DISCRIMINATING FROM ATYPICAL UROTHELIAL CELLS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1323-1327
Author(s):  
Dr. Amjad Ali Khan ◽  
Dr. Abdul Shaheed Asghar ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Ishaq ◽  
Dr. Israr Ahmed Akhund
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Cytological Features

Correlation of MECA-79-positive high endothelial venule density with clinical outcomes in upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 417-417
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Hashimoto ◽  
Hayato Yamamoto ◽  
Tohru Yoneyama ◽  
Atsushi Imai ◽  
Shingo Hatakeyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Nephroureterectomy ◽  
Upper Tract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

417 Background: High endothelial venules (HEVs) are present in lymph nodes and tertiary lymphoid organs. It has been reported that low HEV density is associated with the poor prognosis of several carcinomas. MECA-79 antibody recognizes L-selectin ligand (6-sulfosialyl Lewis X glycan) expressed in HEV. In the present study, we examined whether MECA-79 positive HEV density was associated with clinical outcomes of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). Methods: Eighty-eight patients with UTUC who underwent RNU at the Hirosaki University hospital between January 2008 and December 2016 were enrolled. Tissue microarray for MECA-79 was performed, and HEV densities were calculated. HEV density < 1.5/mm2 was defined as HEV (−); HEV density ≥1.5/mm2 was defined as HEV(+). Results: Of 88 patients, 64 (72.7%) were male and 24 (27.2%) were female. The average age was 68.5 years (range, 36–84 years). Fifty-three patients (60.2%) had previously undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The mean observation period was 39.0 months. Twenty-one (23.8%) patients developed recurrence, whereas 16 (33.3%) patients died during follow-up. Five-year cause-specific survival (CSS) rate was 66.1%, and five-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 70.7%. In our cohort, 25 (28.4%) patients were found to be HEV(−), whereas 63 (71.5%) were found to be HEV(+). The mean HEV density was 6.3/mm2(0-41.6). The 5-year DFS rates for HEV (+) and HEV (−) patients were 78.0% and 53.9%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference between the groups. (log-rank, p = 0.042). Moreover, the 5-year CSS rates for HEV (+) and HEV (−) patients were 72.5% and 53.4%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference between the groups. (log-rank, p = 0.0036). Conclusions: Low MECA-79-positive HEV density may be associated with poor prognosis of patients with UTUC treated with RNU. Despite the small sample size and preliminary nature of our study, our study provides valuable insights to guide future research.

scholarly journals Clinical Behavior of Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma in Young Patients: A Single Center Experience

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Sen ◽  
Ozan Bozkurt ◽  
Omer Demir ◽  
Ahmet Adil Esen ◽  
Ugur Mungan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Clinical Behavior ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
The Mean

Background. There is not enough evidence about clinical behavior of bladder cancer in younger patients.Objective. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma patients under the age of 40 years.Methods. Medical records of patients listed in our cancer database were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 40 patients who were initially diagnosed with bladder urothelial carcinoma at the age less than 40 years were included in the study. Patients’ records were reviewed for recurrence and progression rates, demographic data, medical history, and treatment modalities.Results. Pathological results revealed 33 (82.5%) Ta low-grade, 6 (15%) T1 high-grade, and 1 (2.5%) T2 high-grade urothelial carcinomas. Recurrence was detected in 14/39 (35.9%) patients but progression was not observed in any patients. The mean age of recurrent patients was significantly higher than nonrecurrent patients (34.8 versus 28.5 years;p<0.05). Besides, recurrence was detected in only 1 patient with the age under 30 years (6.2%) and 13 patients (54.1%) between 30 and 40 years old, respectively (p<0.05).Conclusion. Bladder urothelial carcinoma diagnosed at young age tends to be a low pathologic stage, with relatively low rate of recurrence and progression.

scholarly journals Comparison of Radical Nephroureterectomy and Partial Ureterectomy for the Treatment of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Zhang ◽  
Feiya Yang ◽  
Mingshuai Wang ◽  
Yinong Niu ◽  
Weicheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Nephroureterectomy ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Upper Tract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kidney Functions

This study aimed to compare the oncological and renal outcomes of partial ureterectomy (PU) versus radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). UTUC patients’ clinical information was reviewed, and progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and kidney function were collected. The mean follow-up period was 59 (6–135) months in the RNU group and 34.5 (5–135) months in the PU group. The mean operation time in the PU group was 141 (64–340) min, which is significantly shorter than the RNU group (P<0.01). Regarding kidney function at one year or two years after operation, the PU group had significantly improved mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels and a remarkably decreased constitution of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) III or higher group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in PFS and OS between the RNU group and the PU group (P>0.05). Multifactor Cox regression analysis indicated that age and the preoperative CKD stages were independent risk factors for poor kidney functions of UTUC patients. Compared to patients in RNU group, patients in PU have no significant difference in survival time but have shorter operation time, shorter hospital stay, and improved kidney functions.

scholarly journals Gross-total resection of temporal low grade gliomas is a critically important factor in achieving seizure-freedom

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 924-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Crociati Meguins ◽  
Rodrigo Antônio Rocha da Cruz Adry ◽  
Sebastião Carlos da Silva Júnior ◽  
Carlos Umberto Pereira ◽  
Jean Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intractable Epilepsy ◽  
Gross Total Resection ◽  
Seizure Outcome ◽  
Seizure Freedom ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Objective To present a surgical series of patients with low grade temporal gliomas causing intractable epilepsy, focusing on long-term seizure outcome.Method A retrospective study was conducted with patients with temporal low-grade gliomas (LGG).Results Sixty five patients with were operated in our institution. Males were more affected than females and the mean age at surgery was 32.3 ± 8.4 (9-68 years). The mean age at seizure onset was 25.7 ± 9.2 (11-66 years). Seizure outcome was classified according with Engel classification. After one year of follow up, forty two patients (64.6%) were Engel I; seventeen (26.2%) Engel II; four (6.2%) Engel III and two (3.1%) Engel IV. Statistically significant difference in seizure outcome was obtained when comparing the extension of resection. Engel I was observed in 39 patients (69.6%) with total resection and in only 3 (33.3%) patients with partial resection.Conclusion Gross-total resection of temporal LGGs is a critically important factor in achieving seizure-freedom.

Reliability of Cup Position in Navigated Tha in the Lateral Decubitus Position Using the ‘Flip Technique’

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Carcangiu ◽  
Carmelo D'Arrigo ◽  
Domenico Topa ◽  
Raffaella Alonzo ◽  
Attilio Speranza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supine Position ◽  
Lateral Decubitus Position ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Orientation Data ◽  
Assisted Navigation ◽  
Imageless Navigation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Navigation Software

Malpositioning of the acetabular component in total hip arthroplasty (THA) increases the risk of dislocation, reduces the range of motion and may contribute to bearing surface wear. During computer assisted navigation, the anterior pelvic plane is registered intraoperatively by percutaneous palpation, but this may be unreliable. The aim of our study was to evaluate the reliability of imageless navigation in acetabular positioning employing data acquisition in the supine position and surgery in the lateral position (‘flip technique’). We report 24 patients affected by primary osteoarthritis undergoing THA in which implants were placed with a conventional free-hand technique using the acetabular transverse ligament for cup orientation. For imageless navigation we used Orthopilot-Aesculap software. All patients had a postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan at three months, using previously validated dedicated software for cup orientation. Data collected using navigation software were compared with CT measurements. The mean acetabular inclination and anteversion recorded intra-operatively using navigation software were respectively 41°5’ (SD: 9.61) and 9°5’ (SD: 4.01) respectively. The mean inclination and anteversion calculated post-operatively by the CT based image software were 44°2’ (SD 5.83) and 14°4’ (SD 6.42) respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the anteversion values (p=0.04). Therefore, the acquisition of parameters in the supine position with surgery performed in the lateral decubitus position creates unreliable data concerning cup anteversion using an imageless navigation system, and therefore the ‘flip technique’ cannot be recommended.

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