scholarly journals Features of morphological changes in articular tissues in vascular diseases of the lower extremities

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
V.V. Zherebkin ◽  
D.N. Shiyan ◽  
I.V. Borzenkova ◽  
P.V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Joint Surface ◽  
Functional Load

Background. Big epidemiological studies have revealed a link between osteoarthritis and some cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, cerebral circulation disorders, vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Objective. Determination of the features of morphological changes in the synovial membrane of the joint, articular cartilage and subchondral bone in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods. Histological studies of articular tissues of 30 amputated lower extremities in persons with vascular diseases of the lower extremities were performed. Results. In all samples of the capsule of the knee joint, gross violations of the microcirculatory canal and histological changes of osteoarthritis and subchondral osteoporosis were revealed. At the same time, the revealed changes in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone were more pronounced in the patellar, which in the knee joint carries a negligible functional load, but receives blood supply only from the vessels of the articular capsule than in the joint surface of tibia, carrying the lion's share of the functional load on the knee joint, but receiving blood supply from the posterior tibial artery. Conclusion. The revealed features of morphological changes in articular tissues in vascular diseases of the lower extremities indicate that these diseases play an important role in the development of osteoarthritis and are more significant than the functional load on the joint. Further studies of the features of morphological changes in articular tissues in the samples of various contingents of persons are needed.

Histological Features of Osteoarthritis in a State of Decompensation

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Timur B. Minasov ◽  
Ekaterina R. Yakupova ◽  
Dilmurod Ruziboev ◽  
Ruslan M. Vakhitov-Kovalevich ◽  
Ruslan F. Khairutdinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Social Significance

Degenerative pathology of the musculoskeletal system is one of the main reasons for decreased mobility in patients of the older age group. Increasing the life expectancy leads to predominance non-epidemic pathology in all developed countries. Therefore, degenerative diseases of musculoskeletal system have not only medical significance but also social significance. Objective is studying the morphological features of synovial environment of the decompensated osteoarthritic (OA) knee joint. Structural features of subchondral bone, hyaline cartilage of the femur and tibia, the articular capsule, menisci and ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint were studied in 64 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics Bashkirian State Medical University in the period from 2015 to 2020. Material selection, preparation of histological samples, staining with hematoxylin-eosin, microscopy was performed. Adaptive signs of articular cartilage of the femoral condyles manifest in the form of cartilage tissue rearrangement, which are most pronounced in the central zone of the cartilage. At the same time, the phenomena of decompensation and significant areas of destruction are noted. Also, the subchondral bone was replaced with connective tissue with subsequent sclerosis. This sclerosis subsequently led to the decompensation of structures of the hyaline cartilage in the deep and middle zones. Destructive and dystrophic processes were noted in the knee joint menisci. Articular cartilage was replaced with granulation tissue with subsequent invasion of blood vessels. Cruciate ligaments in patients with OA show signs of adaptation due to expansion of endothenonium layers between bundles of collagen fibers and an increase in the diameter of blood vessels.

Subchondral Bone Marrow Edema in Patients with Degeneration of the Articular Cartilage of the Knee Joint

Radiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 238 (3) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kijowski ◽  
Paul Stanton ◽  
Jason Fine ◽  
Arthur De Smet
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Marrow Edema ◽  
Marrow Edema

Quantitative study of articular cartilage and subchondral bone remodeling in the knee joint of dogs after strenuous running training

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. S419-S424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Oettmeier ◽  
Jari Arokoski ◽  
Andreas J. Roth ◽  
Heikki J. Helminen ◽  
Markky Tammi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Running Training

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of the auxiliary elements of the knee joint in normal and deforming arthrosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
I V Gaivoronskiy ◽  
V V Hominets ◽  
A A Semenov ◽  
I A Goryacheva
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Studies

The results of morphological studies of auxiliary elements (patella, meniscus, cruciate ligament, synovial bags) of 60 knee joints of adult corpses, 30 of which were intact (without signs of deforming arthrosis) and 30 with signs of deforming arthrosis of stages III-IV are presented. It is established that the auxiliary apparatus undergoes significant changes in the progression of deforming arthrosis. In a greater degree degenerative changes prone articular cartilage of the patella and medial condyles of the knee joint. The affected areas were characterized by thinning of the articular cartilage or its complete absence, as well as the presence of osteophytes along the edges of the articular surfaces. The measurements of the relative length, width, and thickness of the meniscus also confirmed the fact of their substantial deformation and degeneration, mainly of the medial meniscus. The posterior part of the body and the horn of the medial meniscus were most susceptible to the destruction of the cartilaginous tissue and were accompanied by the erasure and disintegration of the inner margin. Synovial membranes with deforming arthrosis were thickened, compacted and locally hyperemic, had papillary growths, which indicates the presence of synovitis and fluid accumulation not only in the joint cavity but also in synovial bags, the sizes of which were significantly increased. Intra-articular ligaments are hyperemic, and fragments are noted. Pterygoid folds are enlarged, locally hyperemic, with a vascular pattern, elongated processes are visualized along the edges. Identified morphological changes in the progression of deforming arthrosis lead to trophic and metabolic disturbances of all structures of the knee joint. The results of the study of the auxiliary elements of the knee joint can be used as a control in the diagnosis of deforming arthrosis.

scholarly journals МОРФОЛОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СТРУКТУРНИХ КОМПОНЕНТІВ ХРЯЩОВОГО ПОКРИТТЯ КОЛІННОГО СУГЛОБА НА УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНОМУ РІВНІ В НОРМІ

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1(41)) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Войценко К. І. ◽  
Пальтов Є. В. ◽  
Кривко Ю. Я.
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Cellular Components

The work, presented below, aimed at studying the peculiarities of structural organization of the articular cartilage coating of the knee joint in the norm. The objective was achieved by microscopic visualization of cellular components of the articular cartilage. To obtain the microstructural materials we applied generally accepted, conventional methods.The results of the study will allow to form an ultrastructural base that can be further used for a comparative study of the structural components of the articular cartilage in norm as opposed to morphological changes of some elements in different stages of acute, subchronic and chronic experimental opioid exposure.

scholarly journals Joint Distraction Combined with Mesenchymal Stem Cell Intra-articular Injection Attenuates Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanfeng Chen ◽  
Chuanwei Sun ◽  
Wenping Liu ◽  
Yuxin Sun ◽  
Sien Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
External Fixators ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Joint Distraction

Abstract Background: Conservative treatments of osteoarthritis (OA) are limited to symptom relief and novel methods to attenuate OA progression are lacking.Objective: In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of knee joint distraction (KJD) combined with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) intra-articular injection (KJD+MSCs) in OA rat model.Methods: OA rat model was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection plus medial meniscus resection in right knee in SD rat. The KJD+MSCs treatment started 3 weeks after the OA surgery. There were two other groups as knee joint distraction only (KJD) and no treat (OA). Three weeks after the treatment, distraction external fixators were removed and rats were kept for further 3 weeks. The rats were then terminated, samples were subject to micro-CT and histology examinations to evaluate the changes of the articular cartilage tissues, subchondral bone and the secondary inflammation.Results: Safranin-O/fast green staining showed that articular cartilage injury was most obvious in the OA group than that in the KJD group and the least in the KJD+MSCs group. Immunohistochemistry examinations showed that the KJD+MSCs group had the lowest percentage of MMP13 or ColX positive chondrocytes comparing to other groups. Micro-CT data indicated that the abnormal change in the subchondral region of the tibia in the KJD+MSCs group was significantly less than that in the KJD group or OA group. Finally, immunohistochemistry result showed that the knee joint in the KJD+MSCs group had the least number of CD68-positive cells among all the groups.Conclusions: Joint distraction combined with mesenchymal stem cells injection alleviated cartilage degradation, reduced irregular ossification of subchondral bone and secondary inflammation, suggesting it could be a new method to halt the OA progression.

Modeling of Posttraumatic Changes in Knee Joint in Animal Experiments

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
S P Mironov ◽  
N P Omel'yanenko ◽  
V V Trotsenko ◽  
I N Karpov ◽  
Anton Pavlovich Kurpyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Medial Femoral Condyle ◽  
Bearing Surface ◽  
Histochemical Methods ◽  
Adequate Therapy ◽  
Morphologic Changes

The purpose of the work was to create the model of posttraumatic changes in the knee joint for the study of changes in the injured joint and elaboration of surgical and conservative methods acting on such changes. Experiments were conducted in three equal groups of animals (4 sheep in each group). Round injuries with 5 mm diameter and various depths were inflicted to the bearing surface of the medial femoral condyle. The animals were sacrificed in 1, 3 and 6 months after operation using narcosis overdosage. The obtained data were analyzed by anatomic- morphologic and histochemical methods. Formed posttraumatic structures in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone are constant and may be considered as signs of deforming arthrosis. According to the depth of injury and morphologic changes in the involved cartilaginous and bone articular tissues three degrees of osteoarthrosis are marked out. In every degree the injured joint may be used as a model for the choice of adequate therapy.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN KNEE JOIN IN MODELED OSTEOARTHROSIS AND APPLICATION OF AUTOLOGICAL BONE MARROW ASPIRATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
P.V. Tkachuk ◽  
S.S. Strafun
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow ◽  
Joint Capsule ◽  
Joint Surface ◽  
Autologous Bone

Background. Treatment of knee join osteoarthritis is one of challenging medico-social issues. Sometimes the conservative treatment fails to produce therapeutic effect, therefore, the use of cellular technologies in the treatment for progressive degenerative changes of the knee joint has been proposed. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of bone marrow aspirate on the structural changes in the knee joint in modelled osteoarthritis. Materials and methods. The experimental osteoarthritis was simulated in rabbits. Autologous bone marrow aspirate was injected into the knee cavity in 1 month after surgery, and then in 2, 5 months the structural changes of the capsule, meniscus, proximal epiphysis of the tibia were studied. Results. There were the following structural changes in the capsule of the knee joint: stratification of structural elements and reduction of the cell density of the capsule, cell necrosis of the inner surface of the capsule. The defect area of the epiphyseal cartilage was lacking in cartilage, and the peripheral cartilage thickness was decreased by 30, 4% (p<0,05); subchondral bone density made up an average 55,9% compared with the control. In the group with bone marrow aspirate, the density of fibroblasts in the joint capsule increased and the surface of the meniscus was partially preserved; the density of subchondral bone tissue was significantly higher by 79,5% (p<0.05) compared with the control. Structural changes in osteoarthritis include progressive dystrophic changes of the joint surface, subchondral bone, meniscus, and joint capsule. The use of autologous bone marrow aspirate can prevent damage to the subchondral bone, meniscus and joint capsule and promote reticular tissue formation and induction of angiogenesis. The morphological changes of bone marrow through progressive osteoarthritis and its renovation after local application of autological bone marrow aspirate concentrate are promising approaches for the further studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document