The purpose of Arabic Literature in developing Arabic Language Teaching

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1857-1859
Author(s):  
Mohd. Azam

The beginner of Arabic as a second language is usually eager first and foremost to attain a level of competency in accepting the culture that embodies the language. As literary arts concurrence the reader, listener and learner a certain pleasure associated with reflection and imagination, the educational material selected for the purpose should include literary texts that help in projecting the ideas and accommodating the linguistic rules. The education of Arabic language as a significant confluence. This is manifested by the extraordinary attention shown by speakers of other languages in Arabic language.

Author(s):  
Abeer Al-Shabel ◽  
Mustafa Bany Ziyab

ملخص البحث:      هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل الأخطاء التركيبية اللغوية: الصوتية، والصرفية، والنحوية، لدى متعلمي اللغة العربية بوصفها ثانية، وذلك عن طريق التعرف إلى أسبابها، والعوامل التي تؤدي إلى الوقوع فيها، ومظاهر تلك الأخطاء، والكشف عن تلك الأخطاء التركيبية الشائعة لدى متعلمي اللغة العربية كلغة ثانية، ومحاولة تصنيفها، واتجاهات تحليل تلك الأخطاء حسب نظريات تعليم اللغة الحديثة وتعلمها، والاقتراحات والحلول لعلاج تلك الأخطاء. وقد دلت النتائج التي أشارت إليها بعض الدراسات التي تناولت هذا الجانب أن أسباب الأخطاء التركيبية لدى متعلمي العربية كلغة ثانية تعود إلى: فرط التعميم، أو القياس الخاطئ، أو الترجمة الحرفية، أو استعمال اللغة دون الاستعداد والتحضير، وبعض تلك الأخطاء سببه نفسيّ: كالقلق، أو التعب والإرهاق، ومنها أسباب بيولوجية، وتمّت مناقشة تلك الأسباب، وكيفية معالجتها، وختمت الدراسة بمجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات ذات الفائدة للدارسين، والباحثين، وأهل الاختصاص. الكلمات المفتاحية: مستويات اللغة-التراكيب اللغوية-نظريات تعليم اللغة-اتجاهات تحليل الأخطاء اللغوية-الأخطاء التركيبية.   Abstract This study aims at analyzing the syntactic, linguistic, and grammatical errors of the learners of Arabic as a second language, by identifying the causes, the factors that lead to them, the manifestations of those errors and the detection of these syntactical errors that are common among the Arabic language learners as a second language. The study attempts to classify them and categorizes these errors according to the theories of modern language teaching in addition to suggesting solutions to remedy those errors.The results indicated that the reasons for the syntactic mistakes committed by the learners of Arabic as a second language are due to excessive generalization, wrong measurement, literal translation, or use of language without preparation. Some of these mistakes are caused by a psychological factor such as exhaustion or tiredness and other biological causes which were discussed and deliberated in addition to finding solutions to them. The study concluded with a set of conclusions and recommendations that would be of interest to scholars, researchers, and specialists in the field.   Keywords: language levels - language structures - language teaching theories -linguistic error analysis trends - structural mistakes.   Abstrak Kajian in bertujuan untuk menanalisa kesalahan tatabahasa dan penggunaan bahasa para pelajar bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa kedua dengan mengenalpasti sebab-sebab, faktor yang membawa kepada perkara tersebut, manifestasi kesalahan tersebut serta cara mengesan kesalahan tersebut yang merupakan perkara yang biasa dalam kalangan pelajar bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa kedua. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasi kesalahan-kesalahan mereka mengikut teori-teori moden bahasa dan juga untuk turut menangani kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut.  Kesimpulan kajian menunjukkan bahawa sebab-sebab untuk kesalahan tatabahasa yang dilakukan oleh para pelajar bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa kedua adalah disebabkan oleh sifat generalisasi yang berlebihan, analogi yang salah, terjemahan harfiyah atau penggunaan bahasa tanpa persediaan. Sebahagian kesilapan-kesilapan ini adalah disebabkan oleh faktor psykologi seperti kepenatan dan sebab-sebab bilogi lain yang telah dibincangkan disamping mencari penyelesaian untuk masalah tersebut. Kajian ini merumuskan beberapa pemerhatian dan cadangan yang akan dapat dimanfaatkan oleh para pengkaji, cendekiawan and pakar dalam bidang tersebut.   Katakunci: Tahap-tahap bahasa – struktur bahasa – teori pengajaran bahasa – teori analisa kesalahan bahasa – kesalahan sruktur


1979 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
J.A. Coenen

The Dutch government has never developed an active long-range policy concerning the more than 400.000 speakers of other languages currently living in the Netherlands, mainly because it was assumed that their stay in the Netherlands would be temporary only. This paper discusses the facilities provided so far for speakers of other languages in this country, specifically in the field of language-teaching. Next the results of research into Dutch as a second language are discussed and it is suggested how a consistent policy may be developed.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alshahrani

Given that teaching Arabic, as a second language has become increasingly significant in the present context, it follows that there is an urgent and pressing need to develop efficient learning tools as well as adequate measuring tools for testing the learner’s development. There are numerous problems associated with measuring a learner’s proficiency in Arabic in the context of Western cultures. These problems are related to the non-adaptability of measuring tools from one setting into another without taking cultural factors into account. The difficulties faced by scholars in adapting Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) tools to the Saudi context is an example. However, the problems associated with such an adaptation indicate the need for context-specific language acquisition measuring tools. Either currently existing tools such as TESOL need to be radically altered to fit Saudi contexts and requirements, or entirely new tools must be created in order to test the efficacy of language learning in Saudi Arabia. This study aims at a close examination of ways in which existing tests such as TESOL may be adapted or modified to suit the requirements of teachers and learners in the Saudi context. A survey and evaluation of existing tools was followed by developing new tools specifically for Arabic language. It concludes by giving recommendations for proposed modification of existing strategies for Arabic learners that associates the language more directly with functional workplace contexts.


Author(s):  
محمد الجراح

في ظل سعي كثير من العاملين في برامج تعليم اللغة العربية للناطقين بغيرها لتقنين هذه البرامج وفق أحد الأطر العالمية لتعليم اللغات، للوصول إلى العالمية والاعتماد، يركز العاملون في هذه البرامج على تقسيم المستويات اللغوية وفق أحد الأطر العالمية لتعليم اللغات، ويغفل بعضهم عن أهمية هذه الأطر لأسس برامج تعليم اللغة، المتمثلة بـ: معلم اللغة ومتعلِّمها، والمادة الدراسية، والمهارات اللغوية، والاختبارات، وعدد الساعات الدراسية. حيث يُعنى هذا البحث بإبراز أهمية الأطر العالمية لتعليم اللغات الأجنبية في بناء برامج اللغة العربية للناطقين بغيرها، ومن أشهر هذه الأطر: الإطار المرجعي الأوروبي المشترك للغات (CEFR). والمجلس الأمريكي لتعليم اللغات الأجنبية (ACTFL). ومن خلال الدراسة المسحية والمنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، استطاع الباحث تبيان أهمية تقنين برامج تعليم اللغات وفق إطار مرجعي، ومدى الاستفادة من الأطر العالمية في تقنين أسس برامج تعليم اللغات في مجتمع الدراسة الذي تمثل ببرامج تعليم اللغة العربية للناطقين بغيرها في المملكة العربية السعودية. وقد بين هذا البحث أن أهمية الأطر العالمية لا تقتصر على تقسيم مستويات إلى اللغة لعدد محدد، بل لها دور كبير في تقنين أسس برامج تعليم اللغة كافة. الكلمات المفتاحية: العربية للناطقين بغيرها، إطار مرجعي، الإطار الأوروبي، المجلس الأمريكي As many practitioners in Teaching Arabic to Speakers of Other Languages Programs (TASOL) strive to standardize these programs according to one of the international frameworks of teaching languages to achieve universality and accreditation, they focus on dividing language levels in accordance with one of the international referential frameworks of teaching languages. However, some of these stakeholders neglect the importance of these frameworks to the components of language teaching programs represented by teachers, learners, curriculum, language skills, language tests, and the number of studying hours. As a result, this article is concerned with highlighting the importance of international frameworks of teaching foreign languages in the construction of Teaching Arabic to Speakers of Other Languages Programs, mainly the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). Through the use of surveys and the inductive method, the researcher was able to demonstrate the importance of codifying language teaching programs in accordance with the referential frameworks and to highlight the extent to which international frameworks can be used to codify the components of Teaching Arabic Language to Speakers of Other Languages Programs in Saudi Arabia. This research has shown that the importance of international frameworks is not limited to dividing language levels into a specific number, but rather they have a major role in codifying all the components of language program. Keywords: Arabic to Speakers of Other Languages, Referential Frameworks, CEFR, ACTFL


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arab World English Journal ◽  
Gita Ponnuchamy

In the Middle East, independence from the colonial powers was synonymous with ‘Arabization,’ making Arabic fundamental to education (Findlow 2006). With the member nations of the Arab League striving to promote Arab-Islamic culture and the Arabic language, Arabic came to symbolize tradition and Islamic values and the English language and Western culture, modernity and materialism (Al Zeera 19990; Charise 2007; Findlow 2006). While government-run schools adopted Arabic as their medium of instruction relegating English to the status of a second language, most of post-secondary education continued to be imparted through the medium of English, leaving English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) learners inept at coping with the academic demands of higher education. The introduction of ESL in Grade Four in primary schools is partly to be blamed for the ESL learners’ inadequacies. Rising criticism from tertiary level educators and employers necessitated the introduction of ESL in Grade One in 2004 in Bahrain (Bahrain Ministry of Education, 2003). Sweeping national reforms in the educational arena in Bahrain have led to the revamping of curriculum, instruction and assessment standards in an attempt to ensure Bahrain’s educational system is of international standards (Quality Assurance Authority for Education & Training 2011). The purpose of this review article is to trace the way English Language teaching has changed since the colonial days in the Middle East, especially in Bahrain and the reasons necessitating the change. This paper also has implications for research on the English proficiency levels of freshman students today who have learned ESL since Grade 1.


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