Definition of Parameters by Process of Additive Manufacturing for Tactile Perception

AbstractThe advent of additive manufacturing (AM) in recent years have had a significant impact on the design process. Because of new manufacturing technology, a new area of research emerged – Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) with newly developed design support methods and tools. This paper looks into the current status of the field regarding the conceptual design of AM products, with the focus on how literature sources treat design heuristics and design principles in the context of DfAM. To answer the research question, a systematic literature review was conducted. The results are analysed, compared and discussed on three main points: the definition of the design heuristics and the design principles, level of support they provide, as well as where and how they are used inside the design process. The paper highlights the similarities and differences between design heuristics and design principles in the context of DfAM.

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Design and Fabrication of Structural Connections Using Bi-Directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization and Additive Manufacturing

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.846.571 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 846 ◽

pp. 571-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hamed Seifi ◽

Mike Xie ◽

James O’Donnell ◽

Nicholas Williams

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Structural Optimization ◽

Large Scale ◽

Limited Area ◽

Complex Structures ◽

Evolutionary Structural Optimization ◽

3D Printed ◽

Structural Connections ◽

Definition Of ◽

Processing Steps

The need to simplify the construction issues of complex structures leads to definition of SmartNodes project as a research which aims to confine the complexity of structure to a limited area (nodes) in order to decrease processing steps and labor intensity by application of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. Bi-Directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) is used to design efficient and elegant nodal connections of large scale spatial structures and minimise the volume of nodes to be printed and to ultimately replace welded, forged and cast connections by 3D printed connections. The prototypes discussed in this paper demonstrate BESO design process through two generic cases.

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Driving Technologies for the Design of Additive Manufacturing Systems

HighTech and Innovation Journal ◽

10.28991/hij-2021-02-01-03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 20-28

Author(s):

Paolo Righettini ◽

Roberto Strada

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Manufacturing Systems ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Transition Control ◽

Plant Floor ◽

Technology Process ◽

Base Reference ◽

Definition Of ◽

Technical Solutions

The Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology, belonging to the most comprehensive Net Shape Forming family, has in recent years a growing trend due to the increasing quality of the built product. These results may open the application of the AM to the industrial field, moving the application from laboratories to the plant floor. This step requires machines capable of executing the technology process of AM with the requirements of the industrial environment, concerning as example the production speed, reliability, robustness, and process stability. The design of such type of machinery requires a systematic and multidisciplinary approach for reaching these industrial targets. Indeed the AM process involves several design technological issues, like temperature control of the material to be processed, characteristics of the energy source for material transition, control of the power transferred to the material, scanning system’s head control, 3D model’s layer definition, generation of the laser point’s trajectories. The final product’s quality strongly depends on all these aspects synergically linked each other, as well as on the technical solutions to realize them. The paper presents an interdisciplinary approach to the design of machines for AM, based on the Powder Bed Fusion process, and targeted to the industrial field. The technological platforms discussed in the paper are essential for such type of machines. The strategy proposed constitutes a base reference point for the definition of a methodological approach to the design of AM machinery. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-01-03 Full Text: PDF

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A Comprehensive Study of Auxiliary Arrangements for Attaining Omnidirectionality in Additive Manufacturing Machine Tools

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4049094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 143 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Ambrish Singh ◽

Seema Negi ◽

Sajan Kapil ◽

K. P. Karunakaran ◽

Manas Das

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Directional Sensitivity ◽

Delivery Vector ◽

Design Variables ◽

Fixed Set ◽

Definition Of ◽

Am Processes ◽

Sheer Number

Abstract Anisotropy and omnidirectionality are the two most significant impediments to the growth of additive manufacturing (AM). While anisotropy is a property of the part, omnidirectionality is a characteristic of the machine tool. Omnidirectionality, implying invariance in AM processes with the goal of minimizing variations in material and geometric properties of the as-built parts, is often ignored during systems and process design. Disregard to directional sensitivity, which in some cases are inherent to the process (and/ or system), inadvertently changes the process parameter in-situ consequently, producing parts with non-uniform and often erratic properties. AM, attributing to its sheer number of processing variables, is especially susceptible to this subtle, yet significant system property. While some AM platforms, due to their nature of part production, are inherently omnidirectional, others require additional setup to ensure the same. Having an omnidirectional AM platform ensures that the parts are fabricated with process variables that are equally sensitive in all directions. In most AM systems, given a fixed set of process parameters, the spatial orientation of fusion (or joining) source vector, feedstock-delivery vector, and travel direction vector relative to each other governs omnidirectionality. Inconsistency or change in orientation of these three vectors results in non-uniform part properties and variations in geometric dimensions. Therefore, AM systems have to be omnidirectional to improve part performance and promote industrial acceptance. This paper, through a formal definition of omnidirectionality, analyses these three vectors individually along with their interplay with other process parameters and design variables.

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Considerations on the Applicability of Test Methods for Mechanical Characterization of Materials Manufactured by FDM

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13010028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Amabel García-Domínguez ◽

Juan Claver ◽

Ana María Camacho ◽

Miguel A. Sebastián

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Mechanical Characterization ◽

Test Methods ◽

Fused Deposition Modelling ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

General Test ◽

Specific Standard ◽

Characterization Of Materials ◽

Definition Of

The lack of specific standards for characterization of materials manufactured by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) makes the assessment of the applicability of the test methods available and the analysis of their limitations necessary; depending on the definition of the most appropriate specimens on the kind of part we want to produce or the purpose of the data we want to obtain from the tests. In this work, the Spanish standard UNE 116005:2012 and international standard ASTM D638–14:2014 have been used to characterize mechanically FDM samples with solid infill considering two build orientations. Tests performed according to the specific standard for additive manufacturing UNE 116005:2012 present a much better repeatability than the ones according to the general test standard ASTM D638–14, which makes the standard UNE more appropriate for comparison of different materials. Orientation on-edge provides higher strength to the parts obtained by FDM, which is coherent with the arrangement of the filaments in each layer for each orientation. Comparison with non-solid specimens shows that the increase of strength due to the infill is not in the same proportion to the percentage of infill. The values of strain to break for the samples with solid infill presents a much higher deformation before fracture.

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Optimizing Cutting Planes for Advanced Joining and Additive Manufacturing

Volume 2: Advanced Manufacturing ◽

10.1115/imece2016-67495 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brandon Massoni ◽

Matthew I. Campbell

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Cutting Planes ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Optimization Method ◽

Main Body ◽

Optimal Separation ◽

Complex Shapes ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Individual ◽

Manufacturing Alternatives

While additive manufacturing allows more complex shapes than conventional manufacturing processes, there is a clear benefit in leveraging both new and old processes in the definition of new parts. For example, one could create complex part shapes where the main “body” is defined by extrusion and machining, while small protruding features are defined by additive manufacturing. This paper looks at how optimization and geometric reasoning can be combined to identify optimal separation planes within a complex three-dimensional shapes. These separations indicate the joining processes in reverse. The optimization method presents possible manufacturing alternatives to an engineering designer where optimality is defined as a minimization of cost. The process identifies the cutting planes as well as the combination of processes required to join the individual parts together. The paper presents several examples of complex shapes and describes how the optimization finds the optimal results.

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Industrie 4.0 – technological approaches, use cases, and implementation

at - Automatisierungstechnik ◽

10.1515/auto-2015-0025 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 63 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Reiner Anderl

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Value Added ◽

Cyber Physical Systems ◽

Industrie 4.0 ◽

Use Cases ◽

Value Chains ◽

Horizontal Integration ◽

Physical Systems ◽

Smart Systems ◽

Definition Of

AbstractIndustrie 4.0 aims at improving value chains and value-added networks in industry. Technologically the approach is based on the introduction of cyber-physical systems. Their capabilities form the basis for smart systems. This paper presents technological approaches for Industrie 4.0 and introduces use cases as a specification technique for application scenarios. A demonstrator for additive manufacturing is presented. Lessons learnd from this demonstrator have led to the definition of capabilities for vertical and horizontal integration within Industrie 4.0.

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Novel Resistive Sensor Design Utilizing the Geometric Freedom of Additive Manufacturing

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11010113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Hagen Watschke ◽

Marijn Goutier ◽

Julius Heubach ◽

Thomas Vietor ◽

Kay Leichsenring ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Conductive Polymer ◽

Compressive Load ◽

Material Design ◽

Sensor Design ◽

Electrically Conductive ◽

Resistive Sensor ◽

Unexplored Area ◽

Definition Of

Direct additive manufacturing (AM) of sensors has in recent years become possible, but still remains a largely unexplored area. This work proposes a novel resistive sensor design that utilizes the geometric freedom offered by AM, especially by material extrusion, to enable a customizable and amplified response to force and deformation. This is achieved by using a multi-material design made of an elastomer and an electrically conductive polymer that enables a physical shortening of the conductive path under compressive load through a specific definition of shape. A number of different variants of this novel sensor design are tested, measuring their mechanical and electrical behavior under compression. The results of these tests confirm a strong resistive response to mechanical loading. Furthermore, the results provide insight into the influencing factors of the design, i.e., the gap size between the conductive pathing and the stiffness of the sense element support structure are found to be primary influencing factors governing sensor behavior.

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Singularity#1 and MFA II. Singularität Nr. 1 und MFA II.

10.31224/osf.io/3ghkf ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anil Kumar Bheemaiah

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Mathematical Formulation ◽

Formal System ◽

Automated Design ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Maschinelles Lernen ◽

Additive Fertigung ◽

Definition Of ◽

Hardware Designs ◽

Dog Ears

AbstractThe Dog-Ears formal system (Bheemaiah, n.d.) is extended with MFA II architecture for the definition of Taskoids, needing adaptable designs and additive printing. We present a formal system to apply the formulation to illustrate Singularity#1 as an MFA II, application. The concept of Singularity and Singularity#1 and the MFA II design philosophy is explained, with an abstract photographic art.Keywords: Dog-Ears, Taskoids, Singularity, Singularity#1, Robotics, Conversational UI, additive printing.What:Singularity#1 is defined as an algorithmic machine evolution like genetic algorithms, in MFA II architecture, with the development of machine learning algorithms for the automated design of hardware and software and additive manufacturing of the hardware.MFA II is a multi-functional architecture, where side effects are primary too in a defined multi-functionality, it is inspired by MFA I architecture of form following function and behaviors from BEAM robotics, while BEAM is analog or mixed, MFA II is digital.Was:Singularity # 1 ist definiert als eine algorithmische Maschinenentwicklung wie genetische Algorithmen in der MFA II-Architektur mit der Entwicklung von Algorithmen für maschinelles Lernen für das automatisierte Design von Hardware und Software sowie für die additive Fertigung der Hardware. Es ähnelt der Singularität, die sich durch die Entwicklung von Hardware und Software für maschinelles Lernen durch A.I-Algorithmen auszeichnet.MFA II ist eine multifunktionale Architektur, bei der Nebenwirkungen auch bei einer definierten Multifunktionalität im Vordergrund stehen. Sie ist von der MFA I-Architektur mit Funktionen und Verhaltensweisen der BEAM-Robotik inspiriert, während BEAM analog oder gemischt und MFA II digital ist.How:We illustrate Singularity#1, in non-anthropomorphism in the design of Alexa skills and hardware tools for the sentient bot platform with additive manufacturing. Hardware extensions with the RetroSwitch are defined with a mathematical formulation, and templates with customization for the RetroSwitches and hardware designs are illustrated.TensorFlow is used for a mathematical formulation of MFA II with generalized Tensors.Wie:Wir veranschaulichen Singularität Nr. 1 im Nicht-Anthropomorphismus bei der Entwicklung von Alexa-Fertigkeiten und Hardware-Tools für die Plattform für empfindungsfähige Bots mit additiver Fertigung. Hardware-Erweiterungen mit dem RetroSwitch werden mit einer mathematischen Formulierung definiert, und Vorlagen mit Anpassungen für die RetroSwitches und Hardware-Designs werden veranschaulicht.TensorFlow wird für eine mathematische Formulierung von MFA II mit verallgemeinerten Tensoren mit eingebetteten Unendlichkeiten von Kovarianz und Kontravarianz und einer Konturintegralformulierung verwendet.

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Design for Additive Manufacturing and Advanced Development Methods Applied to an Innovative Multifunctional Fan

Additive Manufacturing ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-9624-0.ch003 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 52-85

Author(s):

Leonardo Frizziero ◽

Giampiero Donnici ◽

Alfredo Liverani ◽

Karim Dhaimini

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Quality Function Deployment ◽

Large Scale ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Product Development Process ◽

Business Success ◽

Scale Production ◽

Key Factor ◽

Definition Of

In an increasingly competitive business world, the “time to market” of products has become a key factor for business success. There are different techniques that anticipate design mistakes and launch products on the market in less time. Among the most used methodologies in the design and definition of the requirements, quality function deployment (QFD) and design for Six Sigma (DFSS) can be used. In the prototyping phase, it is possible to address the emerging technology of additive manufacturing. Today, three-dimensional printing is already used as a rapid prototyping technique. However, the real challenge that industry is facing is the use of these machineries for large-scale production of parts, now possible with new HP multi-fusion. The aim of this article is to study the entire product development process taking advantage of the most modern models and technologies for the final realization of a case study that involves the design and prototyping of an innovative multifunctional fan (lamp, aroma diffuser and fan) through the Multi Jet Fusion of HP. To begin with, issues related to the DFSS, the QFD and their application to identify the fan requirements are explored. Once the requirements have been defined, the modern CAD design systems and the CAE systems for the validation of the case study will be analyzed and applied. Finally, HP's Multi Jet Fusion methodology and design rules for additive manufacturing will be analyzed in detail, trying to exploit all the positive aspects it offers.

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