scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Diaporthe Species Associated With Hazelnut Defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Arciuolo ◽  
Carla Santos ◽  
Célia Soares ◽  
Giuseppe Castello ◽  
Nicola Spigolon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Single Clade

Fungi of the genus Diaporthe have been reported as the main causative agent of hazelnut defects in the Caucasus area. This study aimed to define which fungal species are present in defective hazelnuts grown in Turkey and confirm the role of Diaporthe spp. Seven hazelnut orchards were selected, with each one located in a different Turkish Province (Düzce, Giresun, Ordu, Samsun, Sakarya, Trabzon, and Zonguldak), and hazelnuts were collected at early and full ripening. Fungal isolation and identification were performed at the genus level based on morphological characteristics. Several genera were isolated, with Diaporthe spp. being among the prevalent. This was the only genus with increasing incidence from early to full ripening, and incidence at full ripening was positively correlated both with internal (ρ = 0.86) and visible defects (ρ = 0.81), which confirmed its role as the key causative agent of hazelnut defects. The correlation of defect occurrence with rainfall, reported in previous study, was not confirmed, possibly due to the low defect incidence. A total of 86 Diaporthe monosporic strains isolated from Turkish hazelnut samples, together with 33 strains collected in the Caucasus region and 6 from Italy, were analyzed with a multi-locus phylogeny based on three genomic loci (ITS, EF1-α, and tub). The results showed that Diaporthe strains can be grouped into 7 distinct clades, with a majority of Turkish strains (95%) being placed into a single clade related with D. eres. These samples were organized into several sub-clades, which indicates the existence of genetically diverse sub-populations.

Incidence and molecular characterization of fungi and yeast isolated from cultured catfish and Nile tilapia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Ola Hashem ◽  
Viola Zaki ◽  
Rawia Adawy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Objective: To study the incidence and seasonal dynamics of different fungi affected freshwater fishes in Lake Manzala with molecular identification of the isolated fungi. Animals: 300 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 300 catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Design: Descriptive study. Procedures: Random samples of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and Clarias gariepinus (C. gariepinus) were collected from Manzala fish farms. Clinical and postmortem examination of fish was applied. Isolation and identification of different fungi were performed by conventional methods. Furthermore, the molecular characterization of isolated fungi was carried out. Results: C. gariepinus had a higher rate of infection with different fungal species than O. niloticus. Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus) were the most fungal isolated from the examined fishes, followed by Penicillium spp. and Candida albicans. Aspergillus spp were detected in all seasons with a higher rate in summer and spring. A. flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp. and C.albicans isolates were amplified from both C. gariepinus and O. niloticus at the specified molecular weight using PCR. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Fungal infection affected the fish showing different external and internal lesions, all species of Aspergillus were found in all seasons with a high rate in, hot seasons, summer and spring. The Prevalence of Penicillium and C. albicans were also reported. All fungal isolates were identified on the phenotypic and molecular bases.

Preparation and Characterization of BaTiO3 Thin Films on MgO-buffered Si(100) Substrates by RF Sputtering

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1152-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangsub Kim ◽  
Shunichi Hishita
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Metal Type ◽  
Metal Insulator Metal

We report the results of a study on the deposition and characterization of partially oriented BaTiO3 thin films on MgO-buffered Si(100) by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The structural and morphological characteristics of the MgO buffer layer were investigated as a function of substrate temperature. The x-ray θ-2θ, φ scans, and observation of surface morphology revealed that MgO grew with a tendency of (001) orientation. Partially (00l) or (h00) textured BaTiO3 thin films were obtained on Si(100) with the MgO buffer layer while randomly oriented BaTiO3 thin films with large-scale cracks on the surface were made without the MgO layer. Pt/BaTiO3/Pt multistructures were formed on Si(100), MgO/Si(100), and MgO(100) single crystal substrates to conduct preliminary electrical measurements for metal-insulator-metal type capacitor. Comparison of the crystallographic orientation, morphology, and electrical properties between the BaTiO3 films on Si(100) with and without the MgO buffer layer supported the favorable role of the MgO layer as a buffer for the growth of BaTiO3 films on Si(100).

scholarly journals GEOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCHES OF ACADEMICIAN I. P. GERASIMOV IN THE CAUCASUS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.А. Керимов ◽  
Т. Щипек ◽  
А.В. Собисевич ◽  
В.А. Снытко
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Balkan Mountains

Статья посвящена научному наследию академика Иннокентия Петровича Герасимова (1905–1985), внесшего большой вклад в геоморфологию, четвертичную геологию, литологию, геохимию, тектонику и почвоведение. Значительные исследовательские работы были проведены им на Кавказе, где он выработал новые методологические подходы к роли геоморфологи и в развитии Земли. Особо рассмотрены результаты организованных им международных проектов «Альпы – Кавказ» и «Кавказ – Стара-Планина». Показано значение его исследований почв Кавказа и предложенной теории происхождения Пятигорских лакколитов This article devoted the scientific heritage of academian Inokentiy P. Gerasimov (1905–1985), who made the great impact in geomorphology, Quaternary geology, lithology, geochemistry, tectonics and soil science. I. P. Gerasimov is famous by the huge amount of scientific work in Caucasus region, where he created the new methodological approaches to the role of geomorphology in the development of the Earth. The results of organized by I. P. Gerasimov international projects «Alps – Caucasus» and «Caucasus − Balkan Mountains» were considered. Particular attention was paid to his important research of Caucasian soils and theory of creation laccoliths in Piatigorsk region.

scholarly journals Genome Assemblies for 11 Yersinia pestis Strains Isolated in the Caucasus Region: TABLE 1 

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterine Zhgenti ◽  
Shannon L. Johnson ◽  
Karen W. Davenport ◽  
Gvantsa Chanturia ◽  
Hajnalka E. Daligault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Genome Assemblies ◽  
Strain Genome

Yersinia pestis , the causative agent of plague, is endemic to the Caucasus region but few reference strain genome sequences from that region are available. Here, we present the improved draft or finished assembled genomes from 11 strains isolated in the nation of Georgia and surrounding countries.

scholarly journals Colonial and Morphological Characteristics of Soil Fungi from Jhum Land

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asangla Kichu ◽  
T Ajungla ◽  
Gloria Nyenthang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Serial Dilution Method ◽  
Microbial Groups

Soil fungi represent one of the important microbial groups that are actively involved in enhancement of environmental quality and plant nutrient supply. Studying native soil fungal species and their accurate identification is crucial for contribution to the checklist of fungi. The present study aimed at isolation and identification of some soil fungi from Jhum land, Mokokchung district, Nagaland. Serial dilution method was used to isolate soil fungi on RBA (Rose Bengal Agar) and PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) plates. Altogether fourteen fungal species belonging to genera Absidia, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Geotrichum, Mortierella, Mucor, Penicillium and Trichoderma were identified by studying their macro- and micro-morphological characteristics.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Ectomycorrhizal Cortinarius Species (Agaricales, Basidiomycetes) from Temperate Kashmir Himalaya, India, by ITS Barcoding

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahoor Ahmad Itoo ◽  
Zafar A. Reshi ◽  
Qussin Basharat ◽  
Sheikh Tahir Majeed ◽  
Khurshid Iqbal Andrabi
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
Target Region ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

The coniferous forests of Kashmir Himalayas provide a sustainable habitat for wide varieties of ectomycorrhizal fungi. The identification and characterization of many of these fungi however largely involves morphological descriptions of sporocarps alone, thus sometimes raising questions about the authenticity of these studies. The present study was carried out to identify and characterize ectomycorrhizal fungi from the coniferous forests of Kashmir Himalaya using both morphological and molecular methods. Herein we report on the identification and characterization of three potential ectomycorrhizal Cortinarius fungal species, namely, Cortinarius flexipes (Pers. Ex Fr.), Cortinarius fulvoconicus M. M. Moser, and Cortinarius infractus (Pers.) Fr., from Kashmir Himalaya, India, on the basis of their morphological and molecular characterization. Morphological characteristics of all species were measured and compared with standard taxonomic literature. ITS-rDNA (the fungal molecular marker) was used for molecular analysis. The target region of rDNA (ITS1 5.8s ITS2) of these species was amplified using universal fungal primers (ITS1 and ITS4). The sequencing of amplified products and their subsequent blast analysis confirmed the identification of species by comparing the sequences of these species with respective species sequences present in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis also confirmed the identification of species.

scholarly journals Ethnopolitical Processes in the Caucasus: Identity Conflict and Political Activity of Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Aleksej Erohin ◽  
◽  
Sergej Vorobev ◽  
Evgenii Avdeev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Young People ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South

Introduction. The article presents the results of the research, which helped to determine the assessments and perceptions of young people in the Caucasus region about the state, nature and direction of the development of ethnopolitical processes, to identify common and special in the views of youth in the North and South Caucasus. Methods and Materials. Sociological research within the framework of the scientific project “Ethno-Political Processes in the Caucasus in the Assessments and Perceptions of Modern Youth” was carried out by the authors of the article in 2019 using the online survey method. 2,000 respondents were interviewed, namely students of leading universities of the region (1,000 respondents were interviewed in the North Caucasus and 1,000 respondents in the South Caucasus), the age of the respondents being 18-24 years old. The role of state authorities in the formation of civic and national identity among youth of the North Caucasus was revealed as a result of the content analysis of regional programs and other information materials in 2018. Analysis. It was found that the spectrum of the main ethnopolitical issues of concern to young people in the Caucasus region is largely identical for both the North and South Caucasus. It was revealed that civic, national, and religious identities are of priority and equal importance for the vast majority of youth. Civic and national identity for the absolute majority of Caucasian respondents is associated with the preservation of national culture and history, pride of their country and its achievements, protection of the Fatherland, and the guarantee of human rights and freedoms. Regional identity is a priority for the overwhelming majority of young people in the Caucasus. It can be assumed that risks of conflict between civil, national, and confessional identities persist among young people in the region. Youth in the Caucasus have a high level of political activity and consider their active participation in the political life of the region necessary. At the same time, they are more inclined towards a constructive solution to socio-political problems, volunteering, as well as dialogue and cooperation with state authorities. The main actors forming political views, according to the majority of respondents, are the environment in which they communicate, close relatives, as well as the blogosphere and social networks. The role of state administration in the formation of civil and national identity among young people in the North Caucasus is analyzed. The conclusion is that it is necessary to strengthen work in the region to develop public initiatives among youth, to involve them in socially significant activities, to activate their creative potential, and to develop their participation in various civil society institutions, especially volunteer organizations. Results. The conclusion is made about the need for a wide integration of young people of the region into the all-Russian socio-cultural space, the implementation of equal partnership between youth, civil society institutions and state authorities, greater involvement of young people in activities that contribute to the economic, socio-political and cultural development of the region. Key words: youth, ethnopolitical processes, Caucasus, political activity, civic identity, national identity.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of native degrading fungi from Wastewater's pollutants in cardboard recycling industry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hosseini ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Ghaneian ◽  
AbbAsali Jafari Nadoushan ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush ◽  
Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Native Fungi ◽  
Wastewater Pollutants ◽  
Industry Wastewater

Introduction: By increasing the amount and diversity of bio-environmental wastewater pollutants, it is essential to be controlled and planed the environmental contaminants to eliminate or minimize. Cardboard recycling industry wastewater has the potential of environmental pollution; it is contaminated with various fungal species that may be effective in the decomposition and removal of pollutants. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of native fungal species that decontaminate organic pollutants in the cardboard recycling industry wastewaters. Methods: In this study, which is a descriptive study, samples were randomly taken from different area of wastewater of cardboard recycling industry. Samples were cultured on Saboraud dextrose agar medium for isolation of probable fungal species, which decomposers of wastewater. The isolated fungal colonies were enumerated and purified based on morphological characteristics and microscopic analyzing as far as possible. Results: The average count of the total number of fungi species in wastewater of cardboard recycling industry was 2.5×102 CFU/ml of these 2.1×101 were saprophytic fungi. The most prevalent fungal species were identificated from the wastewater include Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillum, Geotrichum, Mucor, Drechselera, Paecillomyces, Alternaria, Fusarium and Absidia. The highest frequency of fungal species Aspergillus nige, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillum were 30.89%, 22.76% and 14.63% respectively. Conclusion: It seems that native fungi isolated from the cardboard recycling industry wastewater in this study are from fungi that have the potential for bioremediation of wastewater contaminants based on scientific literature and can be used for evaluating of their ability to decompose wastewater from this industry.  

scholarly journals Structural Diversity of Aspergillus (Section Nigri) Spores

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1151-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Filipa Simões ◽  
Cledir Santos ◽  
Nelson Lima
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Aspergillus Section ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe taxonomy of fungal species, similar to that of many other microorganisms, suffers frequent revisions due to the discovery of new species and to the development and gathering of characterization data and morphological information. Morpho-taxonomy helps in the identification of many species. This work presents the macro, micro-morphological, and spectral mass analyses for phenotypic characterization of 13 species of Aspergillus section Nigri, showing that the characterization of spores (conidia) by scanning electron microscopy can be used as a tool to discriminate key morphological characteristics and separate closely related fungi. These results were corroborated by colony plates, stereomicroscopy, light microscopy, and spectral mass data.

scholarly journals Isolation And Identification of Fungi Associated with Different Species of Stored Graines

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-258
Author(s):  
Khadeeja A. Saido ◽  
Halben I. Mohammed ◽  
Raed A. Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Penicillium Spp

This study was conducted on different species of stored grains obtained from Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, of Iraq to investigate the occurrence of seed borne fungi. Nine types of grains were collected and two methods were selected (agar plate method and blotter method) for fungal isolation. A total of 19 species assigned to 13 genera were identified. The high frequent genera were Aspergillus (4 species), Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium (2 species), while other genera include Rhizopus, Cladosporium, Stemphylium, Ulocladium, Humicola, Bipolaris, Curvularia Phoma and Rhizoctonia were represented only in a single species. The results showed a variation in the fungal species and contamination percentage according to the detection and incubation methods. The lowest occurrence percentage was detected in lentils seeds with only one genus represented by Penicillium spp., while the highest occurrence percentage was detected with Chickpea seeds represent by six genera. The most common fungal genera displayed by agar plate method in wheat and chickpea were Rhizoctonia sp. (34.1%) and Penicillium sp. (42.5%) respectively. The highest fungal detection by blotter method was recorded with barley seeds while the lowest was chickpea seeds. The most common fungal genera recorded by blotter method under room temperature after 7 days and 14 days was Penicillium spp, with a percent 100% from chickpea seeds followed by Aspergillus spp with percent of (66.7%, 47.6%) from barley and raisin seeds respectively. While the highest frequent fungus in seeds incubated at 25°C after 7 and 14 days was Aspergillus parasiticus (88.9%) from mash seeds and Rhizopus sp. (80.1%) from lima bean respectively. Blotter method considered an efficient and economically reliable method.

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