scholarly journals Reverse Logistics: Its Concept and Drivers in New Zealand: Case Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Cristina De La Garza Garcia De Lavender
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainability Leadership ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Broad Objective ◽  
Economic Regulations

<p>Companies have achieved cost-reduction, marketing advantage and attention for the natural environment as some of the benefits from their reverse logistics (RL) activities. Many companies have considered RL as a strategic goal because it is part of the supply chain that offers value. Such value relates to the ability to efficiently and effectively manage 'returns'. Returns in this thesis refer to used products, materials and packaging as well as waste. The RL concept has gained increased attention by companies and government. Consumers are starting to be aware of this as an indispensable service after sales where they can have their used products retrieved and properly disposed. Only a few companies in New Zealand have been leaders in the RL area since they implemented it in the 2000's without being any regulation. It was found in the study that more and more companies are looking at implementing RL, no matter which industry they are in or their position in the supply chain. However, little is known about what factors promote RL practices for companies in New Zealand. The broad objective of the study was to explore factors driving the implementation of RL for companies in New Zealand from an environmental perspective. There were seven main factors found in New Zealand: stakeholders, green sustainability, leadership, marketing, economic, regulations and information. Moreover it was aimed to achieve a clear understanding of the RL meaning as it was not commonly heard in New Zealand. Many companies in New Zealand refer to RL backward flow as a product stewardship scheme, extended producer responsibility (EPR) and resource efficiency. Ten companies from different industries and a Ministry participated in this research, including manufacturing and retailers. For some companies, RL implementation was highly mature than others who where in the initial stages of implementation. The method used to collect data was semi structured interviews. All interviews were transcribed by the researcher and analysed accordingly. Relevant themes were assigned along the transcripts to organise the study's content. Those themes included RL concept, main factors, resources, problems, benefits, strategies and greening perspective. Quotations from the interviewees were used in the findings to support information. The findings from the research suggest that companies in New Zealand and Europe have similar factors influencing RL implementation. Alvarez-Gil et al., (2007) found that in Spain, stakeholders, environmental issues, regulations and change in strategic focus (also known as leadership) have encouraged activities such as returns, refurbish and recycle. The only factor that was not found in other studies was information. Furthermore findings show that New Zealand as a whole is leader in pro environmental practices but still there is room to improve on it. Managerial implications are presented in the conclusions chapter. Those implications were deducted from the information obtained from findings based on the researcher's judgment. They are practical and logical so that any company or person wanting to implement RL can benefit by having some advice.</p>

scholarly journals Reverse Logistics: Its Concept and Drivers in New Zealand: Case Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Cristina De La Garza Garcia De Lavender
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainability Leadership ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Broad Objective ◽  
Economic Regulations

<p>Companies have achieved cost-reduction, marketing advantage and attention for the natural environment as some of the benefits from their reverse logistics (RL) activities. Many companies have considered RL as a strategic goal because it is part of the supply chain that offers value. Such value relates to the ability to efficiently and effectively manage 'returns'. Returns in this thesis refer to used products, materials and packaging as well as waste. The RL concept has gained increased attention by companies and government. Consumers are starting to be aware of this as an indispensable service after sales where they can have their used products retrieved and properly disposed. Only a few companies in New Zealand have been leaders in the RL area since they implemented it in the 2000's without being any regulation. It was found in the study that more and more companies are looking at implementing RL, no matter which industry they are in or their position in the supply chain. However, little is known about what factors promote RL practices for companies in New Zealand. The broad objective of the study was to explore factors driving the implementation of RL for companies in New Zealand from an environmental perspective. There were seven main factors found in New Zealand: stakeholders, green sustainability, leadership, marketing, economic, regulations and information. Moreover it was aimed to achieve a clear understanding of the RL meaning as it was not commonly heard in New Zealand. Many companies in New Zealand refer to RL backward flow as a product stewardship scheme, extended producer responsibility (EPR) and resource efficiency. Ten companies from different industries and a Ministry participated in this research, including manufacturing and retailers. For some companies, RL implementation was highly mature than others who where in the initial stages of implementation. The method used to collect data was semi structured interviews. All interviews were transcribed by the researcher and analysed accordingly. Relevant themes were assigned along the transcripts to organise the study's content. Those themes included RL concept, main factors, resources, problems, benefits, strategies and greening perspective. Quotations from the interviewees were used in the findings to support information. The findings from the research suggest that companies in New Zealand and Europe have similar factors influencing RL implementation. Alvarez-Gil et al., (2007) found that in Spain, stakeholders, environmental issues, regulations and change in strategic focus (also known as leadership) have encouraged activities such as returns, refurbish and recycle. The only factor that was not found in other studies was information. Furthermore findings show that New Zealand as a whole is leader in pro environmental practices but still there is room to improve on it. Managerial implications are presented in the conclusions chapter. Those implications were deducted from the information obtained from findings based on the researcher's judgment. They are practical and logical so that any company or person wanting to implement RL can benefit by having some advice.</p>

scholarly journals Building Information Modelling: An analysis of the methods used to streamline design-to-construction in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nelson Chan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Significant Factors

<p>The following study explores and investigates the current methods New Zealand (NZ) Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) firms use to enable effective BIM coordination in their projects. The purpose was to gain and contribute knowledge of the various methods for successful BIM delivery, as well, as to bridge the gap between academia and industry for a greater understanding of BIM use in an NZ context.  A qualitative research approach was carried out and comprised of semi-structured interviews in which eight industry participants across the design-to-construction supply chain were selected and interviewed. From the results, the different methods identified were: BIM-to-fabrication; change of procurement methods; and incorporating BIM Collaboration Format (BCF) plugin platforms. These methods identified contribute to knowledge for future researchers to undertake; predominantly to provide direction and recommendations to explore each method in an NZ industry context further.  Further discussions of the results identify that although the different methods can contribute to better BIM coordination, the success of a BIM model to be delivered effectively is dependent on two significant factors. The factors are; firstly, to capture the BIM requirements and needs of the client to establish well-defined deliverables in the BEP; and secondly, to ensure that the project team are to understand their role and responsibilities right throughout the project. This was a crucial finding in this thesis as although the methods are effective in enabling greater BIM coordination; ultimately it comes down to BIM understanding and expertise from key project stakeholders; which brings the notion of the issue back to the root of the problem. Other key findings from this thesis indicate a positive future for BIM within the NZ AEC industry, with many of the participant firms recognised to be proactive and open to incorporating BIM into their projects. Though the signs are encouraging, discussions with industry participants still express their concerns on needing to align the understanding of BIM between key project stakeholders. Therefore, an education piece which focuses on the client and their understanding of BIM in an NZ context is suggested for future research. This thesis also presents academia with valuable industry BIM workflow diagrams which the author has either illustrated or been provided by participants.</p>

Supply chain information sharing: challenges and risk mitigation strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1102-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Thanh Huong Tran ◽  
Paul Childerhouse ◽  
Eric Deakins
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how managers perceive risks associated with sharing information with trading partners, and how they attempt to mitigate them. Design/methodology/approach In this exploratory New Zealand study, qualitative research was conducted involving semi-structured interviews with boundary spanning managers who are responsible for inter-organizational interfaces. Multiple case studies in different industries are used to highlight managers’ perceptions of risks in data exchange process throughout the supply network, and their underlying reasoning. Findings Managers perceive several types of risks when exchanging information across external supply chain interfaces, and adopt different approaches to handling them. The research also reinforces the vital role played by interpersonal relationships and trust as key enablers of inter-organizational cooperation. Research limitations/implications The findings are based on a small sample of 11 case companies based in a single New Zealand province, thereby potentially restricting generalizability. Future work could usefully extend the sample size in order to investigate the correlations between firm sizes, levels of trust, and degrees of data integration within particular industry sectors. Practical implications The findings will help managers understand and evaluate different types of risks in the data exchange process, and enable them to make better decisions that enhance information sharing and supply chain performance. Originality/value Perceived information sharing risks are peculiar to the individual actors, and as such need to be mitigated through changes to their socially constructed perceptions. This work extends the literature on understanding the various dimensions of inter-organizational information sharing.

scholarly journals Minimizing Macro-Level Uncertainties for Quality Assurance in Reverse Logistics Supply Chains of Demolition Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13069
Author(s):  
Madduma Kaluge Chamitha Sanjani Wijewickrama ◽  
Nicholas Chileshe ◽  
Raufdeen Rameezdeen ◽  
Jose Jorge Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Influence Strategies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
External Stakeholders

In light of the increasing detrimental effects on sustainability, the reverse logistics supply chain (RLSC) has emerged as one of the remedies in the construction industry, whereby the bulk of demolition waste (DW) is returned into the production cycle. Quality assurance (QA) plays an important role in RLSCs, which needs an information-rich environment enriched with external stakeholders’ influence strategies. However, due to ineffective external stakeholders’ influence, useful information is not available, making macro-level uncertainties for QA. Given this, the current study aimed to identify the macro-level uncertainties for QA in the RLSC of DW. The study used a qualitative approach involving 21 semi-structured interviews representing five external stakeholder categories. The study found the regulatory uncertainties are the root causes that propagate through incentivizing and contractual uncertainties to influence QA in the RLSC. The external stakeholders could employ measures such as ‘reforming regulatory instruments’, ‘employing effective incentivizing schemes’ and ‘active involvement of forward supply chain actors’ to minimize uncertainties at their source. The external and internal stakeholders can use these findings as a roadmap to determine suitable measures to overcome macro-level uncertainties in the RLSC. Furthermore, the study paved an avenue to integrate stakeholder theory and organizational information processing theory (OIPT) in future research.

scholarly journals Introducing remote printing into the publishing industry of a small, remote economy: The case of New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Timothy Fabling
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Book Industry ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Book Publishing Industry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Printing Technology

<p>This research investigates the expected effects on developed business models of introducing remote printing technology into the New Zealand book publishing industry. Remote printing technology will both address and improve on the constraints of geographical proximity and market size, enabling the New Zealand book publishing industry to collectively grow and experience future prosperity.   Aspects of technological innovation and consumer behaviour are examined to explore issues surrounding geographic proximity and supply chain inefficiencies. Criteria are developed using Just-In-Time (JIT) theory and Supply Chain Management (SCM) to evaluate where remote printing technology might best be integrated in the New Zealand book publishing industry’s supply chain. The mutual effects between remote printing technology adoption and the expected effects on business models are evaluated, identifying which model is expected to provide the most significant benefits in a New Zealand context.   A case study of six New Zealand book industry respondents was conducted. Qualitative data was collected in semi-structured interviews with members associated within different sectors of the New Zealand book publishing industry. The interview data was supplemented with secondary data sources, including publicly available information about the New Zealand book industry. A within-case and cross-case analysis was performed around the research identified above.   By evaluating developed business models and assessing which model/s effectively address the New Zealand context, remote printing offers brick-and-mortar booksellers the ability to better compete with offshore online booksellers. The expected effects remote printing technology will have on the New Zealand book industry are presented. A major contribution to this study is that remote printing technology could in fact have a revolutionary impact on the New Zealand book industry, compared to what has been previously considered.</p>

scholarly journals Introducing remote printing into the publishing industry of a small, remote economy: The case of New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Timothy Fabling
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Book Industry ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Book Publishing Industry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Printing Technology

<p>This research investigates the expected effects on developed business models of introducing remote printing technology into the New Zealand book publishing industry. Remote printing technology will both address and improve on the constraints of geographical proximity and market size, enabling the New Zealand book publishing industry to collectively grow and experience future prosperity.   Aspects of technological innovation and consumer behaviour are examined to explore issues surrounding geographic proximity and supply chain inefficiencies. Criteria are developed using Just-In-Time (JIT) theory and Supply Chain Management (SCM) to evaluate where remote printing technology might best be integrated in the New Zealand book publishing industry’s supply chain. The mutual effects between remote printing technology adoption and the expected effects on business models are evaluated, identifying which model is expected to provide the most significant benefits in a New Zealand context.   A case study of six New Zealand book industry respondents was conducted. Qualitative data was collected in semi-structured interviews with members associated within different sectors of the New Zealand book publishing industry. The interview data was supplemented with secondary data sources, including publicly available information about the New Zealand book industry. A within-case and cross-case analysis was performed around the research identified above.   By evaluating developed business models and assessing which model/s effectively address the New Zealand context, remote printing offers brick-and-mortar booksellers the ability to better compete with offshore online booksellers. The expected effects remote printing technology will have on the New Zealand book industry are presented. A major contribution to this study is that remote printing technology could in fact have a revolutionary impact on the New Zealand book industry, compared to what has been previously considered.</p>

Information Security Compliance Behaviour of Supply Chain Stakeholders

2020 ◽  
pp. 2109-2127
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Shafiu ◽  
William Yu Chung Wang ◽  
Harminder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Supply Chain Security ◽  
Security Compliance ◽  
Organizational Perceptions ◽  
Compliance Behaviour

Supply chain security is an emerging topic in the supply chain management literature. Information security is a key component of supply chain security, and this study aims to identify the factors that influence the compliance behaviour with respect to information security. A related objective is to understand the extent to which compliance was substantive or symbolic. Adopting a qualitative approach, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with stakeholders based in New Zealand who are involved in international supply chains. The interviews find that compliance behaviour is affected by the influence of other organizations, organizational perceptions of compliance, and the rules and norms of exchange in different contexts. The results also indicate that compliance behaviour is more symbolic than substantive in the supply chain environment.

scholarly journals Exploring the meaning and origin of stereotypes amongst South African employees

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizelle Brink ◽  
Jan Alewyn Nel
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Value Add ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Emic Perspective ◽  
Employment Sectors

Orientation: Stereotypes are defined in different ways and also originate from various sources. Research purpose: To investigate how the employees from selected South African organisations understand and define the concept ‘stereotype’ and what the origins of stereotypes are.Motivation for the study: Individuals hold different perceptions of the same concept. Therefore, different individuals within selected South African organisations may interpret the meaning and origin of stereotypes very differently. This study therefore aimed to discover whether individuals have a shared understanding of the concept of stereotypes and whether they are aware of where stereotypes originate from. Research approach, design and method: A combination of both purposive and convenience sampling was used for the purpose of this study. The sample consisted of individuals working in selected South African organisations (N = 336). Various employment sectors formed part of this study. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to collect data and data analysis was done by making use of thematic analysis. Main findings: The results of this study indicated that people employed in selected South African organisations are familiar with stereotypes and have a clear understanding thereof. Participants in this study have a conscious awareness of the origin of stereotypes. Although not all of the participants had direct experiences with stereotyped groups, they were well aware that stereotypes are also caused by indirect sources. Practical implications/managerial implications: When individuals are aware of where their stereotypes originate, they should actively attempt not to rely on their stereotypes when coming into contact with stereotyped groups. Organisations should educate their employees on the process of stereotypes and exactly what this means and where they originate from. Contribution/value-add: With this study the emic perspective pertaining to the meaning and origin of stereotypes is explored within the South African context. By participating in this study, individuals may become aware of the fact that their perceptions and opinions of others may be based on inaccurate information. This study may encourage individuals to truly get to know someone first rather than relying on their possibly inaccurate stereotypes.

scholarly journals Building Information Modelling: An analysis of the methods used to streamline design-to-construction in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nelson Chan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Significant Factors

<p>The following study explores and investigates the current methods New Zealand (NZ) Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) firms use to enable effective BIM coordination in their projects. The purpose was to gain and contribute knowledge of the various methods for successful BIM delivery, as well, as to bridge the gap between academia and industry for a greater understanding of BIM use in an NZ context.  A qualitative research approach was carried out and comprised of semi-structured interviews in which eight industry participants across the design-to-construction supply chain were selected and interviewed. From the results, the different methods identified were: BIM-to-fabrication; change of procurement methods; and incorporating BIM Collaboration Format (BCF) plugin platforms. These methods identified contribute to knowledge for future researchers to undertake; predominantly to provide direction and recommendations to explore each method in an NZ industry context further.  Further discussions of the results identify that although the different methods can contribute to better BIM coordination, the success of a BIM model to be delivered effectively is dependent on two significant factors. The factors are; firstly, to capture the BIM requirements and needs of the client to establish well-defined deliverables in the BEP; and secondly, to ensure that the project team are to understand their role and responsibilities right throughout the project. This was a crucial finding in this thesis as although the methods are effective in enabling greater BIM coordination; ultimately it comes down to BIM understanding and expertise from key project stakeholders; which brings the notion of the issue back to the root of the problem. Other key findings from this thesis indicate a positive future for BIM within the NZ AEC industry, with many of the participant firms recognised to be proactive and open to incorporating BIM into their projects. Though the signs are encouraging, discussions with industry participants still express their concerns on needing to align the understanding of BIM between key project stakeholders. Therefore, an education piece which focuses on the client and their understanding of BIM in an NZ context is suggested for future research. This thesis also presents academia with valuable industry BIM workflow diagrams which the author has either illustrated or been provided by participants.</p>

Cytisine as an alternative smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Vili Nosa ◽  
Kotalo Leau ◽  
Natalie Walker
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
The Pacific

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pacific people in New Zealand have one of the highest rates of smoking.  Cytisine is a plant-based alkaloid that has proven efficacy, effectiveness and safety compared to a placebo and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation.  Cytisine, like varenicline, is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and blocks the rewarding effects of nicotine. Cytisine is naturally found in some plants in the Pacific region, and so may appeal to Pacific smokers wanting to quit. This paper investigates the acceptability of cytisine as a smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand, using a qualitative study design. Methods: In December 2015, advertisements and snowball sampling was used to recruit four Pacific smokers and three Pacific smoking cessation specialists in Auckland, New Zealand. Semi-structured interviews where undertaken, whereby participants were asked about motivations to quit and their views on smoking cessation products, including cytisine (which is currently unavailable in New Zealand). Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, with thematic analysis conducted manually. Findings: Pacific smokers reported wanting to quit for loved ones and family, but did not find currently available smoking cessation products effective. Almost all participants had not previously heard of cytisine, but many of the Pacific smokers were keen to try it. Participants identified with cytisine on a cultural basis (given its natural status), but noted that their use would be determined by the efficacy of the medicine, its cost, side-effects, and accessibility. They were particularly interested in cytisine being made available in liquid form, which could be added to a “smoothie” or drunk as a “traditional tea”.  Participants thought cytisine should be promoted in a culturally-appropriate way, with packaging and advertising designed to appeal to Pacific smokers. Conclusions: Cytisine is more acceptable to Pacific smokers than other smoking cessation products, because of their cultural practices of traditional medicine and the natural product status of cytisine.

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