How can paddy rice farmers adapt to climate change? A case study of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) in Luang Prabang province, Laos

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.26686/wgtn.17151776 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Longlao Nyianu

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Rice Production ◽

Ecological Knowledge ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Key Words Climate Change ◽

Smart Agriculture

<p>Laos is a small and developing nation in Southeast Asia that is vulnerable to climate change. Some of the more severe effects of climate change in Laos are droughts, flooding and insect pests which are impacting rice production. Many paddy rice plantations throughout the country are facing large shortages of rice production for commercial sale and subsistence use. This thesis explores how paddy rice farmers may adapt to climate change effects by focusing on a village in Luang Prabang province, Laos. Drawing on the climate adaptation framework, Climate – Smart Agriculture (CSA) and qualitative interviews with farmers in Thongphiengvilay village, I explore how CSA may help farmers adapt to climate change. The results of this study show that CSA could help Thongphiengvilay farmers cope with increased drought and pests. I also argue that CSA could build on or complement existing Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) already used by farmers. Furthermore, my results indicate that CSA could help farmers who currently use synthetic approaches to tackle their decreasing rice price production. For example, synthetic fertilisers that are currently being used by farmers could be replaced with organic CSA approaches and produce similar yields and also ensure the environmentally sustainability of farmers’ lands for future seasons. Therefore, this thesis recommends a CSA approach for adapting to climate change in Thongphiengvilay village by implementing Climate – Smart Villages (CSVs). Key words: climate change adaptation, CSA, TEK, Laos</p>

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How can paddy rice farmers adapt to climate change? A case study of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) in Luang Prabang province, Laos

10.26686/wgtn.17151776.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Longlao Nyianu

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Rice Production ◽

Ecological Knowledge ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Key Words Climate Change ◽

Smart Agriculture

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Climate Change Perception and Uptake of Climate-Smart Agriculture in Rice Production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12111503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 1503

Author(s):

Robert Ugochukwu Onyeneke ◽

Mark Umunna Amadi ◽

Chukwudi Loveday Njoku ◽

Emeka Emmanuel Osuji

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Principal Component ◽

Rice Production ◽

Climate Risks ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Change Perception ◽

Climate Change Perception ◽

Smart Agriculture ◽

Effective Use ◽

Climate Events

Rice production in Nigeria is vulnerable to climate risks and rice farmers over time have experienced the risks and their respective impacts on rice farming. Rice farmers have also responded to perceived climate risks with strategies believed to be climate-smart. Farmers’ perception of climate risks is an important first step of determining any action to be taken to counteract the negative effects of climate change on agriculture. Studies on the link between perceived climate risks and farmers’ response strategies are increasing. However, there are limited studies on the determinants of rice farmers’ perception of climate events. The paper therefore examined climate change perception and uptake of climate-smart agriculture in rice production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria using cross-sectional data from 347 rice farmers in an important rice-producing area in Nigeria. Principal component analysis, multivariate probit regression model and descriptive statistics were adopted for data analysis. Perceived climate events include increased rainfall intensity, prolonged dry seasons, frequent floods, rising temperature, severe windstorms, unpredictable rainfall pattern and distribution, late onset rain, and early cessation of rain. Farmers’ socioeconomic, farm and institutional characteristics influenced their perception of climate change. Additionally, rice farmers used a variety of climate-smart practices and technologies to respond to the perceived climate events. Such climate-smart practices include planting improved rice varieties, insurance, planting different crops, livelihood diversification, soil and water conservation techniques, adjusting planting and harvesting dates, irrigation, reliance on climate information and forecasts, planting on the nursery, appropriate application of fertilizer and efficient and effective use of pesticides. These climate-smart agricultural measures were further delineated into five broad packages using principal component analysis. These packages include crop and land management practices, climate-based services and irrigation, livelihood diversification and soil fertility management, efficient and effective use of pesticide and planting on the nursery. High fertilizer costs, lack of access to inputs, insufficient land, insufficient capital, pests and diseases, floods, scorching sun, high labour cost, insufficient climate information, and poor extension services were the barriers to uptake of climate-smart agriculture in rice production. Rice farmers should be supported to implement climate-smart agriculture in rice production in order to achieve the objectives of increased rice productivity and income, food security, climate resilience and mitigation.

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Farmers’ Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Reducing the Risk of Rice Production: Evidence from Rajshahi District in Bangladesh

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030600 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 600

Author(s):

Shahjahan Ali ◽

Bikash Chandra Ghosh ◽

Ataul Gani Osmani ◽

Elias Hossain ◽

Csaba Fogarassy

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Rice Production ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Production Risk ◽

Substantial Impact ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Agronomic Practices ◽

Rice Yields ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

A lack of adaptive capacities for climate change prevents poor farmers from diversifying agricultural production in Bangladesh’s drought-resilient areas. Climate change adaptation strategies can reduce the production risk relating to unforeseen climatic shocks and increase farmers’ food, income, and livelihood security. This paper investigates rice farmers’ adaptive capacities to adapt climate change strategies to reduce the rice production risk. The study collected 400 farm-level micro-data of rice farmers with the direct cooperation of Rajshahi District. The survey was conducted during periods between June and July of 2020. Rice farmers’ adaptive capacities were estimated quantitatively by categorizing the farmers as high, moderate, and low level adapters to climate change adaptation strategies. In this study, a Cobb–Douglas production function was used to measure the effects of farmers’ adaptive capacities on rice production. The obtained results show that farmers are moderately adaptive in terms of adaptation strategies on climate change and the degree of adaptation capacities. Agronomic practices such as the quantity of fertilizer used, the amount of labor, the farm’s size, and extension contacts have a substantial impact on rice production. This study recommends that a farmer more significantly adjusts to adaptation strategies on climate change to reduce rice production. These strategies will help farmers to reduce the risk and produce higher quality rice. Consequently, rice farmers should facilitate better extension services and change the present agronomic practice to attain a higher adaptation status. It can be very clearly seen that low adaptability results in lower rice yields.

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Climate Change and Profit Loss

Advanced Integrated Approaches to Environmental Economics and Policy - Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-9562-5.ch006 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 105-119

Author(s):

Huynh Viet Khai

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Natural Environment ◽

Saltwater Intrusion ◽

Mekong Delta ◽

Rice Production ◽

Social Characteristics ◽

Salinity Intrusion ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

The Difference

The chapter aims to evaluate the profit loss of rice farmers due to salinity intrusion by collecting the information of rice production in three regions with the same natural environment conditions, social characteristics (e.g., the same social and farming culture, ethnicity, type of soil), and only differed with respect to the level of salinity in Soc Trang province, one of the most salinity-affected areas in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The study estimated the profit loss in rice production due to saltwater intrusion by the difference in rice profit between the non-salinity and salinity regions and showed this loss was about VND 9.3-15.1 million per ha-1 a year.

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Perception of Climate Change and the Adaptation Strategies and Capacities of the Rice Farmers in Kedah, Malaysia

Environment and Urbanization Asia ◽

10.1177/0975425318822338 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 99-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rulia Akhtar ◽

Muhammad Mehedi Masud ◽

Rafia Afroz

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Adaptive Capacity ◽

Rice Production ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Government Support ◽

Extension Services ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Changing Climate ◽

Government Aid ◽

Available Information

This article attempts to understand the perception of the rice-growing farmers on the issue of climate change (CC) and identify their adaptive capacity (AC). A survey was conducted through structured questionnaires to understand farmers’ perception and adaptation strategies in response to changing climate and variability. The findings indicate that farmers are moderately adaptive to CC in the study area. The result also revealed that the main barriers are lack of funds and government support available information to CC. Farmers with higher AC can produce greater amount of rice. Rice producers should be enabled through improved extension services, government aid, such as grants, training for better level of adaptability, to help them achieve higher rice production.

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Who Is Connected with Whom? A Social Network Analysis of Institutional Interactions in the European CCA and DRR Landscape

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12031275 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1275 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eleni Karali ◽

Dragana Bojovic ◽

Gabriela Michalek ◽

Carlo Giupponi ◽

Reimund Schwarze

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Cluster Analysis ◽

Social Network ◽

Social Network Analysis ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Vision Statements ◽

European Climate

Communication and collaboration are critical for designing and implementing responses to climate change impacts and related disasters. This acknowledgement has increased interest in understanding social and institutional networks for climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR). In this study, we used Social Network Analysis (SNA) to explore institutional interactions within and across the communities of the aforementioned domains in Europe. Firstly, we investigated the type and intensity of interactions. We calculated SNA metrics to assess the roles of different actors and applied cluster analysis to identify actors with similar patterns of connections. SNA showed that communication is often more intensive within the two communities, while collaboration is frequent around topics related to both CCA and DRR. Cluster analysis revealed that actors tied with DRR were more closely connected, while actors tied with CCA and those with mixed connections showed no obvious clustering affinity. The European Climate Adaptation Platform, Climate-ADAPT, had the highest value for various SNA metrics, reflecting its popularity in the network and its potential for enhancing interactions among its actors. Finally, SNA was complemented by qualitative interviews, which emphasised the importance of connecting CCA and DRR in organisational mission and vision statements.

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Assessments of Climate Change Impacts and Effects of Adaptation Policies in the Near Future on Paddy Rice Production in Asia in Consideration of Uncertainties in Climate Predictions

Proceedings of the Symposium on Global Environment ◽

10.2208/proge.16.121 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 121-130

Author(s):

Yuji MASUTOMI ◽

Kiyoshi TAKAHASHI ◽

Hideo HARASAWA ◽

Yuzuru MATSUOKA

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Rice Production ◽

Adaptation Policies ◽

Near Future

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The Effects of Climate Smart Agriculture and Climate Change Adaptation on the Technical Efficiency of Rice Farming—An Empirical Study in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture9050099 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 99 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Thanh Tam Ho ◽

Koji Shimada

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Technical Efficiency ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Mekong Delta ◽

Rice Production ◽

Rice Farming ◽

Adaptation Response ◽

Access To Water ◽

Smart Agriculture ◽

The Individual

This study employed the propensity score matching approach to empirically assess the effects of climate smart agriculture participation and climate change adaptation response on the technical efficiency of rice production. Observational data were collected from in-depth interviews with 352 rice farm households in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The findings indicate that 71% of local farmers adapted their rice farming to climate change related to salinity intrusion and drought, while 29% of farmers did not. Additionally, only twenty-two rice farmers were typically chosen as participants in the climate smart agriculture pilot program by local government and institutions. The choices for adaptation response and climate smart agriculture participation are significantly influenced by agricultural extension services, belief in climate change, the area of farming land, as well as geographical locations (e.g., province and access to water sources). The results also reveal that climate change adaptation response, including climate smart agriculture participation, played a crucial role in improving technical efficiency of rice production by 13%–14% compared to no adaptation response. Regarding the individual effect of climate smart agriculture participation, participants could achieve higher technical efficiency by 5%–8% compared to non-participants.

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Effect of Climate Change on Rice Production: A Case of Six VDCs in Jumla District

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/njst.v11i0.4124 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 57-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sudha Sapkota ◽

Mina Nath Paudel ◽

Naresh Singh Thakur ◽

Megh Bahadur Nepali ◽

Reshma Neupane

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Household Survey ◽

Rice Production ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Genetic Traits ◽

Key Words Climate Change

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple crop of Nepal and is directly associated with ample water and minimum fluctuation of temperature that could affect on its production. Jumla is the unique place where rice is cultivated in the highest altitude (3000 m) in the world. To find out changes in rice production due to climatic effect, six VDCs of Jumla were chosen for the study. Household survey, participatory rapid appraisal, farmers’ group discussions and desk review were used for collecting data. Rice varieties Chandannath-1 andChandannath-3 were disseminated by the formal seed system with the aim of increasing rice productivity. Despite the replacement of local varieties by improved ones the production trend seems to be stagnant. One of the factors on stagnant of rice production in Jumla is due to the lack of desirable variety with genetic traits of early maturity, less nutrient requirement compared to Jumli Marshi to cope up with the climate congruently supporting to cultural practices regarding the unique rice production systems of Jumla. Key words: climate change; rice production; highest altitude; seed DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4124Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 57-62

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