scholarly journals Prediction of Severe Attacks of Exercise-induced Bronchial Asthma in Children using Immunological Blood Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
S. I. Sazhyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Disease Exacerbation ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Asthma Attack ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Bronchial asthma is considered an umbrella diagnosis for various diseases with certain pathophysiological mechanisms (endotypes) and variable clinical manifestations (phenotypes). The phenotype of exercise-induced asthma is one of the most common variants of the disease in children and adolescents. The treatment tactic of acute asthma attack is unified and depends of the severity in contrast to preventive therapy the vector of which provides an individualized approach. However, the issues concerning the duration, frequency of administration and amount of drugs prescription not finally resolved. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the blood immunological parameters in patients with exercise-induced asthma phenotype to predict the severity of disease exacerbation and optimize the reliever therapy. Material and methods. We examined 43 children suffering from exercise-induced asthma. Two clinical groups were formed according to the severity of the exacerbation. The first group included 22 patients with moderate exacerbation of asthma, and the second group had 21 children with severe symptoms of the disease, which was interpreted as a severe asthma attack. There were not any significant differences by sex, place of residence, age and diseases duration among comparison groups. The obtained results showed a significant increase in the level of B-lymphocytes in patients of first clinical group (26.64 %) compared with children with severe exacerbation (20.40 %), increase content of T-lymphocytes (due to T-helper cells) in schoolchildren of the second clinical group (42.32 %) compared with patients with moderate asthma attack (33.32 %). The attributive risk of more severe disease exacerbation with B-lymphocytes ≤20 % and T- helper cells ≥20 % was 36.6 %, the relative risk was 1.9 with odds ratio 5.0. A significantly higher level of pharmazan-positive neutrophils in spontaneous and stimulated modifications of the nitro blue tetrazolium test was recorded in patients with moderate exacerbation (35.18 % and 45.09 %) compared with children of the second clinical group (19.33 % and 27.81 %). The content of neutrophils in the spontaneous nitro blue tetrazolium test ≤15 % allowed evaluating severe compared with moderate asthma attack with specificity of 95.5 %, positive predictive value of 90.9 %, and positive likelihood ratio 10.5. Conclusion. The use of certain immunological parameters allows working out an individual plan for asthma attacks and may reduce the frequency of severe exacerbations in children suffering from exercise-induced bronchial asthma

scholarly journals CLINICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN ADMINISTRATION IN WOMEN WITH RHESUS SENSITIZATION AT THE PRE-GRAVID STAGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
S. G. Chernievskaya ◽  
N. M. Rozhkovska ◽  
V. G. Marichereda ◽  
T. O. Yermolenko
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Human Immunoglobulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Suppressors

The aim of the study – to evaluate changes in cellular immunity in rhesus-sensitized women in response to IVIG administration and the prognostic effectiveness of a method for the prevention of isoimmunization in the next pregnancy. Materials and Methods. The study was performed on the basis of City Maternity Hospital No. 7" (Odesa) in 2014–2019. 37 rhesus-sensitized women were randomly splited in two clinical groups: main clinical group (n=19) where patients received human immunoglobulin for intravenous administration, and control group (n=18) where patients did not receive IVIG. Results and Discussion. The state of cellular immunity in rhesus-sensitized women is characterized by a moderate decrease in the absolute and relative indices of T-lymphocytes while increasing the number of B-lymphocytes. The NK cell population did not differ from the control group. When analyzing subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, it can be concluded that the number of T-helper cells is increased and the number of T-suppressors is proportionally reduced. These changes explain the increase in the number of B-lymphocytes as a result of increasing antigenic load on cell receptors. In the group of women who received IVIG therapy, the ratio of chances of normalization of cellular immunity was 18.41 (95 % CI 2.62–166.74), T-helper – 14.93 (95 % CI) 2.45–107.8), T-suppressors – 14.57 (95 % CI 2.13 –127.57) and B-lymphocytes – 31.87 (95 % CI 4.1–333.41). According to the ROC analysis, the quality of the statistical model of IVIG application corresponds to AUC = 0.843 (95 % CI 0.689–0.941) According to the ROC analysis, the level of β-lymphocytes in the compared AUC groups = 0.58 (95 % CI 0.405–0.742).

scholarly journals Assessment of cytokine profile and T-lymphocyte subpopulations in blood serum in children with allergic diseases of the respiratory system

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
E V Prosekova ◽  
A I Turyanskaya ◽  
N G Plekhova ◽  
M S Dolgopolov ◽  
V A Sabynych
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Serum Cytokine ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Enzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Level Of Significance

Expansion of the range of examined T-helper clones has determined more complex immune mechanisms for the implementation of allergic inflammation. Objective. To characterize the parameters and relationships between the serum cytokine profile and T-lympho-cyte subpopulation in peripheral blood of children with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Materials and methods. 150 children aged between 3-11 years old with bronchial asthma, and allergic rhinitis and 30 healthy volunteers were examined. Immunological parameters were assessed by flow cytometry, the concentration of serum interleukins and IgE were determined by means of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed with «Statistica 10» program with a critical level of significance p

scholarly journals The Humoral Immune Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine Is Associated With Circulating CD19+ B Lymphocytes and the Naïve CD45RA to Memory CD45RO CD4+ T Helper Cells Ratio in Hemodialysis Patients and Kidney Transplant Recipients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anila Duni ◽  
Georgios S. Markopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Mallioras ◽  
Haralampos Pappas ◽  
Efthymios Pappas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Helper Cells

BackgroundThe humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-COV-2 vaccination remain to be elucidated in hemodialysis (HD) patients and kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), considering their baseline immunosuppressed status. The aim of our study was to assess the associations of vaccine-induced antibody responses with circulating lymphocytes sub-populations and their respective patterns of alterations in maintenance HD patients and KTRs.Materials and MethodsWe included 34 HD patients and 54 KTRs who received two doses of the mRNA-vaccine BNT162b2. Lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry before vaccination (T0), before the second vaccine dose (T1) and 2 weeks after the second dose (T2). The anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody response was assessed at T1 and at T2.Results31 HD patients (91.8%) and 16 KTRs (29.6%) became seropositive at T2. HD patients who became seropositive following the first dose displayed higher CD19+ B lymphocytes compared to their seronegative HD counterparts. A positive correlation was established between CD19+ B cells counts and antibody titers at all time-points in both groups (p < 0.001). KTRs showed higher naïve CD4+CD45RA+ T helper cells compared to HD patients at baseline and T2 whereas HD patients displayed higher memory CD45RO+ T cells compared to KTRs at T2. The naïve CD4+CD45RA to memory CD4+CD45RO+ T helper cells fraction was negatively associated with antibody production in both groups.ConclusionsOur study provides a potential conceptual framework for monitoring vaccination efficacy in HD patients and KTRs considering the correlation established between CD19+ B cells, generation of memory CD4+ T helper cells and anti SARS-CoV2 antibody response to vaccination.

INDIСATORS OF THE LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS AS EFFICICIENCY PREDICTORS OF THERAPY WITH INHIBITORS OF TNFα IN CHILDREN WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-730
Author(s):  
S. V. Petrichuk ◽  
L. V. Miroshkina ◽  
E. L. Semikina ◽  
A. P. Toptygina ◽  
A. S. Potapov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Cells

(IBD), who were for the first time treated with TNFα blocker (infliximab). Our aim was to determine prognostic informative value of the immunological parameters in order to assess the treatment efficiency. A comprehensive research included seventy children with IBD from 12 to 18 years old in the course of specific treatment (49 children with CD, 21 children with UC).The comparison group consisted of fifty healthy children of similar age who were subjected to a similar detailed examination. The patients were divided into two groups, depending on their therapeutic response following 1 year of biological therapy: the first group showed a persistent positive effect of the drug, and the second group exhibited only unstable effects of the treatment. We determined the contents of major and small subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes before the first administration of infliximab. Immunophenotyping was performed by multicolor flow cytometry (FC 500), using the CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD16, CD56, HLA-DR, CD5, CD161, CD127, CD25, and CD294 markers.We have revealed that the content of B lymphocytes was significantly reduced in children with unstable effects of therapy. By contrast, the B lymphocyte levels in children with persistent positive therapeutic effect did not differ from the comparison group. Analysis of the composition of the B lymphocyte profile showed an imbalance in the B1-to-B2 cell ratio, with decreased of B1 cell counts in IBD patients against the comparison group. In addition, the patients with unstable therapeutic effect showed a significant decrease in B2 cell numbers compared with a group with persistent effect and comparison group. The numbers of NK cells in IBD patients were found to be reduced against the comparison group. Assessment of T lymphocytes subsets revealed a number of features in the patients with minimal therapeutic effects, i.e., an increased level of activated T helper cells (CD4+CD25+CD127high) and Th17 lymphocytes (CD3+CD4+CD161+), as compared to children with stable effect of treatment and to the comparison group. Moreover, in children with minimal effects of therapy, the levels of Tregs within T-helper cell subsets were significantly higher than in the comparison group. By means of ROC analysis, we have identified most informative parameters for the groups with minimal versus persistent therapeutic effect, and showed a good quality for a discrimination model involving relative amount of Th17 cells, activated T helper cells and B lymphocytes. The number of Тh17 lymphocytes (% CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes) allowed to predict the effect of therapy with a TNFα blocker with high probability. The present study enables us to propose cellular immunity testing, as a promising tool for monitoring clinical state of IBD patients.

scholarly journals Продуктивність та неспецифічна резистентність курчат-бройлерів за дії β-каротину

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.V. Shevchenko ◽  
O.S. Yaremchuk ◽  
V.M. Mykhalska
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Suppressors ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Β Carotene

<p>Use in feeding broiler chickens of Vitaton and Vitadeps with and without butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) improves feed intake and water, and has no effect on body weight. The feeding of broiler chickens with mix fodder of Vitaton and BHT in doses that meet and exceed the physiological need of β-carotene calculated for retinol and Vitaton with no OSH in a normal dose of β-carotene did not significantly alter the absolute number of lymphocytes blood and the ratio of their subpopulation responsible for cellular (T-lymphocytes) and humoral (B-lymphocytes) immunity. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils and phagocytic index were not significantly changed in the peripheral blood of broiler chickens at feeding Vitaton as a source of β-carotene with/without BHT. Use of Vitaton without BHT in feeding of broiler chickens at a dose of 0.7 g/kg caused a lymphocytopenia. In chickens of this group we noted a decrease in the total number of lymphocytes in the blood due to decrease of cellular and humoral immunity, namely all subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, including T-helper cells - by 58.3 %, T-suppressors - by 41.0, T-helper cells active - at 43.5, B-lymphocytes by 60.1 %, and 0-lymphocytes – by 40.0 %. This is consistent with the reduction in titer of natural antibodies in their serum by 35.3 %. This phagocytic activity of neutrophils and index of phagocytes in blood of broiler chickens unchanged compared with the control. Use of Vitadeps in feeding broiler chickens at a dose of 5.6 g/kg in mix fodder also caused lymphocytopenia. This was reflected in the decrease of absolute number of blood 0-lymphocytes by 43.4 %, T-suppressors - by 38.7 % and T-helper cells active - by 39.0 %, but their ratio in the blood was like control level. Thus, usage of Vitaton and Vitadeps with/without butylhydroxytoluene in doses that meet the bird demands of β-carotene calculated to vitamin A, ensure the normal functioning of immune organs. Use of Vitaton with BHT as a source of β-carotene for the feeding of broiler chickens at a dose exceeding the normal content of vitamin A by 7 times, does not cause the violations of immunological homeostasis of the poultry. The Vitaton without butylhydroxytoluene and Vitadeps in doses exceeding the normal content of bird β-carotene calculated to vitamin A by 7 times depressing the immunopoesis in broiler chickens.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of Cellular Component Indicators of Immune Status of Rhesus Macaques

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
G. V. Borisevich ◽  
S. L. Kirillova ◽  
O. N. Sidorova ◽  
V. N. Lebedev ◽  
A. A. Petrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Cellular Constituent

Objective. Selection of indicators of lymphocyte populations in rhesus macaques determined by flow cytometry to evaluate variations of cellular constituent of their immune status.Materials and methods. Blood of 11 healthy rhesus macaque males, 2,0–2,5 years old, weighing 2,5–3,0 kg, was used. Monkeys were examined simultaneously in each of 7 months of observation (since May till November). Immunophenotyping was conducted by FC500 cytofluorimeter using Affymetrix eBioscience monoclonal antibodies. The following cellular constituent indicators of immune status were differentiated: total T lymphocytes (phenotype CD2+CD20-); total B lymphocytes (phenotype CD2-CD20+); natural killer cells (phenotype CD2+CD56+); T helper cells (phenotype CD2+CD4+); cytotoxic T lymphocytes (phenotype CD2+CD8+); double-positive T lymphocytes (phenotype CD4+CD8+) and T lymphocytes positive by antigens CD2 and CD20 (phenotype CD2+CD20+).Results and discussion. Statistical analysis of the obtained results revealed the absence of the effect of research time factor on the stated indicators. To assess changes in the cellular constituent of immune status of rhesus macaques, it is possible to use indicators that are less variable: total T and B lymphocytes, T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T lymphocytes with phenotype (CD2+CD20+). The use of CD56 as a marker of natural killer cells of rhesus macaques is impractical due to its low expression and a small size of the population bearing this marker. The research results may form the basis of the normative indicators of the subpopulation cell composition of immune system in rhesus macaques, which will allow the study of infected animals when assessing the quality of medical products in relation to dangerous and particularly dangerous infections. 

scholarly journals Dynamics of blood immunological indicators in the period of the reproductive cycle under different technologies of keeping

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (92) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
N. U. Krempa
Keyword(s):  
T Helper Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Suppressors ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Reproduction Period ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Very High

The obtained results of search on the influence of technology and conditions of sows holding of different physiological states on immunological parameters indicate that that the content of T-lymphocytes in the blank and sows of the first half of fertility in both farms was very high and exceeded the upper limit of physiological norm by 1–3% on average. However, with the onset of the second half of fertility and lactation in sows, a decrease in its level, fluctuating within the limits of the physiological norm (49.12%–51.37%), was noted. The content of T-helper cells in sows of all physiological groups of both farms was within the limits of the physiological norm. The difference between the indicators was the highest in sows of the second half of fertility – 8%, in favor of sows from the farm of the Staryi Sambir district. In other groups of sows the T-helper's content varied from 0.12% to 1.7%, with the overwhelming majority in favor of sows from the Zolochiv district. In fact, the same percentages were the indexes of the contents of T-suppressors of  blank and sows of the first half of the fertility of both farms. In the sows of the second half of fertility, the difference between the indicators of this population of lymphocytes was 3.37%, the predominantly higher rate was observed in sows from the farm of the Zolochiv district. In lactating sows, the difference in rates was significantly lower, only 0.88%, with a tendency for growth in animals from the Staryi Sambir district. An analysis of the level of humoral protection of the sow's blood of reproduction period showed, that in all physiological groups, except lactating, the content of B-lymphocytes was on average 0.38% – 0.95% higher was in sows from the farm of Zolochiv district. In lactating animals, the level of these lymphocytes was 3.75% higher in females from the economy of the Staryi Sambir district. The immunoregulatory index in almost all animal groups exceeded the upper limit of the physiological norm by 0.11%–0.48%. The exception was only sows of the second half of fertility from the farm of Zolochiv district and lactating sows from the economy of the Staryi Sambir district, where the index of IRI was at the level of the upper limit of the physiological norm, but did not exceed it. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils ranged from 38.68% to 63.05% and did not exceed the physiological norm. The index of phagocytic number in all groups of sows corresponded to physiological norms. Exceptions were sows from the economy of the Staryi Sambir district, the indicator corresponded to the value of 3.44, which is 0.56 less than the lower limit of physiological norm.

scholarly journals Ability of antigen-specific helper cells to effect a class-restricted increase in total Ig-secreting cells in spleens after immunization with the antigen.

1979 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y J Rosenberg ◽  
J M Chiller
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Present Report ◽  
B Cell Activation ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Stimulation Of

Immunization with antigens stimulates not only B lymphocytes secreting specific antibody but, in addition, results in the generation of very large numbers of splenic Ig-secreting cells which lack specificity for that antigen. The present report examined the nature of the antigens capable of eliciting this effect and the mechanisms whereby B cells could be nonspecifically activated. It is shown that the ability of T-dependent, but not T-independent antigens, to induce such increases requires the participation of T helper cells specific for the antigen so that any one antigen results in the activation of only a proportion of total B cells. Analysis of this nonspecific plaque-forming-cell response reveals that B cell activation is not random but occurs in a class-restricted manner. The magnitude of the increase and the isotype produced are shown to be characteristic of the immunizing antigen. Based on the data presented, the apparent nonspecific T-B collaboration can best be explained by invoking a second Ig-specific helper mechanism in which helper cells capable of recognizing determinants on Ig molecules, e.g. isotype or idiotype, cause the stimulation of B cells of any specificity providing they express that determinant.

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