scholarly journals Risk factors for eye complications in patients with diabetes mellitus: development and progression

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 313-325
Author(s):  
M. El Shazly ◽  
M. Zeid ◽  
A. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Control Study

A multicentre case-control study was conducted to identify and quantify risk factors that may influence the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. A total of 200 diabetic patients with nonproliferative retinopathy were compared with 400 diabetic patients without any eye complications with regard to the development of diabetic retinopathy. They were also compared with 200 diabetic patients with major eye complications to study the progression of diabetic eye complications. Results showed that the progression of diabetic eye complications was preventable since all the variables significantly affecting the process of progression, except type of diabetes, were avoidable

scholarly journals Determinants of diabetic retinopathy in Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Ethiopia: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalid Seid ◽  
Temamen Tesfaye ◽  
Admasu Belay ◽  
Hayat Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Systolic Hypertension ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Diabetic retinopathy is the most frequent complication of Diabetes Mellitus and remains the leading cause of preventable blindness. However, there are limited studies on the determinants of diabetic retinopathy in the study area as well in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess the determinants of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients at Tikur Anbessa Hospital. Methods An institution-based unmatched case–control study design was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Hospital from May 11 to June 26, 2020. Diabetic patients who developed retinopathy within 2 years were cases in the study. Patients who were free of retinopathy were controls in this study. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire, Topcon retinal examination, and a record review. The collected data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 software, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the determinants of diabetic retinopathy. Results A total of 282 patients (142 cases and 140 controls) were included in the study. The mean age (± Standard deviation) for the cases and the controls were 50.6 (SD: ± 18.7) and 44.9 (SD: ± 17.65) respectively. Patients who had a glucometer at home (AOR = 0.048; 95% CI: 0.005–0.492), exercise adherence (AOR = 0.075; 95% CI: 0.007–0.84), diabetes duration < 5 years (AOR = 0.005; 95% CI: 0.00–0.10) and 5–10 years (AOR = 0.041; 95% CI: 0.003–0.57), health information on diabetic complications (AOR = 0.002; 95% CI: 0.00–0.042) and appointments every month (AOR = 0.004; 95% CI: 0.00–0.073) and every 3 months (AOR = 0.022; 95% CI: 0.002–0.23) were less likely to develop diabetic retinopathy. Participants who had poor glycemic control (AOR = 19.9; 95% CI: 2.34–168.69), systolic hypertension (AOR = 23.4; 95% CI: 2.56–215.36) and nephropathy (AOR = 17.85; 95% CI: 2.01–158.1), had a higher risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. Conclusions Patients who had a glucometer at home, exercise adherence, diabetes duration < 10 years, health information on diabetic complications, and frequent follow-up had a preventive role. However, poor glycemic control, systolic hypertension, and nephropathy increase the risk of diabetic retinopathy. A concerted effort should be made to improve the health status of patients with Diabetes Mellitus, with particular emphasis on lifestyle modification practices to prevent diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus infections and associated risk factors in patients with diabetes mellitus; case control study in North West Tigray, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebretsakan Gebrekristos ◽  
Mebrahtu Teweldemedhin ◽  
Letebrhan Hagos ◽  
Tuom Gebrewahid ◽  
Berihu Gidey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
North West ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus, anti-secretory drugs and other risk factors for campylobacter gastro-enteritis in adults: a case-control study

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. NEAL ◽  
R. C. B. SLACK
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Foreign Travel ◽  
Drinking Milk ◽  
Campylobacter Infection ◽  
Control Study

The epidemiology of notified cases of campylobacter gastroenteritis in adults in Nottingham Health District was investigated using a case-control study with a postal questionnaire to ascertain data on risk factors. Over a 14-month period 531 cases (a 73% response rate of all laboratory confirmed cases) and 512 controls replied.Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent associations with infection. These included foreign travel (odds ratio (OR) 3·4; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2·0–5·7), diabetes mellitus (OR 4·1, CI 1·1–17), medication with omeprazole (OR 3·5, CI 1·1–12) and H2 and H2 antagonists (OR 3·7, CI 1·3–15), contact with puppies (OR11·3, CI1·2–105), eating chicken (OR 1·4, CI 1·1–1·8) and drinking milk from bottles with tops damaged by a bird (OR 3·3, CI 1·0–11). Preparing main meals (OR 0·9, CI 0·8–1·0) and drinking delivered milk (OR 0·6, CI 0·4–0·9) were associated with a reduced risk of campylobacter infection.Foreign travel was reported in 25% of cases and another 15% had significant associations with other risk factors. The majority of cases, 60%, remained unexplained, indicating the need for further evolution of sporadic cases.

scholarly journals Risk of latent tuberculosis infection among diabetic patients in Azadi Teaching Hospital, Duhok province: a case control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muayad A Merza ◽  
Abdul Aziz Sulaiman Savo ◽  
Muhammad Jaafer
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Previous Hospitalization ◽  
Control Study

Diabetes can be linked with impaired host immunity that subsequently increases the rate of various infections including tuberculosis (TB), particularly in developing countries where TB is endemic. The objectives of this case control study were to determine the prevalence and the risk of LTBI among diabetic patients. It is a prospective case control study conducted in Azadi Teaching Hospital from September 2017 until May 2018. The diabetic patients included in this study were randomly selected. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) was made according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Diabetes mellitus patients and the control participants were offered a voluntary tuberculin skin test (TST). The TST ≥10 mm was considered positive. The results were analyzed by entering the data in SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences, version 16; SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Two hundred DM patients and 208 control individuals participated in this study. Collectively, 28 patients had positive TST results. Based on the sputum smear microscopy and CXR, none of these patients showed active TB disease. The differences between the DM patients and the control group had no statistical significance apart from previous hospitalization. The prevalence of LTBI was 23.53% in the diabetic group, whereas, it was 9.62% in the control group. The frequency of LTBI in diabetic patients was significantly higher than the control group. When the diabetic group was compared with the control group in terms of diabetic control and the duration of diabetes disease, there was a statistically significant association of diabetes duration ≥ 10 years and TST positivity. In conclusion, the previous hospitalization was a significant risk factor for diabetic patients to acquire TB bacilli. Latent TB infection was more common in diabetics than non diabetics and there was an increased likelihood of having LTBI with the duration of diabetes ≥ 10 years. To avoid the threatening of TB control program, prophylactic treatment of LTBI in diabetic patients is paramount.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2018, 4(2): 227-232

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with peripheral neuropathy among diabetic individuals: a case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Christa Kingston ◽  
Aravindan J. ◽  
Srikumar Walsalam
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is one among the most common complication in diabetes mellitus. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy hinders the quality of life causing morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to find the risk factors associated with diabetic neuropathy.Methods: This case control study involved 100 diabetic patients attending the Dohnavur fellowship hospital, Dohnavur from October 2019 to March 2020. Sociodemographic profile and diabetic characteristics of the study group were obtained and analysed. Diagnosis of Diabetic Neuropathy was done by using the diagnostic method proposed by American Diabetic Association.Results: Of the total study population with mean age 59.43 years, 63% had family history of diabetes. Almost 70% had poor diabetic control. Statistically significant relationships were found between neuropathy and duration of diabetes, glycaemic control, history of hypertension, monofilament test and pinprick sensation.Conclusions: In this study, glycemic control, dyslipidemia and hypertension were modifiable risk factors for diabetic neuropathy. Early interventional programs to sensitize diabetics on these factors could improve the quality of life of Diabetic patients. 

scholarly journals Alterations of liver enzymes in T2DM: a case control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1521
Author(s):  
Chandrashekhar G. S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Control Study

Background: Liver plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose in fed state as well as in fasting. Diabetes mellitus can result as a consequence of liver disorder and vice versa. Objective of the present study is to compare the liver enzymes in type 2 diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients.Methods: A case- control study was conducted in Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Adarsha Super speciality Hospital, Udupi from April 2018 to August 2018. The data of 174 diabetic patients and 118 healthy people as controls was collected. Fasting blood glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were estimated in the study subjects.Results: It was found that AST levels (47.55±4.69U/L) in diabetics extremely significantly high as compared to controls (33.51±2.33U/L). ALT levels were insignificantly high in diabetics compared to controls. ALP was significantly elevated (p=0.0002) in diabetics. Correlation study showed a weak positive correlation between AST, ALT and blood glucose. Odds ratio showed a higher risk of liver enzyme elevation in diabetics. Risk of elevation of AST was found to be 1.65 times high and ALT was 1.25 times high in diabetics compared to non-diabetics.Conclusions: Diabetics had high liver enzymes as compared to non-diabetics. An association was found between type 2 diabetes mellitus and liver enzymes. For better characterization of cause and effect, further studies need to be done on alterations in liver function tests along with the histopathological analysis of liver biopsy samples.

A Case-Control Study on Risk Factors affected Peripherals Neuropathic complication in Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 4040-4046
Author(s):  
Made Krisna Adi Jaya ◽  
Dewa Ayu Swastini ◽  
Baiq Leny Nopitasari ◽  
Putu Rika Veryanti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Control Study

Background: Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a microvascular complication that commonly occurs in people with diabetes mellitus. Geriatrics with type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the populations most vulnerable to this complication. An epidemiological study states that geriatrics has a 32% greater risk of developing this complication compared to other age groups. There have not been many studies conducted to evaluate the risk factors that influence this DPN complication, so it needs to be done an individual evaluation for the elderly population. Objective: This study aims to explore the risk factors that influence the incidence of DPN in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A case-control study design was carried out on 70 geriatrics with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The outcome determined was the incidence of DPN to track the cause of DPN exposure retrospectively. Influential risk factors are determined by the Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). All statistical analyzes were two-tailed, and p-values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Seven factors influence the incidence of DPN in the elderly consisting of smoking history (OR=13.1), uncontrolled lipid profile (OR=5.1), non-neuroprotector users (OR=5.6), uncontrolled blood glucose (OR=42.7), history of heart disease (OR=9.0), uncontrolled blood pressure (OR=4.3), and BMI above normal (OR=5.1). Conclusion: Strong recommendation for medical personnel to focus attention on seven significant risk factors affected complications of DPN to reduce its progression or prevent upcoming complications.

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