scholarly journals Socioeconomic predictors of unconstrained child growth in Muscat, Oman

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302
Author(s):  
A. J. Mohamed ◽  
A. W. Onyango ◽  
M. de Onis ◽  
N. Prakash ◽  
R. M. Mabry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
International Growth ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Sociodemographic Data ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Registers ◽  
Height For Age

Weconducted a study to identify socioeconomic factors associated with unconstrained growth among preschoolers in Muscat, Oman. A sample of children born in 1995 and aged 28-43 months was drawn from the Child Health Registers of 2 health care centres. Sociodemographic data were collected by oral interview and maternal and child anthropometry measured. Regression analysis was used to identify socioeconomic indicators and cut-offs associated with unconstrained growth. Children from households with a monthly income > or = 800 Omani rials and mother’s education > or = 4 years attained height-for-age levels comparable to the current international growth reference. By screening using this criterion, we could obtain a suitable sample for the World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study in Muscat

scholarly journals Comparison of the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards and the National Center for Health Statistics/WHO international growth reference: implications for child health programmes

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 942-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes de Onis ◽  
Adelheid W Onyango ◽  
Elaine Borghi ◽  
Cutberto Garza ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
World Health ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
International Growth ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Programmes

AbstractObjectivesTo compare growth patterns and estimates of malnutrition based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards (‘the WHO standards’) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)/WHO international growth reference (‘the NCHS reference’), and discuss implications for child health programmes.DesignSecondary analysis of longitudinal data to compare growth patterns (birth to 12 months) and data from two cross-sectional surveys to compare estimates of malnutrition among under-fives.SettingsBangladesh, Dominican Republic and a pooled sample of infants from North America and Northern Europe.SubjectsRespectively 4787, 10 381 and 226 infants and children.ResultsHealthy breast-fed infants tracked along the WHO standard's weight-for-age mean Z-score while appearing to falter on the NCHS reference from 2 months onwards. Underweight rates increased during the first six months and thereafter decreased when based on the WHO standards. For all age groups stunting rates were higher according to the WHO standards. Wasting and severe wasting were substantially higher during the first half of infancy. Thereafter, the prevalence of severe wasting continued to be 1.5 to 2.5 times that of the NCHS reference. The increase in overweight rates based on the WHO standards varied by age group, with an overall relative increase of 34%.ConclusionsThe WHO standards provide a better tool to monitor the rapid and changing rate of growth in early infancy. Their adoption will have important implications for child health with respect to the assessment of lactation performance and the adequacy of infant feeding. Population estimates of malnutrition will vary by age, growth indicator and the nutritional status of index populations.

World Health Organization 2006 Child Growth Standards and 2007 Growth Reference Charts

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Turck ◽  
Kim F. Michaelsen ◽  
Raanan Shamir ◽  
Christian Braegger ◽  
Cristina Campoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Health Organization

Validation of growth standards and growth references: A review of literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110248
Author(s):  
Anesu Marume ◽  
Moherndran Archary ◽  
Saajida Mahomed
Keyword(s):  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Quantitative Review ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
International Growth ◽  
Growth References ◽  
Standards Adoption ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Similar Growth

The World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards provide the most recognized and widely accepted way of assessing child growth. To ensure its applicability, accuracy, and reliability, studies have validated WHO growth standards against local populations and other internationally recognized growth references. We reviewed outcomes of evaluations done on WHO growth standards and assess the appropriateness of using these growth standards on a global level. We undertook a systematic quantitative review of studies published from 2011 to 2020 from multiple databases. Studies were included if they considered children aged 59 months and below and reported on validation of growth standards. There was an agreement in studies that validated WHO growth standards against international growth references of its superiority in identifying stunted, overweight, and obese children. However, they were less likely to identify underweight children. None of the studies reviewed reported similar growth trajectories to WHO standards in all indicators considered. Regional differences in child growth were observed in comparison to WHO growth standards. Adoption of regional-specific standards increases the sensitivity of identifying children with adverse nutrition outcomes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Stunting According to WHO Growth Standards and Indonesian Growth Reference Charts: A Descriptive Study from Blega Sub-District

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Nafiys Hilmy ◽  
Maitsa' Fatharani
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Growth Charts ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
National Growth

Stunting is one of the remaining health issues in Indonesia and its prevalence was still high in the last decades. There are two types of growth charts that can be used in recording the child's growth: growth standards and growth references. In recent times, the selection of the suitable growth charts has become a subject of discussion in many countries. The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of stunting according to World Health Organization Child Growth Standards (WHOCGS) and Indonesian National Growth Reference Charts (INGRC) of children under five from the Blega sub-district. The secondary data from 2884 children were collected recapitulation of the 'Bulan Timbang' program in February 2020. Z-score of length/height-for-age was plotted according to WHOCGS and INGRC. The result showed that the prevalence of stunting were lower for the INGRC than WHOCGS (5.83% and 11.17%, with p-value <0.001). There was an advantage and disadvantage when using both two growth charts. Further research is still needed to support the result of this study. Keywords:  Stunting, World Health Organization Child Growth Standards, Indonesian National Growth Reference Charts

Nutritional Status of Pediatric Patients in Ramathibodi Hospital Using the WHO Child Growth Standard and the Thai Growth Reference

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Child Growth Standard

Background: The appropriate assessment of nutritional status in children is an essential aspect of health supervision. Currently, there are two references used for growth assessment in Thailand. The WHO child growth standard, which has been widely used since 2007, and the Thai growth reference developed by the Ministry of Public Health, which has been used since 1998. However, there were very few studies that made a direct comparison between both tools. Objective: To compare the nutritional status of healthy pediatric patients in Ramathibodi Hospital assessed by the World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standard and the Thai growth reference. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study. The data were collected from all pediatric patients registered in the outpatient department (OPD) of Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital between January 2013 and December 2018. All healthy children (aged 0 to 15 years) were included. Exclusion criteria of possibly chronically ill children were defined by those who were 1) visiting subspecialty clinics, 2) OPD and emergency room (ER) visits more than ten times per year, 3) having ICD-10 of chronic conditions, or 4) had been admitted in the hospital during the study. The weight and height or length data were extracted from the Electronic Medical Record system. All data were analyzed by the Stata Statistical Software focusing on age and sex-specific Z-scores, which references the WHO child growth standard and the Thai growth reference. Results: Sixty-two thousand one hundred four OPD visits were divided into 31,662 OPD visits for boys and 30,442 OPD visits for girls. Percent of weight for age and height or length for age more than +2 Z-score of both boys and girls when using the Thai growth reference was greater than that using the WHO child growth standard, especially for children aged 0 to 12 months. The Thai growth reference classified as overweight were approximately 10.26% to 31.12% more than using the WHO child growth standard. There was no difference in classification of height by both standards. Conclusion: There was a difference in classification of nutritional status between the Thai growth reference and the WHO child growth standard. Keywords: Nutritional status, Pediatric growth reference, Assessment tool, Overweight

Prevalence of and factors associated with insufficient physical activity among adolescents: evidence from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif ◽  
Md Showkat Ali Khan ◽  
Abu Ahmed Shamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
World Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽  
The World ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The World Health Organization set a target of a 15% relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity (IPA) by 2025 among adolescents and adults globally. In Bangladesh, there are no national estimates of the prevalence of IPA among adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent girls and boys. Data for 4865 adolescent girls and 4907 adolescent boys, collected as a part of a National Nutrition Surveillance in 2018–19, were analysed for this study. A modified version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to collect physical activity data. The World Health Organization recommended cut-off points were used to estimate the prevalence of IPA. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with IPA. Prevalences of IPA among adolescent girls and boys were 50.3% and 29.0%, respectively, and the prevalence was significantly higher among early adolescents (10–14 years) than late adolescents (15–19 years) among both boys and girls. The IPA prevalence was highest among adolescents living in non-slum urban areas (girls: 77.7%; boys: 64.1%). For both boys and girls, younger age, non-slum urban residence, higher paternal education and increased television viewing time were significantly associated with IPA. Additionally, residing in slums was significantly associated with IPA only among the boys. Higher maternal education was associated with IPA only among the girls. This study identified several modifiable risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent boys and girls in Bangladesh. These factors should be addressed through comprehensive public health interventions to promote physical activity among adolescent girls and boys.

Construction of the World Health Organization child growth standards: selection of methods for attained growth curves

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Borghi ◽  
M. de Onis ◽  
C. Garza ◽  
J. Van den Broeck ◽  
E. A. Frongillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN STUNTING DENGAN KARAKTERISTIK ANAK, ASUPAN GIZI, DAN ANEMIA PADA BATITA DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS CIBEBER

2021 ◽  
pp. 293-304
Author(s):  
Dinar Mutiara ◽  
Andri Andrian Rusman ◽  
Rizky Sukma Ruhimat
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Food Recall ◽  
X 24 ◽  
Health Organization

Stunting adalah suatu keadaan tinggi badan menurut umur (TB/U) seseorang yang tidak sesuai dengan umur dan merupakan indikator dari malnutrisi pada anak usia dini. Seseorang dikatakan stunting bila z-score indeks TB/U atau PB/U-nya kurang dari (-2) standar deviasi berdasarkan World Health Organization-Multicentre Growth Reference Study (WHO-MGRS). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan stunting dengan karakteristik anak (usia, jenis kelamin, dan BBLR), asupan zat gizi (asupan zat besi dan protein), dan anemia pada anak batita di wilayah Puskesmas Cibeber. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode analitik secara potong lintang. Pengumpulan sampel diambil dengan cara non-probability sampling, yaitu menggunakan metode consecutive sampling pada bulan Januari - Februari 2021 dan diperoleh 32 sampel. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa alat ukur tinggi badan, hemoglobinometer, dan lembar food recall 2 x 24 jam. Hasil uji statistik kai kuadrat didapatkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan zat gizi dengan kejadian stunting pada batita, yaitu asupan protein dengan nilai p= 0,012 dan asupan zat besi dengan nilai p=0,028. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pada jenis kelamin dengan nilai p= 0,476, BBLR dengan nilai p= 0,365, dan anemia dengan nilai p= 0,288 dengan kejadian stunting pada anak batita. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini setelah dilakukan uji bivariat adalah faktor asupan zat gizi yang berupa asupan zat besi dan protein memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak batita. Pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi batita sangat dibutuhkan untuk mencegah stunting sehingga proses perkembangan anak batita dapat berjalan sesuai dengan tahapannya.

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