scholarly journals Perancangan Kendali Optimal pada Motor Arus Searah Tanpa Sikat melalui Metode LQRI

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHOIRUDIN FATHONI ◽  
ARYO BASKORO UTOMO
Keyword(s):  
Rise Time ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Control Signal ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Cost Matrix ◽  
R Matrix ◽  
Set Point

ABSTRAKArtikel ini akan menjelaskan perancangan kendali kecepatan MASTS  dengan tujuan diperoleh respon kecepatan MASTS yang tanggap serta memiliki sinyal kendali dan arus minimal. Untuk mencapai hal ini MASTS akan dikendalikan melalui metode Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) dengan state yang dipilih adalah arus, kecepatan, dan state integral galat kecepatan. Diperlukan penalaan nilai parameter Q matriks bobot state dan R matriks bobot input untuk mendapatkan performa kecepatan dan arus yang terbaik. Berdasarkan pengujian diperoleh bahwa dengan kendali LQR-I, kecepatan MASTS dapat mengikuti set point dengan respon rise time Tr = 0,03 detik, settling time Ts=0,044 detik, overshoot (OS) 1,6 %, arus Imax=0,16 A dan dutycycle sinyal kontrol umax 56% pada kondisi tanpa beban dan Tr = 0,03 detik, Ts=0,044 detik, OS 1,6 %, Imax=0,16 A dan umax 56% pada kondisi berbeban. Dibandingkan dengan kendali PID ketika tanpa beban mempunyai Tr=0,0176 Ts=0,075 %OS=3,9% umax=96% Imax=0,35 A, LQRI mempunyai respon settling time, sinyal kendali dan arus yang lebih baik.Kata kunci: Motor Arus Searah Tanpa Sikat, Kendali Optimal, Linear  Quadratic Regulator dan Integral ABSTRACTThis paper aimed to discuss further research about BLDC motor speed control so that BLDC not only has fast speed response but also has minimum control signal and current using LQR (Linear Quadratic Regulator) control with chosen states are current, speed of BLDC, and speed error integral state. Tuning of Q and R matrix is required to reach the best speed and current performance. Where Q and R matrix is state cost matrix and input cost matrix, respectively. Result show that LQR-I control can track set point with rise time Tr = 0.03 s, settling time Ts=0,044 s, overshoot (OS) 1,6 %, current Imax=0,16 A and dutycycle control signal umax 56% in no load condition, and Tr = 0,03 s, Ts=0,044 s, OS 1,6 %, Imax=0,16 A dan umax 56% in the load condition. Compared to PID controller which has Tr=0,0176 Ts=0,075 %OS=3,9% umax=96% Imax=0,35 A in no load condition, proposed controller has a better settling time, control signal and current.Keywords: BLDC Motor, Optimal Control, LQR and Integral

scholarly journals FULL CAR ACTIVE DAMPING SYSTEM FOR VIBRATION CONTROL

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
G. Yakubu ◽  
G. Sani ◽  
S. B. Abdulkadir ◽  
A. A.Jimoh ◽  
M. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Active Damping ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Body Acceleration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
Lqr Controller ◽  
Mass Displacement

Full car passive and active damping system mathematical model was developed. Computer simulation using MATLAB was performed and analyzed. Two different road profile were used to check the performance of the passive and active damping using Linear Quadratic Regulator controller (LQR)Road profile 1 has three bumps with amplitude of 0.05m, 0.025 m and 0.05 m. Road profile 2 has a bump with amplitude of 0.05 m and a hole of -0.025 m. For all the road profiles, there were 100% amplitude reduction in Wheel displacement, Wheel deflection, Suspension travel and body displacement, and 97.5% amplitude reduction in body acceleration for active damping with LQR controller as compared to the road profile and 54.0% amplitude reduction in body acceleration as compared to the passive damping system. For the two road profiles, the settling time for all the observed parameters was less than two (2) seconds. The present work gave faster settling time for mass displacement, body acceleration and wheel displacement.

scholarly journals APLIKASI KONTROL PID PADA PROSES PENGOLAHAN AIR LAUT MENGGUNAKAN METODE REVERSE OSMOSIS BERBASIS DCS

JURNAL ELTEK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Hariyadi Singgih Singgih ◽  
Subiyantoro Subiyantoro ◽  
Siswoko Siswoko
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Pressure Transmitter

Metode pemurnian air laut menggunakan pengaturan kecepatan motor dalam proses reverse osmosis sangat dibutuhkan, dikarenakan proses penyaringan dalam membran reverse osmosis membutuhkan tekanan yang sesuai dengan kemampuan membran. Selain itu juga dibutuhkan kontrol ketinggian air untuk mengotomatisasi tangki yang telah penuh dan mempertahankan ketinggian air. Solusi untuk mengurangi permasalahan ini digunakan DCS yang berfungsi untuk memonitor dan mengontrol plant dari jarak jauh, Metode kontrol yang digunakan pada DCS untuk menstabilkan set point menggunakan metode kontrol PID Ziegler-Nichols. Dalam penelitian ini dirancang mini plant kontrol ketinggian air dan tekanan menggunakan metode PID Ziegler-Nichols yang diimplementasikan pada DCS-PCS7. Sensor yang digunakan untuk ketinggian air adalah HC-SR04, dan untuk sensor tekanan menggunakan pressure transmitter. Dengan aplikasi kontrol PID diperoleh kestabilan set point dengan parameter kontrol ketinggian air : Kp=134.4, Ti=0 dan Td=1. Waktu untuk mencapai set point 120 detik dan  error steady state sebesar 0.94% tanpa gangguan. Untuk parameter Kontrol tekanan air sebesar: Kp=3, Ti=0 dan Td=1.375 dan Delay time = 4s, Rise time = 7s, Settling time = 25s, Osilasi output PID rendah, Error steady state = 1.03% tanpa gangguan.    

Comparison of Performance Measures of Speed Control for a DC Motor Using Hybrid Intelligent Controller and Optimal LQR

2014 ◽  
Vol 622 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
T. Velayudham Narmadha ◽  
Chackaravarthy Baskaran ◽  
K. Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Rise Time ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Pid Controllers ◽  
Rule Base ◽  
Fuzzy Pid ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Lqr Controller ◽  
Fuzzy Pd

-In this paper , performance of fuzzy PD , fuzzy PI , fuzzy PD+I , fuzzy PID controllers are evaluated and compared. This paper also describes the speed control based on Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique. The comparison is based on their ability of controlling the speed of DC motor, which merely focuses on performance index of the controllers, and also time domain specifications such as rise time, settling time and peak overshoot. The controller is modelled using MATLAB software, the simulation results shows that the fuzzy PID controllers are the best performing candidates in all aspects but it as higher overshoot and IAE in comparison with optimal LQR. The Fuzzy PI controller exhibited null offset but suffers from poor stability and peak overshoot, whereas the fuzzy PD controller has fast rise time, with no overshoots but the IAE is much greater. Thus, the comparative analysis recommends fuzzy PID controller but it is usually associated with complicated rule base and tedious tuning. To circumvent these problems, the proposed LQR controller gives better performance than the other controllers.

scholarly journals Pengujian Sistem Pengendalian Temperatur pada Prototipe Heat Exchanger Berbasis PID

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Asepta Surya Wardhana ◽  
Hana Amelinda Azizah ◽  
Chalidia Nurin Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Proportional Integral Derivative ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Servo Valve ◽  
Proportional Integral

Rancang bangun sistem pengendalian temperatur heat exchanger berbasis PID artinya mengendalikan temperatur air dingin keluaran heat exchanger yang telah dirancang agar sesuai dengan nilai set point melalui pengendalian mode controller PID (Proportional Integral Derivative). Pengendalian temperatur dilakukan dengan melibatkan pengendalian laju aliran air panas. Ketika set point temperatur air dingin heat exchanger dinaikkan maka servo valve semakin membuka sehingga laju aliran air panas bertambah. Software Delphi 7 digunakan untuk menampilkan hasil berupa angka dan grafik dari data proses sistem pengendalian temperatur. Nilai parameter mode kontroler PID didapat melalui metode trial and error. Sebagai pembanding, dilakukan perhitungan PID ideal menggunakan metode direct synthesis untuk diterapkan pada kalkulasi pengendalian sistem di dalam mikrokontroler Arduino. Perhitungan PID ideal memerlukan hasil bump test dari masing?masing variabel proses. Hasil analisis data dan grafik interface menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan set point dari 25? menjadi 32? pada temperatur air keluaran heat exchanger mengakibatkan bukaan servo valve mendekati bukaan penuh dan berada pada kondisi hunting system saat temperatur telah mencapai set point. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh Time Constant 89,744 detik, Settling Time 127,232 detik dan Rise Time 127,8 detik.

scholarly journals Analisis Penalaan Kontrol PID pada Simulasi Kendali Kecepatan Putaran Motor DC Berbeban menggunakan Metode Heuristik

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
WALUYO WALUYO ◽  
ADITYA FITRIANSYAH ◽  
SYAHRIAL SYAHRIAL
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
And Control ◽  
Peak Value

ABSTRAKMotor DC banyak digunakan di industri kecil dan besar.Kecepatan motor DC sering tidak stabil akibat gangguan dari luar maupun perubahan parameter dan torsi beban sehingga perlu dilakukan rancangan kontroler.Kontroler yang dirancang menggunakan PID yang terdiri dari tiga jenis cara pengaturan yang dikombinasikan, yaitu kontrol P (Proportional), kontrol I (Integral) dan kontrol D (Derivatif).Kontroler yang dirancang disimulasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak. Hasil simulasi menunjukan kontroler PID untuk kendali kecepatan motor DC ini menghasilkan kondisi robust (kokoh) saat nilai Kp = 1,1, Ti = 0,1, Td = 3,7. Hasil dari parameter kendali yang dirancang memiliki error steady state 0,99 % dan dengan settling time 3,7 detik pada rise time 2,00 detik dan nilai peak terletak pada 0,99. Kecepatan awal yang dihasilkan mendekati set point yang diinginkan pada detik ke 6 dan kecepatannya tidak ada penurunan atau tetap konstan sampai dengan detik ke 100.Kata kunci: Motor DC, PID, Heuristik, Steady State, Rise Time ABSTRACT DC motors are widely used in small and large industries. Their speeds are often unstable due to interference from outside or change the parameters and load torque, so that it was necessary to design a controller. The controller was designed using a PIDconsists of three types of arrangements, which are mutually combined way, namely the control P (Proportional), control I (Integral) and control D (Derivative). The controllers were designed using software for simulation. The simulation results showed the PID controller for DC motor speed control produced robust conditionswhen the value of Kp, Ti and Tdwere 1.1,  0.1 and 3.7 respectively. The results of the control parameters had error steady state 0.99 % and the settling time of 3.7 seconds at 2.0 sec rise time and the peak value was 0,99. The resulted initial velocity was very fast to approach the desired set point in the sixth second and its speed was remain constant until 100thsecond.Keywords: Motor DC, PID, Heuristic, Steady State, Rise Time

scholarly journals Linear-Quadratic Regulator for Control of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotube/Polydimethylsiloxane Based Conical Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Titus Mulembo ◽  
Waweru Njeri ◽  
Gakuji Nagai ◽  
Hirohisa Tamagawa ◽  
Keishi Naito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Dielectric Elastomer ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Conventional rigid actuators, such as DC servo motors, face challenges in utilizing them in artificial muscles and soft robotics. Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) overcome all these limitations, as they exhibit complex and fast motions, quietness, lightness, and softness. Recently, there has been much focus on studies of the DEAs material’s non-linearity, the non-linear electromechanical coupling, and viscoelastic behavior of VHB and silicone-based conical DEAs having compliant electrodes that are based on graphite powder and carbon grease. However, the mitigation of overshoot that arises from fast response conical DEAs made with solid electrodes has not received much research focus. In this paper, we fabricated a conical configuration of multi-walled carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane (MWCNT/PDMS) based DEAs with a rise time of 10 ms, and 50% peak overshoot. We developed a full feedback state-based linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) having Luenberger observer to mitigate the DEAs overshoot in both the voltage ON and OFF instances. The cone DEA’s model was identified and a stable and well-fitting transfer function with a fit of 94% was obtained. Optimal parameters Q = 70,000, R = 0.1, and Q = 7000, R = 0.01 resulted in the DEA response having a rise time value of 20 ms with zero overshoot, in both simulations and experiments. The LQR approach can be useful for the control of fast response DEAs and this would expand the potential use of the DEAs as artificial muscles in soft robotics.

scholarly journals LQR optimized BP neural network PI controller for speed control of brushless DC motor

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 168781402096898
Author(s):  
Tingting Wang ◽  
Hongzhi Wang ◽  
Huangshui Hu ◽  
Chuhang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Back Propagation Neural Network ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Brushless Dc

This paper proposes a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimized back propagation neural network (BPNN) PI controller called LN-PI for the speed control of brushless direct current (BLDC) motor. The controller adopts BPNN to adjust the gain [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of PI, which improves the dynamic characteristics and robustness of the controller. Moreover, LQR is adopted to optimize the output of BPNN so as to make it close to the target PI gains. Finally, the optimized control output is inputted into the BLDC motor system to achieve speed control. The performance analysis of the proposed controller is presented to compare with traditional PI controller, neural network PI controller and LQR optimized PI controller under MATLAB/Simulink, the results shows that the proposed controller effectively improves the response speed, reduces the steady-state error and enhances the anti-interference ability.

Implementasi Sistem Kontrol PID pada Proses Reverse Osmosis Pengolahan Air Laut Berbasis DCS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Annisa Maulidia Damayanti ◽  
Muhamad Rifa'i ◽  
Tarmukan Tarmukan
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Set Point

Pengaturan kecepatan motor dalam proses reverse osmosis sangat dibutuhkan, hal ini dikarenakan proses penyaringan dalam membran reverse osmosis membutuhkan tekanan yang sesuai dengan kemampuan membran. Selain itu juga dibutuhkan kontrol ketinggian air untuk mengotomatisasi tangki yang telah penuh dan mempertahankan ketinggian air.Solusi untuk mengurangi permasalahan diatas yaitu menggunakan DCS yang berfungsi untuk memonitor dan mengontrol plant dari jarak jauh, Dan metode kontrol yang cocok digunakan pada DCS adalah metode kontrol PID Ziegler-Nichols. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini penulis merancang mini plant kontrol ketinggian air dan tekanan dengan menggunakan metode PID Ziegler-Nichols yang diimplementasikan pada DCS-PCS7. Sensor yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi ketinggian air adalah sensor HC-SR04, untuk sensor tekanan dengan menggunakan pressure transmitter.Dengan menerapkan kontrol PID diperoleh parameter pada kontrol ketinggian air sebesar Kp=134.4, Ti=0 dan Td=1 menghasilkan bahwa sistem kontrol ketinggian air mampu menstabilkan ketinggian air di set point yang memiliki waktu untuk mencapai set point 120detik dan  error steady state=0.94% tanpa gangguan.Untuk Kontrol tekanan air sebesarKp=3, Ti=0 dan Td=1.375dan memiliki performa kontrol Delay time=4s, Rise time=7s, Settling time=25s, Osilasi output PID rendah, Error steady state = 1.03% tanpa gangguan. 

scholarly journals Pengaturan Kontrol PID pada Proses Reverse Osmosis Pengolahan Air Laut dengan Sistem SCADA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Tiara Ardiana Dewi ◽  
Tarmukan Tarmukan ◽  
Muhamad Rifa'i
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Set Point

 Reverse osmosis merupakan teknologi pemurnian air yang menggunakan membran semipermeable. Dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi kadar garam yang terkandung dalam air laut. Untuk melewati membran tersebut dibutuhkan tekanan sesuai membran yang dikontrol oleh motor. Air yang akan masuk ke membran reverse osmosis berada pada tangki yang akan dipertahankan ketinggiannya. Sehingga terdapat kontrol pada proses ini yaitu kontrol ketinggian air dan kontrol tekanan air.Proses reverse osmosis  ini menggunakan sistem SCADA untuk mengendalikan ketinggian air dan tekanan air yang dapat dimonitor dan dikontrol dari jarak jauh dengan PLC S7-400. Untuk pengendalian kecepatan motor akan digunakaan metode PID Ziegler-Nichols dengan diberikan nilai set point tertentu. Sensor ketinggian air menggunakan sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 dan sensor tekanan air menggunakan pressure transmitter.Hasil perancangan menggunakan metode PID Ziegler-Nichols pada kontrol ketinggian air didapatkan nilai Kp=6.4667, Ti=0 dan Td=4.99 dengan performa respon Delay time=79s, Rise time=154s, Settling time=190s, Osilasi output hampir tidak ada, Error steady state=1.68% tanpa gangguan.Pada kontrol tekanan air Kp=3, Ti=0 dan Td=1.375 dengan  performa respon Delay time=8s, Rise time=7s, Settling time=25s, Osilasi output PID rendah, Error steady state = 1.03% tanpa gangguan. Hasil tes kadar garam menggunakan TDS meter yang terlarut dalam air laut murni berkisar 393PPM, sedangkan hasil dari proses reverse osmosis selama 3kali penyaringan kadar garamnya menjadi 292PPM, sedangkan kadar garam pada air PDAM yaitu 256PPM.

scholarly journals Sistem Kendali Penghindar Rintangan Pada Quadrotor Menggunakan Konsep Linear Quadratic

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ariesa Budi Zakaria ◽  
Andi Dharmawan
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Obstacle Avoidance ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Avoidance Control ◽  
Aircraft Type

Quadrotor is one of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) rotary wing aircraft type. Quadrotor has been widely used for various needs to military or civilian. Quadrotor can be operated manually by remote or autonomously. One of the difficulties of quadrotor operations is to avoid the obstacles before autonomous flying towards destination point. Therefore, an obstacle avoidance control system is required on quadrotor systems. Linear Quadratic Regulator is a control system that produces an input value system from state value and feedback. State value is produced from translation and rotation. That input value then converted into pulse width modulation to control the speed of the brusless motor, and it's used to do obstacles avoidance manouver.This method might reduce overshoot on the system and make response time (rise time) arrived faster than other methods. The obstacle avoidance system requires small overshoot value and an appropriate response time to avoid frictions or collisions. The result of this research is the rise time to avoid obstacles that reached 4,7 second with flight speed of 0,6 m/s and turns for roll angle equal to 14,27 °, pitch equal to 13,26 °, and yaw equal to 9,87 ° while avoidance maneuvering obstacles.

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