A Study on Reinforcement of Self Directed Learning using Controlling Face Emotion

This paper deals with emotion-based self-directed teaching and learning in online education. Teachers and learners cannot understand how much their communication exchanges well with each other. So, their teaching and learning efficiency decreases than their expectation. To increase teaching and learning efficiency, this paper analyzes face emotional patterns to figure out which emotion segments have dominant facts in teaching and learning through Korean women’s face data. These dominant factors are sent to control for improving self-directed learning. In the control system, deep learning compares face data with reference data and finally decides the control signal to improve self-directed learning. Keywords: Face Emotion, Online Education, Self-Directed Teaching and Learning, Emotion Reinforcement.

Control Signal Analysis of Four Ring Space Stabilized Platform

In order to build a four ring space stable platform using free rotor gyroscope, the spatial layout of gyroscope and frame axis should be briefly analyzed, and the installation shafting should be orthogonal or perpendicular to each other to facilitate control and decoupling. On this basis, through the sensitive angle analysis of gyro and frame shafting, the control signals acting on each frame are deduced. Finally, through the physical design of the control loop of the space stability platform, the correctness of the research method and design form is demonstrated, which has theoretical guiding significance for the design of the space stability control loop.

Adaptive multilayer management remotely operated underwater vehicle

В статье рассматривается самоорганизующаяся адаптивная система управления телеуправляемыми необитаемыми подводными аппаратами. Адаптивная нейронная система многослойного управления построена по принципу декомпозиции мультичастотного набора входных сигналов, формируемых в адаптивном джойстике управления. Декомпозиция наборов последовательностей управляющих сигналов проходит процедуру трешолдинга, разделения по оценкам спектра мультичастотного сигнала управления. Каскадный алгоритм построен по принципу интерполяции и децимации коэффициентов фильтра. Трешолдинг реализуется свёрткой форматного кадра управляющего сигнала с коэффициентами всплеск формирующего фильтра в базисе всплесков Добеши. Интерполяция коэффициентов фильтра происходит сдвигом частоты, децимация схлопыванием коэффициентов фильтра. Спектральные оценки, построенные по среднеквадратическому значению спектра, укладываются в спектральный радиус нормированного сигнала и формируют матрицу математического ожидания адаптивного сигнала управления. Реакции пилота телеуправляемого необитаемого подводного аппарата формируют управляющие сигналы в трёх плоскостях с заданными скоростями и моментами. Трешолдинг в базисе всплесков позволяет формировать сигналы управления с оптимальной крутизной выходной характеристики, что позволяет отказаться от необходимой ручной регулировки мощностей движителей двигательно-рулевого комплекса, при реализации полуавтоматичеcкого и автоматического управления. Обратная связь системы управления по наблюдаемой динамике позволяет реализовать функцию автопилота, с учётом заданных критериев качества. The article discusses the self-organizing adaptive system management remotely operated underwater vehicle. Adaptive neural system of multilayer control is built on the principle of decomposition of multi-frequency set of input signals generated in adaptive joystick of management. The decomposition of the sets of control signal sequences undergoes the procedure of tresholding, separation by estimates of the spectrum of the multi-frequency control signal. The cascade algorithm is based on the principle of interpolation and decimation of filter coefficients. Tresholding is implemented by convolving the format frame of the control signal with wavelet coefficients of the forming filter in the basis of Dobeshi wavelet. Interpolation of filter coefficients occurs by frequency shift, decimation by collapse of filter coefficients. Spectral estimates based on the standard value of the spectrum fit into the spectral radius of the normalized signal and form a matrix of mathematical expectation of the adaptive control signal. The reactions of the pilot of a remotely operated underwater vehicle form control signals in three planes with given speeds and moments. Tresholding in the basis of wavelets allows you to generate control signals with an optimal slope of the output characteristic, which allows you to abandon the necessary manual adjustment of the powers of the propulsion engines of the engine-steering system, when implementing semi-automatic and automatic control. Feedback of the control system according to the observed dynamics allows implementing the autopilot function, taking into account the specified quality criteria.

Dynamic control of intermittent renewableenergy fluctuations in two-layer power grids

In this work we model the dynamics of power grids in terms of a two-layer network, and use the Italian high voltage power grid as a proof-of-principle example. The first layer in our model represents the power grid consisting of generators and consumers, while the second layer represents a dynamic communication network that serves as a controller of the first layer. The dynamics of the power grid is modelled by the Kuramoto model with inertia, while the communication layer provides a control signal Pc i for each generator to improve frequency synchronization within the power grid. We propose different realizations of the communication layer topology and of the control signal, and test the control performances in presence of generators with stochastic power output. When using a control topology that allows all generators to exchange information, we find that a control scheme aimed to minimize the frequency difference between adjacent nodes operates very efficiently even against the worst scenarios with the strongest perturbations. On the other hand, for a control topology where the generators possess the same communication links as in the power grid layer, a control scheme aimed at restoring the synchronization frequency in the neighborhood of the controlled node turns out to be more efficient.

MODELING AND INVESTIGATION OF THE REGULATOR WORKING IN THE POINTWISE SLIDING MODE

The main disadvantage of the classic sliding mode is that the control signal is made of high frequency variations. In the recommended pointwisesliding mode the frequency of the variations decreases, since the control signal makes jumps at the isolated points. At the same time, the trajectory remains in a small neighborhood of the plane of switching. In the finish mode, the trajectories that start over the sliding plane reach simultaneously the equilibrium point. It is possible to assume that these regulators will expand the implementation scope of the sliding (quazisliding) modes.

IMPLEMENTATION OF ZONE PRINCIPLE IN THE CONTROL SYSTEM OF REGULATION AND MONITORING EQUIPMENT OF SPACECRAFT ONBOARD NETWORK

Описывается применение принципа зонного регулирования при разработке системы управления аппаратуры регулирования и контроля бортовой сети космического аппарата. Приведены краткие описания аппаратуры регулирования и контроля и входящих в её состав модулей. Приведены функциональная схема регулирования аппаратуры регулирования и контроля и график совместной работы её модулей с разбиением на зоны. Рассмотрена система управления аппаратурой регулирования и контроля. Приведены структурные схемы формирования управляющего воздействия для всех регуляторов аппаратуры регулирования и контроля. Реализация принципа зонного регулирования достигается тем, что вся область возможного изменения сигнала управления разбита на зоны работы, при этом каждому типу модулей выделена своя зона работы. Такой подход, в зависимости от баланса мощности "потребитель - источники", обеспечивает автоматическое подключение требуемых регуляторов. Данный принцип обеспечивает непрерывное изменение сигнала управления в зависимости от энергобаланса системы и параметрических возмущений. Полученную систему можно рассматривать как квазилинейную, что позволяет использовать известные линейные методы синтеза и анализа системы управления, при этом настройка контуров регулирования с заданными показателями качества осуществляется раздельно для каждого типа модулей аппаратуры регулирования и контроля The article describes the application of the zone regulation principle in the development of control system for the regulation and monitoring equipment of the spacecraft's onboard network. We present brief descriptions of the regulation and monitoring equipment and its constituent modules. We show regulation functional diagram of the regulation and monitoring equipment and collaboration of its modules graph with the division into zones. We describe the control system for the regulation and monitoring equipment. We present structural diagrams of the formation of a control action for all regulators of the regulation and monitoring equipment. Zone regulation principle implementation is achieved by the fact that the entire area of possible changes in the control signal is divided into zones of operation. Each type of module has its own zone of operation. This approach provides automatic connection of the required regulators depending on the power balance of the "consumer - sources". This principle provides a continuous change in the control signal depending on the energy balance of the system and parametric disturbances. The system can be considered as quasilinear, which makes it possible to use well-known linear methods of synthesis and analysis of control system. We carried out control loops customization with determined quality indicators separately for each type of the regulation and monitoring equipment modules.

Experimental FIA Methodology Using Clock and Control Signal Modifications under Power Supply and Temperature Variations

The security of cryptocircuits is determined not only for their mathematical formulation, but for their physical implementation. The so-called fault injection attacks, where an attacker inserts faults during the operation of the cipher to obtain a malfunction to reveal secret information, pose a serious threat for security. These attacks are also used by designers as a vehicle to detect security flaws and then protect the circuits against these kinds of attacks. In this paper, two different attack methodologies are presented based on inserting faults through the clock signal or the control signal. The optimization of the attacks is evaluated under supply voltage and temperature variation, experimentally determining the feasibility through the evaluation of different Trivium versions in 90 nm ASIC technology implementations, also considering different routing alternatives. The results show that it is possible to inject effective faults with both methodologies, improving fault efficiency if the power supply voltage decreases, which requires only half the frequency of the short pulse inserted into the clock signal to obtain a fault. The clock signal modification methodology can be extended to other NLFSR-based cryptocircuits and the control signal-based methodology can be applied to both block and stream ciphers.

A novel fault-tolerant control strategy based on inverse bicausal bond graph model in linear fractional transformation

This article presents the development of a novel fault-tolerant control strategy. For this task, a bicausal bond graph model-based scheme is designed to generate online information to the inverse controller about the faults estimation. Secondly, a new approach is proposed for the fault-tolerant control based on the inverse bicausal bond graph in linear fractional transformation form. However, because of the time delay for fault estimation, the PI controller is used to reduce the error before the fault is estimated. Hence, the required input that compensates the fault is the sum of the control signal delivered by the PI controller and the control signal resulting from the inverse bicausal bond graph for fast fault compensation and for maintaining the control objectives. The novelties of the proposed approach are: (1) to exploit the power concept of the bond graph by feeding the power generated by the fault in the inverse model (2) to suitably combining the inverse bicausal bond graph with the PI feedback controller so that the proposed strategy can compensate for the fault with a very short time delay and stabilize the desired output. Finally, the experimental results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed strategy.

Simulation of a hydraulic drive with volumetric regulation of an amphibious vehicle

The article considers a hydraulic drive designed for the fan transmission, which implements the amphibious vehicle chassis on an air cushion. A mathematical model of the dynamics of the hydraulic rotary drive power section with volumetric regulation has been developed. It is proposed to carry out volumetric regulation by means of a directed change in the working volume of the pump. The dynamics of the output link of the hydraulic drive is calculated when a control signal is applied to change the pump washer angle of inclination. The control signal varied from zero to a signal corresponding to 70% of the maximum, and in the range of 70...100%. The basic and structural diagrams of the hydraulic drive are given; its transient characteristics are obtained when the moment of inertia on the shaft of the hydraulic motor changes when the amphibious vehicle is moving. The simulation study focuses on the change in the moment of inertia on the hydraulic motor shaft under various modes of amphibious vehicle movement. The computational studies of the hydraulic drive determine the time of the transient process and the dynamic error. Computational studies of the hydraulic drive revealed its sufficient performance. The use of the developed mathematical model allows choosing the optimal ratio of the hydraulic drive parameters for an amphibious vehicle.