Análise Morfométrica da bacia hidrográfica do rio Marapanim, Pará: estudo aplicado ao planejamento ambiental e análise integrada da paisagem

This research has as its central theme the analysis of the morphometric parameters of the hydrographic basin of the Marapanim River, Pará, as a way to subsidize the environmental planning of the area. Studies like these are justified by the regional importance of the economic activities carried out in the municipalities that make up this unit, such as oil palm in its high course and the predominance of family farming and livestock in several sections of the medium and low course. Researches with this purpose are of fundamental importance for the knowledge of the environmental dynamics in the Eastern Amazon. The methodology used was carried out from the literature review, calculation of parameters using Arc Gis and preparation of cartographic material, in addition to the treatment of information with the inference of its applications to environmental planning. The results obtained allowed us to understand that the Marapanim basin has low runoff and a higher infiltration rate, due to its physical characteristics, in addition to medium to low flooding tendencies, which also occur due to the ratio of altitudes that vary from 0 to 70 meters and they are considered of low impact, indicating the need to implement actions aimed at planning related to territorial planning and the use of natural resources.

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Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Agroecological Family Farming in the Backlands Territory from Araripe in Pernambuco

Periódico Eletrônico Fórum Ambiental da Alta Paulista ◽

10.17271/1980082717520213061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Jose Washington Gomes Coriolano ◽

Lucia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Social Organization ◽

Technical Assistance ◽

Rural Families ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

World Population ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Family Farming ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

The Social ◽

Governmental Institutions

The present reality of the Pandemic caused by the COVID-19, is characterized by new adaptations in the decrease of the social and economic activities, with the social isolations, in cities and countryside communities, causing a decrease in the commercialization of food by the familiar agriculture, damaging the activities of social organization and rural technical advice in the sustainable development of agricultural activities, by the non-governmental institutions and representative entities of the civil society, in the implementation of public policies assisted to the farmers, having a greater consequence in the social vulnerability and rural poverty. The present article aims to study the effects of the pandemic on family farming in the territory of the backlands from Araripe in the state of Pernambuco, describing the strategies adopted in the social organization of countryside communities, in reducing the social impacts of the pandemic on family farming. Through a bibliographical research, based on academic literature, newspapers and institutional reports, on the activities of rural technical assistance with principles of agro-ecology, developed during the period of incidences of the pandemic. As a result, technological strategies were identified in the remote media, for the activities of rural technical assistance, organization of marketing of food products from family farming, at home, in greengrocers and emporiums of solidary marketing, assisted by non-governmental institutions, in the development of motivational initiatives for rural families, in overcoming social and economic difficulties, during this phase of social isolation and safety protocols to the health of countryside area families and the entire world population.

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O ETNOCONHECIMENTO GEOMORFOLÓGICO APLICADO AO ORDENAMENTO TERRITORIAL NAS PEQUENAS COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS

CLIO – Arqueológica ◽

10.20891/clio.v32n3p158-179 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 158

Author(s):

Simone Cardoso Ribeiro ◽

Sinara Gomes de Sousa

Keyword(s):

Data Evaluation ◽

Social Aspects ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Territorial Planning ◽

Popular Knowledge ◽

Rural Producers

O presente trabalho debruça-se sobre dois conceitos, o de Etnogeomorfologia e o de ordenamento territorial. Primeiramente fizemos a caracterização geoambiental dos municípios para reconhecimento dos aspectos físico/naturais e sociais das áreas pesquisadas; aplicação de entrevistas roteirizadas utilizando a técnica ‘Bola de Neve’; e levantamento dos dados. No total foram entrevistados 77 produtores rurais. Destaca-se aqui, a importância da valorização do saber popular, pois os sertanejos como conhecedores das potencialidades e limitações do ecossistema, planejam e ordenam seu território na busca de uma melhor viabilização de suas atividades econômicas, tendo em vista a conservação do meio ambiente.GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ETHNO-KNOWLEDGE APPLIED TO TERRITORIAL PLANNING IN SMALL TRADITIONAL COMMUNITIESABSTRACTThe present work focuses on two concepts, that of ethno-geomorphology and that of territorial planning. At first a geoenvironmental characterization of the municipalities was conducted in order to recognize the physical/natural and social aspects of the surveyed areas; following controlled interviews were applied using the 'Snowball' technique and data evaluation. Altogether, 77 rural producers were interviewed, 54 in the municipality of Farias Brito and 23 in the municipality of Granjeiro, State of Ceará. The study highlighted the importance of the valorization of popular knowledge, as pointed out by the attitude of the drylands peasants, who apply their knowledge of the potentialities and limitations of the ecosystem in order to plan and organize their territory searching to improve the viability of their economic activities, coupled with the conservation of the environmental resources.Keywords: Ethnogeomorphology; Planning; Use and soil occupation.

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Gestão de recursos hídricos e manejo de bacias hidrográficas no Brasil: elementos básicos, histórico e estratégias

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física ◽

10.26848/rbgf.v14.3.p1626-1653 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 1626

Author(s):

Fabio Leandro da Silva ◽

Ângela Terumi Fushita ◽

Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha-Santino ◽

Irineu Bianchini Júnior ◽

José Carlos Toledo Veneziani Júnior

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

Water Resources ◽

Water Resource ◽

Water Resources Management ◽

Water Resource Management ◽

Environmental Planning ◽

Management Planning ◽

Resources Management ◽

Hydrographic Basin ◽

Quality Water

Atualmente, cerca de dois bilhões de pessoas carecem de acesso à água de qualidade. No Brasil, tal situação é agravada por questões geográficas, adensamento populacional e poluição. Considerando que a bacia hidrográfica é a unidade de planejamento ambiental no Brasil, pressupõe-se que a realização de seu manejo de forma adequada e aplicação das políticas correlacionadas favorecem a promoção dos usos múltiplos da água. O presente artigo visa fornecer uma visão geral da gestão de recursos hídricos, adotando a bacia hidrográfica como unidade de manejo, abordando aspectos básicos ligados aos recursos hídricos, o histórico do sistema de gestão de recursos hídricos brasileiro e apontar elementos que podem ser empregados no manejo de bacias hidrográficas. Os esforços destinados à gestão dos recursos hídricos no Brasil se iniciaram em 1934, o manejo das bacias hidrográficas deve ser pautado na implementação de estratégias conservacionistas, do saneamento ambiental e da promoção da articulação entre os instrumentos existentes. O processo de gerenciamento deve envolver todos os interessados e os recursos arrecadados com a cobrança pelo uso da água devem favorecer a condução das ações nas bacias hidrográficas. O Grau de Hemerobia consiste em uma ferramenta útil para verificar a influência da paisagem sobre a qualidade da água e eventuais desregulações dos ecossistemas. Water resource management and hydrographic basin management in Brazil: basic elements, historic and strategies A B S T R A C TCurrently, about two billion people lack access to quality water. In Brazil, this situation is aggravated by geographical issues, population density, and pollution. Considering that the hydrographic basin is the environmental planning unit in Brazil, we assumed that the performance of its management in an appropriate manner and application of related policies favors the promotion of multiple water uses. This article aims to provide an overview of water resources management, adopting the hydrographic basin as a management unit, addressing basic aspects related to water resources, the historic of the Brazilian water resource management system and pointing out elements that can be used in the management of hydrographic basins. Efforts destined to the water resources management in Brazil began in 1934, the management of hydrographic basins must be guided by the implementation of conservationist strategies, the implementation of environmental sanitation and promoting the articulation between the existing instruments. The management process needs to involve all stakeholders and the resources collected from charging for the use of water favors the conduct of actions in hydrographic basins. The Hemeroby Degree is a useful tool for verifying the influence of the landscape on water quality and possible deregulation of the ecosystems.Keywords: Aquatic Ecosystems; Management; Planning; Environmental Policy.

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EVALUASI FUNGSI EKOLOGIS RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU (RTH) PERKOTAAN SEBAGAI AREAL RESAPAN DI KOTA PONTIANAK (STUDI KASUS: TAMAN ALUN KAPUAS)

Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah ◽

10.26418/jtllb.v4i1.13553 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Febby Ekamukti Andini

Keyword(s):

Physical Characteristic ◽

Open Space ◽

Ground Cover ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Sand Soil ◽

Rainwater Infiltration ◽

Double Ring ◽

One Year ◽

City Park

ABSTRACTAlun Kapuas Park is a city park that designated by The Park Departement as Green Open Space (RTH) in Pontianak city. In connection with the function of RTH as rainwater catchment, Alun Kapuas Park still got less attention because puddle often happens during the rainy season. This research aims to determine 1) infiltration rate when the condition is not raining and the day condition is raining, 2) the influence of soil physical characteristic and vegetation against the infiltration rate, 3) the potential of Alun Kapuas Park to absorb rainwater. Infiltration rate measurement method uses double ring infiltrometer, then it is analyzed by the method of Horton. The result of research indicate that the condition of dry day has average infiltration rate value of 5,62 cm/h greater than the condition of rainy days has average infiltration rate value of 3,20 cm/h. The highest infiltration rate value of 14,40 cm/h is point 4 with sand soil value of 64,64%, permeability value of 26,29 cm/h, and porosity value of 55,42%. Lowest infiltration rate value of 2,02 cm/h is point 3, with sand soil value of 54,41%, permeability value of 5,14 cm/h, and porosity value of 47,33%. The greater values of permeability, porosity, and the sand fraction can increase the infiltration rate. Vegetation at Point 1, Point 2 and Point 4 is dominated by trees and grass have infiltration rate greater than 3 points dominated the ground cover plants and shrubs. Potential seepage of rain for one year in Alun Kapuas Park is 37% of the total volume of rainfall amounted to 54.801 m3, so it does not fulfill the ecological functions of city park as rainwater catchment have percentage of 75-95%. Something that can be suggested is expanding the area of reforestation, choosing the composition of the vegetation right, replacing asphalt with paving blocks, and social-economic activities are not carried out in the area of reforestation.Key word: city park , infiltration rate, soil physical characteristic, vegetation

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A GIS Based Morphometric Analysis of Watershed for Soil Erosion Planning

10.21203/rs.3.rs-795826/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Santosh Wagh ◽

Vivek Manekar

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Sediment Load ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

High Category ◽

Priority Ranking ◽

Arc Gis ◽

Gis Software ◽

Very High

Abstract Soil erosion, if remain non attentive, will increase the sediment load of the river and also affecting the life of the hydraulic structures constructed across it. Hence, proper investigations related to the soil erosion is very much essential for watershed planners and designers. In the present study, morphometric analysis is carried out for basic, linear, areal, shape and landscape aspects using 28 morphometric parameters for Bhima river watershed to prioritize and categorized it based on its erosive potential. Total 48 toposheet of Survey of India of the scale 1:50,000 are used to delineate the watersheds for the preparation of base map containing information about drainage, contours, etc. so as to ensure accuracy and quality of the work. The All India Soil and Land Use Survey (AISLUS) codification is adopted for the study area. According to AISLUS, the study area falls under region 4, covered in 19 watersheds. Morphometric parameters in Arc-GIS software and compound factor method is employed to identify the sub-watersheds which are susceptible to soil erosion. Final Priority Ranking (FPR) based category map of watersheds is reported in this study by categorized it under five categories indicating % area of each category (very high category: 15.94%; high category: 23.50%; medium category: 12.73%; low category: 23.90%; and very low category: 23.93%). Based on the findings, this study is suggesting suitable sites soil conservation practices for reducing the sediment load in Bhima river watersheds as well as Ujjani reservoir, which will be useful to the concerning authorities for better management.

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Determination of Evolution Stages of Landform: A Comparative Study of Mountain-Plain (Kosi, Bihar) and Plateau-Plain (Kangsabati, WB) Regions of Tropical India

10.21523/gcj5.18020104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 30-40

Author(s):

Avijit Mahala ◽

Varuni Pathak

Keyword(s):

Drainage Basin ◽

Remote Sensing And Gis ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Plateau Region ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Plain Area ◽

Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission ◽

Quantitative Geomorphology ◽

Arc Gis

The major aim of quantitative geomorphology is to understand the geomorphological stages of evolution of any area. The quantitative revolution and the development of remote sensing and GIS techniques have brought greater attention to this field of analysis. We have used a morphometric analysis, which is an important indicator to understand the geomorphic stages of evolution of any drainage basin, to compare the drainage basin characteristics and related stages of evolution of a mountain-plain and plateau-plain drainage basin in tropical India. The Kosi basin has been selected for the mountain-plain area and Kangsabati basin is the chosen region for the plateau-plain area. Different drainage morphometric parameters and measurements related to linear, areal, relief characteristics have been determined through the use of SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) GeoDEM and ARC GIS 10.1. Area-altitude relationship and hypsometric characteristics have also been accessed to identify the stages of geomorphic evolution. All the relief characteristics indicate Kosi in a young or rejuvenated stage when compared to the mature plateau region of the river of Kangsabati. Morphometric characteristics also indicate that there are high geologic and geomorphological controls on river basin characteristics.

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The mountains of Ecuador as a birth place of ecology and endangered landscape

Environmental Conservation ◽

10.1017/s0376892997000039 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 3-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

FAUSTO O. SARMIENTO

Keyword(s):

Environmental Planning ◽

Restoration Ecology ◽

Life Support ◽

Population Pressure ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Resource Base ◽

Spaceship Earth ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Degraded Ecosystems

In the era of space travel, ecology has continued to gain relevance as the science of the ‘spaceship Earth’. In this context, it can be said to have a mission, which is to understand the complex network of the life-support systems that keep biospheric processes operating in a way suitable to sustaining living organisms and their environment (Odum & Sarmiento 1997). With the realization that ecology, in the broad sense, provides the means to understand the mechanics of nature, scholars are using ecological understanding at the interfaces of disciplines to: (1) prevent and reverse the demise of biodiversity in marine and terrestrial ecoregions (conservation biology), (2) reduce impacts of population pressure on the resource base of people (ecological anthropology), (3) establish more parsimonious economic activities to ensure optimum yields for the long term (ecological economics), (4) plan for an appropriately-equitable and socially-integrative sustainable development (environmental design), (5) restore degraded ecosystems and landscapes (restoration ecology), and (6) model hypothetical future scenarios where predictions from ecological theory may prove valuable for the future of mankind (environmental planning).

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Delimitação de Geoambientes numa Bacia Hidrográfica na Zona da Mata de Pernambuco (Delimitation of Geoenvironmental Units in a Watershed from Humid Zone in Pernambuco State)

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física ◽

10.26848/rbgf.v5i5.232972 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1259

Author(s):

Cristiane Barbosa da Silva ◽

Maria Do Socorro Bezerra de Araújo ◽

José Coelho de Araújo Filho ◽

Sheila Maria Bretas Bittar Schulze

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

River Basin ◽

Environmental Planning ◽

The Other ◽

Humid Zone ◽

Environmental Attributes ◽

Arc Gis ◽

Physical Attributes ◽

Slope Land ◽

Attributes Data

Unidade geoambiental é um importante instrumento no auxílio do planejamento e da regulação do uso da terra. Os principais desafios para delimitar unidades geoambientais são isolar, identificar e caracterizar precisamente os atributos ambientais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi delimitar unidades geoambientais na bacia hidrográfica do rio Natuba, numa escala de semidetalhe, a partir da caracterização do meio físico, visando gerar subsídios para o planejamento ambiental da bacia. Foram feitas caracterizações pedológicas, geomorfológicas, geológicas, hidrológicas, climáticas e de uso da terra, a partir de informações da literatura e dados coletados no campo. A caracterização pedológica foi considerada a principal, e a partir dela foram inseridos e analisados os outros atributos físicos. As informações sobre todos os atributos caracterizados foram sobrepostas utilizando o aplicativo Arc gis 9.3, gerando oito unidades geoambientais na bacia. palavras-chave: solos, geologia, drenagem, declividade, uso da terra Delimitation of Geoenvironmental Units in a Watershed from Humid Zone in Pernambuco State ABSTRACT Geoenvironmental unit is an important tool for planning and regulation of land use. The main challenges to delimit geoenvironmental units are to isolate, identify and characterize the environmental attributes accurately. The aim of this work was to determine environmental physical attributes and delimit geoenvironmental units in Natuba river basin, on a semi detail scale, in order to generate information for environmental planning basin. Characterizations were pedological, geomorphological, geological, hydrological, climate and land use attributes, based on information from the literature and data collected in the field. The pedological attribute was considered the main, and from it were included and analyzed the other physical attributes. Data on all the determined attributes was overlapped using the Arc gis 9.3 software. Eight geoenvironmental units were established on the basin. Keywords: soils, geology, drainage, slope, land use

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Dinâmica da paisagem na bacia hidrográfica da Usina Hidrelétrica de Ferreira Gomes –Amapá \ Landscape dynamics in the watersheds of the Ferreira Gomes Hydroelectric Plant – Amapá, Brazil

Caderno de Geografia ◽

10.5752/p.2318-2962.2019v29n56p119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (56) ◽

pp. 119 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fabiano Luis Belem ◽

Joao Batista Pereira Cabral

Keyword(s):

Aquatic Environment ◽

Hydroelectric Plant ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Natural Landscape ◽

Hydrographic Basin ◽

Multiple Resources ◽

Decomposition Processes ◽

Reservoir Watershed

A utilização do meio ambiente depende dos múltiplos recursos requeridos pelos estudos ambientais, uma vez que as atividades econômicas norteiam o crescimento de determinada região, alterando a paisagem natural e podendo causar impactos ambientais. Na região amazônica esse problema é potencializado pela grande quantidade de biomassa que é inundada durante a construção dos reservatórios, fazendo com que grandes florestas nativas sejam alagadas. É necessário, portanto, o estudo da paisagem para caracterizar quais áreas foram alagadas. A inundação das feições geográficas como florestas ombrófilas e cerrados no ambiente aquático pode causar sérios problemas na qualidade da água. Por causa dos processos de decomposição dos vegetais e de outros organismos, são liberados no ambiente aquáticos dos reservatórios o gás sulfídrico e grande quantidade de carbono e fósforo, que podem alterar a qualidade da água. Este estudo de paisagem no Amapá, torna-se importante, principalmente, depois das mortes de peixe à jusante do reservatório da UHE Ferreira Gomes. Conclui-se que, a mudança de paisagem que ocorreu ao longo de 30 anos na bacia hidrográfica do reservatório da UHE Ferreira Gomes, manifesta que grande parte das áreas que foram alagadas são de floresta ombrófila e cerrado. Palavras–chave: Reservatório, bacia hidrográfica, paisagem, sensoriamento remoto, Landsat-5, Landsat-8Abstract The use of the environment depends on the multiple resources required by environmental studies, since economic activities guide the growth of a region, altering the natural landscape and causing environmental impacts. In the Amazon region, this problem is enhanced by a large amount of biomass that is flooded during the construction of the reservoirs, causing large native forests to be flooded. It is, therefore, necessary to study the landscape to characterize which areas were flooded. The flood of geographical features as rainforests and cerrado forests in the aquatic environment can cause serious problems in water quality. Because of the decomposition processes of plants and other organisms, hydrogen sulfide and large amounts of carbon and phosphorus are released into the aquatic environment of the reservoirs, which can alter the quality of the water. This landscape study in Amapá becomes important, especially after the fish deaths downstream of the Ferreira Gomes reservoir. It is concluded that the change of landscape that occurred over 30 years in the hydrographic basin of the reservoir of the Ferreira Gomes, shows that most of the areas that were flooded are of ombrophilous and cerrado forest.Keywords: Reservoir, watershed, landscape, remote sensing, Landsat-5, Landsat-8

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MORPHOGRAPHIC STUDY OF BOIULUI VALLEY HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN

Analele Universităţii din Oradea Seria Geografie ◽

10.30892/auog.311104-867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 28-36

Author(s):

Lavinia Daiana GARAI ◽

Keyword(s):

Drainage Basin ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Karst Area ◽

Asymmetry Factor ◽

Sinuosity Index ◽

Hydrographic Basin ◽

Karst Areas ◽

Flow Through ◽

Working Method ◽

Small Basin

The aim of the present paper is to determine the morphometric parameters and features of Boiului Valley hydrographic basin. The basin is located in a karst area, in Pădurea Craiului Mountains, Romania, which makes it special, as the rivers flow through soluble rocks. We selected a small basin in order to analyse its morphometric elements and check if the morphometric laws of hydrographic basins are respected in the same way by the rivers flowing in karst areas. We applied the classical working method, that is processing the information from the topographic maps and with the help of the ArcGis soft we managed to measure the major morphometric indicators: the surface of the basin, the area, the shape factor, the length and width of the basin, drainage basin asymmetry factor and sinuosity index.

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