scholarly journals Potencial Pedoclimático do Estado da Paraíba para a Cultura do Algodão Herbáceo (Gossypium hirsutum) (Pedoclimatic potential of the Paraíba state to cultivation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum))

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2089
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Megna Francisco ◽  
DJAIL SANTOS ◽  
EDUARDO RODRIGUES VIANA DE LIMA ◽  
ZIANY NEIVA BRANDÃO
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
The State ◽  
High Class ◽  
Area Increase ◽  
Very High

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial pedoclimático do Estado da Paraíba para a cultura agrícola do algodão herbáceo. Na obtenção dos mapas de potencial pedoclimático, as informações obtidas do potencial dos solos foram cruzadas com aquelas da aptidão climática considerando três cenários pluviométricos: anos chuvosos, anos regulares e anos secos. O cruzamento das informações foi realizado por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento utilizando o software SPRING e obtendo-se os mapas do potencial pedoclimático. O resultado das interpretações foi classificado em quatro classes: Muito Alto, Alto, Médio, Baixo e Muito Baixo. Os resultados demonstraram que a variabilidade pedológica e climática do Estado da Paraíba tem influenciado o potencial pedoclimático do Estado para a cultura do algodão herbáceo, tendo sido observadas diferenças significativas na extensão territorial das classes e subclasses de potencial pedoclimático. A extensão do potencial pedoclimático Alto e Médio apresentou significativo aumento em relação aos cenários seco e regular, com maior percentual de ocorrência para o cenário pluviométrico chuvoso. Não houve dados para a classe de potencial pedoclimático Muito Alto e dessa forma a mesma não foi mapeada neste trabalho. A área da classe Alta aumenta conforme cresce o cenário pluviométrico. A classe Média do potencial pedoclimático é ampliada em área conforme aumenta a probabilidade de chuvas. Na classe Baixa de potencial pedoclimático a diferença na mudança foi pouco significativa. Entre as subclasses do potencial Muito Baixo, foi observado aumento da área de acordo com o aumento da probabilidade de ocorrência de chuvas no Estado.    A B S T R A C T The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil and climate potential for upland cotton in Paraiba state, Brazil. For obtaining pedoclimatic potential maps, the information obtained for soil potential were combined with that to climate ability considering three rainfall scenarios: wet years, dry years and regular years. Information crossing was carried out by techniques of geoprocessing using the SPRING software and maps of soil and climate potential were obtained. The interpretation results were classified into four pedoclimatic potential classes: Very High, High, Medium, Low and Very Low. The results showed that pedological and climate variability in Paraiba state have influenced the pedoclimatic potential of this state to the upland cotton, with significant differences observed in the territory for classes and subclasses of pedoclimatic potential. The extent of potential soil and climate High and Medium showed a significant increase over the dry and regular scenarios, with the highest percentage of occurrence for the rainy rainfall scenario. There was no data for the potential class Very High soil and climate and therefore the same has not been mapped in this work. High class area enlarges as the rainfall scenario increases. The mapped area for the Middle class showed enlargement with rainy probability increases. Little significant changes were observed for Low class of soil and climate potential. Among potential subclasses Very Low, were observed an area increase according rain probability was enlarging in the state. Keywords: Geotechnology, land use planning, pedological potential, rain probability, climate aptitude.   

scholarly journals Land Use and Land Cover Change Assessment in the Context of Flood Hazard in Lagos State, Nigeria

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1105
Author(s):  
Dorcas Idowu ◽  
Wendy Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Cover Type ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Cover Type ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Very High

Incessant flooding is a major hazard in Lagos State, Nigeria, occurring concurrently with increased urbanization and urban expansion rate. Consequently, there is a need for an assessment of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes over time in the context of flood hazard mapping to evaluate the possible causes of flood increment in the State. Four major land cover types (water, wetland, vegetation, and developed) were mapped and analyzed over 35 years in the study area. We introduced a map-matrix-based, post-classification LULC change detection method to estimate multi-year land cover changes between 1986 and 2000, 2000 and 2016, 2016 and 2020, and 1986 and 2020. Seven criteria were identified as potential causative factors responsible for the increasing flood hazards in the study area. Their weights were estimated using a combined (hybrid) Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Shannon Entropy weighting method. The resulting flood hazard categories were very high, high, moderate, low, and very low hazard levels. Analysis of the LULC change in the context of flood hazard suggests that most changes in LULC result in the conversion of wetland areas into developed areas and unplanned development in very high to moderate flood hazard zones. There was a 69% decrease in wetland and 94% increase in the developed area during the 35 years. While wetland was a primary land cover type in 1986, it became the least land cover type in 2020. These LULC changes could be responsible for the rise in flooding in the State.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Brad Edmondson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
New York State ◽  
The State ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Adirondack Park ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Elite Group ◽  
The People ◽  
One Year

This chapter introduces some of the people who played primary roles in the Adirondack Park Agency's (APA) founding. It includes the elite group of activists and policymakers who were early champions for the idea of regional land use planning; planners, lawyers, and naturalists who implemented the Land Use and Development Plan; activists who fought to abolish or weaken the plan; and public officials who had to find ways to turn it into a workable law. New York State spent twenty years struggling to write a master plan for the Adirondack Park before the APA was established. Activists had been calling for a master plan for twenty years before the state even started trying. The chapter further discusses the two produced plans, led by David Newhouse, each of them organized around a big map. One plan zoned the state land into progressively stricter classifications, culminating with wilderness. The other map rated each acre of the 3.6 million privately owned acres in terms of its suitability for development. Ultimately, the chapter assesses the aftermath of the postponement of the Land Use and Development Plan by one year and argues if the APA either saved or ruined the ecological and economic health of the park.

scholarly journals Current trends and tasks of training of land management specialists

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kosinsky ◽  
Mikhail Burov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Bologna Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
State University ◽  
Real Estate Valuation

In 2015-2016 the State University of Land Use Planning and land management faculties of higher educational institutions released the final mass enrollment of graduates who studied “engineer” qualification for five years. Starting from 2016-2017, bachelors and masters of land management began to leave the walls of the State University of Land Use Planning and land management departments of universities. Has the division into two parts - bachelor's and master's been justified? Basically, we can say that this is an international practice and we would not want to live separately from the international community, since we study foreigners from many countries of the world who want to receive education in a Western way; in addition, our students also study abroad. But, unlike the Western baccalaureate, we remain specializations. There are profiles in the undergraduate program: land administration, land management, real estate cadastre, urban cadastre, land valuation, real estate valuation, and so on, that is students receive professional knowledge. Mastership is designed to deepen them. But it is absolutely not necessary to choose undergraduate and graduate programs in the same direction, it can be changed. If a student is not satisfied with the direction or specialization chosen before, he can correct it by studying another mastership program. One undoubted positive consequence of Russia's accession to the Bologna process is the simultaneous assumption of international obligations to maintain the wide accessibility of higher education regardless of financial situation of young people. Europe seeks to provide broad social protection in this area, where Russia has been catastrophically losing ground in recent years. The United States, with all its wealth, has never tried to positively solve this problem and is not going to accept the Bologna rules, and they have enough compelling arguments for this. First of all, do we need a bachelor degree? How will a master match with a candidate of science? Today, the heads of land surveying firms and companies, sociologists, professors of universities as well as educational and scientific institutions are discussing this problem.

scholarly journals GIS Buildout Analysis and Urban Planning

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150006
Author(s):  
Carlos J. L. BALSAS
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
Urban And Regional Planning ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The Town

A buildout analysis is an important methodology in land-use planning. The GIS technicalities of doing a buildout analysis tend to be the purview of professionals with a background in geographical sciences. However, it is argued that planners ought to be able to conduct buildout analysis in order to develop a better understanding of how land-use patterns could change sustainably over time depending on a community’s regulatory environment and pace of development. A state buildout analysis is compared and contrasted with buildouts conducted for two local jurisdictions on the opposite ends of Massachusetts: the towns of Amherst and Georgetown. The town of Amherst’s computations identified lower values of developable and new commercial/industrial land and 1,878 more new dwelling units than the state-led planning initiative three years earlier. In the case of Georgetown, the UMass Amherst planning consultancy identified lower values of developable land and fewer new dwelling units and 3.5 million square feet more of new commercial/industrial land than the state-led analysis. A series of implications for teaching buildout analysis in Urban and Regional Planning studio courses is presented.

scholarly journals Processo Investigativo do Potencial de Contaminação de Aquíferos por Atividades Antrópicas da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão das Pedras (SP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2741
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Lorandi ◽  
Franciane Mendonça Dos Santos ◽  
José Augusto de Lollo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Geological Formations ◽  
Very High

Um instrumento utilizado no planejamento ambiental de bacias hidrográficas é o zoneamento (geo)ambiental, principalmente no que diz respeito à expansão urbana. Nesse contexto, o trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração da carta de potencial de contaminação de aquíferos para a bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão das Pedras (São Paulo, Brasil), na escala de 1:50.000. Esta bacia estende-se por 111,47km2, tendo a maior parte de sua área contida no município de Santa Cruz das Palmeiras e algumas parcelas menores nos municípios de Tambaú, Pirassununga e Porto Ferreira. Para a elaboração deste documento cartográfico foram adotados os seguintes procedimentos: delimitação da bacia a partir da articulação de cartas topográficas no software de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) ArcGis® 10.3; elaboração da carta de formações geológicas da bacia e a classificação do potencial de contaminação, por meio de uma análise multicritério, envolvendo cinco classes: muito baixo, baixo, médio, alto e muito alto.  Como resultado, obteve-se a carta de potencial de contaminação, na qual as classes “alto” e “muito alto” potencial somam 36,31% da área, onde as unidades aquíferas têm grande capacidade de fluxo e armazenamento, os potenciais baixo e muito baixo, se localizam nas unidades aquíferas Intrusivas Básicas e Aquicludo Corumbataí, com características que limitam a capacidade de percolação e armazenamento de água. O potencial “médio” teve influência positiva da maioria dos atributos (unidades aquíferas, materiais inconsolidados, declividades e formas do terreno), sendo que o único atributo que contribuiu de forma negativa é o uso da terra, devido às práticas agrícolas. O documento pode contribuir para um melhor ordenamento do território respeitando o meio físico e sua capacidade de suporte, de forma a colaborar para gestão da BHRP.  Anthropic Activities in Ribeirão das Pedras Drainage Basin, São Paulo State, Brazil A B S T R A C TGeoenvironmental zoning is an instrument widely used in the environmental planning of river basins, especially with regard to urban expansion. In this context, the objective of this study was to prepare a 1:50,000-scale chart of the contamination potential of aquifers for the Ribeirão das Pedras watershed, located in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. This river basin comprises an area of 111.47 km2, most of it located in the municipality of Santa Cruz das Palmeiras, with some smaller portions in the municipalities of Tambau, Pirassununga, and Porto Ferreira. The following procedures were conducted for the preparation of this cartographic document: delimitation of the catchment area based on the articulation of topographic charts using the Geographic Information System (SIG) ArcGis® 10.3 software; preparation of a map of geological formations of the basin; and classification of the contamination potential by multicriteria analysis including five classes: very low, low, medium, high, and very high. As a result, a chart of contamination potential was produced showing that the high and very high potential classes comprised 36.31% of the catchment area, where the aquifer units present high water flow and storage capacity; the low and very low potentials are located on the Basic Intrusive and Corumbatai aquifer units, with characteristics that limit the capacity of water percolation and storage; and the medium potential positively influenced most of the attributes (aquifer units, uncontaminated materials, slopes, and geological formations), with land use due to agricultural practices as the only attribute with negative contribution. With this information, it is possible to develop a better land use planning, respecting the physical environment and its support capacity in order to collaborate to the management of this water source.Keywords: Geoenvironmental zoning; Multi-criteria analysis; Aquifer units; Land use planning.

Nature-based solutions for flood mitigation on private land – human rights perspective 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katazyna Bogdzevic ◽  
Marius Kalinauskas
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
The State ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
European Convention ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Private Land

<p>Nature-based solutions (NBS) for flood mitigation lately are becoming more and more popular. However, comparing to traditional grey infrastructure, NBS require more land, often – privately owned. This is why the question of implementation of NBS on private land needs to be addressed more thoroughly. There are different ways how to implement the NBS on private land. Those ways can be divided into "sticks", "carrots" and "sermons". The last two refer to "soft" measures, like financial incentives, payments for ecosystem services, knowledge sharing, and partnership for NBS. Whereas, "sticks" refer to coercive measures, which imply "a command-and-control strategy" and any behaviours contradicting "sticks" can be considered unlawful. In other words, "sticks" are the measures that restrict land-use or even deprive the owners of their land. Expropriation, land-use restrictions, and pre-emption rights are the best-known examples of "sticks". The land-owners have little room for manoeuvre if the state decides to apply "sticks". However, the powers of the state are also limited. One of such limitations derive from international law, to be precise – from provisions related to human rights protection. Article 1 of the Protocol No. 1 to the European Convention on Human Rights grants protection for the property rights and prohibits the authorities to deprive owners of their possession unless the public interest justifies it. The state can also control the use of property only if this is required by general interest. The European Court of Human Rights in its case-law for several times addressed the issue of property restrictions and expropriation due to implementation of environmental laws and land-use planning laws. The Court elaborated on such issues as the notion of "public interest", proportionality and lawfulness of measures adopted by the state. Those considerations can also be relevant for the implementation of NBS on private land. </p>

ASSESSING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GAPS BETWEEN THE STATE AND LOCAL JURISDICTIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 263-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHENGHONG TANG
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Major Factors

State mandates and guidelines significantly influence local land use planning; however few studies have been conducted to empirically detect the gaps in sustainable environmental planning between the state and local jurisdictions. This paper analyses the California Governor's Environmental Goals and Policy Report (EGPR) and 116 local comprehensive land use plans to develop a set of measurable indicators to detect gaps in local planning efforts to incorporate state goals and policies. Descriptive results indicate that the local jurisdictions reached approximately half of the state's sustainable environmental planning goals. The major gaps existed in some region-wide, global-wide, long-term, cumulative, and strategically critical environmental elements. Regression results further highlight the major factors that significantly influenced local jurisdictions' environmental planning abilities. Six policy recommendations are provided to reduce these gaps.

Mutual trust and mutual gains: A recent Crown land use planning exercise in Ontario

2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-427
Author(s):  
E. Craig McManus
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

Negotiations between industry, environmental partnership and government were intense, demanding, and created a high degree of confidence, candour and openness among participants. Over a three-week period, a very high level of trust was developed as vested interests were left at the door. All parties were expected to, and did, operate in an honest and forthright fashion. At the end of the process, participants were able to deliver a document built on mutual gains. Each party could honestly say they had gained from the process and not merely acquiesced to a form of consensus. The "Ontario Forest Accord" is, by any measure, a tremendous step forward for industry, government and the environmental community.

Planning-Level Areawide Multimodal Level-of-Service Analysis: Performance Measures for Congestion Management

2003 ◽  
Vol 1858 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Guttenplan ◽  
Beverly Davis ◽  
Ruth Steiner ◽  
Demian Miller
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Congestion Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Multimodal Transportation

The state of Florida has been experiencing an explosion of growth, and it is one of the fastest growing states in the country. While the state has been in the forefront of growth management initiatives, the results have been less than satisfactory. The state recognized the need to integrate land use planning efforts with transportation planning efforts. Legislation was passed that allows the formation of multimodal transportation districts, which focus on appropriate land use mixes and densities that would enhance the use of transportation modes other than the automobile. There are several key elements in the evaluation of these districts, using both land use analysis and the recently adopted multimodal level-of-service performance measures. To validate these evaluation techniques, especially focusing on the level-of-service performance measures, several case studies were undertaken. The guidelines for the formation of a multimodal transportation district provide local governments with a template for enhancing existing and new development. These guidelines also provide a blueprint for sustainable growth and the promotion and development of livable communities through the integration of transportation, land use, and urban design.

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