Feeding With Various Microalgae the Salt “Loving” Ciliate Fabrea Salina in Normal Salinity of 35 ppt

Three piston cores from Bedford Basin, a silled coastal inlet, provide the basis for a micropaleontological study of postglacial to recent sediments. Five faunal units (four foraminiferal, one arcellacean) are found in core 79-11: a surface assemblage, followed by deep estuarine, marginal marine, transition, and freshwater (arcellacean) assemblages. The other cores contain only expanded marine sequences. The top of the transition zone in core 79-11 has a C-14 age of 5830 ± 230 years BP, indicating a rise in sea level of at least 20 m (the sill depth) during the Holocene.Four dinoflagellate assemblage zones are found in core 79-11. The first (O. centrocarpum – B. tepikiense) is typical of a silled basin with marine water of near-normal salinity; the second (P. conicoides – Cyst C) indicates a temperate marine environment with strong fluvial influence (marginal marine); the third (P. limbatum) is dominated by freshwater cysts, and the fourth (Dinocyst sp. A) is dominated by subarctic brackish water cysts.Four pollen assemblage zones are found in core 79-11. Zones C1–C3 indicate mixed boreal–deciduous forest vegetation. Zone B indicates early Holocene park–woodland vegetation, the base of which has a C-14 age of 7705 ± 550 BP. The palynozones in the marine sediment core are correlatable with C-14 dated stratigraphies from Nova Scotian lakes.Foraminifera and dinoflagellate assemblages in core 79-11 reflect the response of the microfauna and microflora to changes in water depth, salinity, and temperature, which have accompanied changes in sea level and climate during the past 8000 years. Major changes in the marine biota during the recent period of urban development may be due to increased sediment influx and effluent discharge. The effects of anthropogenic changes are small, however, compared to those accompanying the Holocene marine transgression.

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Giant subtidal stromatolites forming in normal salinity waters

Nature ◽

10.1038/324055a0 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 324 (6092) ◽

pp. 55-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 180

Author(s):

Robert F. Dill ◽

Eugene A. Shinn ◽

Anthony T. Jones ◽

Kevin Kelly ◽

Randolph P. Steinen

Keyword(s):

Normal Salinity

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Computer analysis of benthic foraminiferal associations in a tidal New Zealand inlet

Journal of Micropalaeontology ◽

10.1144/jm.13.2.103 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 103-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bruce W. Hayward ◽

Christopher M. Triggs

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Salt Water ◽

High Tide ◽

Fine Sand ◽

Muddy Sand ◽

Small Stream ◽

Shallow Subtidal ◽

Faunal Distribution ◽

Normal Salinity

Abstract. Census data on benthic foraminiferal tests in 45 surface sediment samples from Pauatahanui Inlet, Wellington, New Zealand, are analysed by Correspondence Analysis and Non-Hierarchical classification techniques. The faunas are grouped into 7 associations: (A) Trochamminita irregularis/Miliammina fusca - at high tide level in a small tidal creek at the limits of salt water influence; (B) Trochammina inflata/Jadammina macrescens - in an extreme high tidal pool, close to the mouth of a small stream; (C) Miliammina fusca/Haplophragmoides wilberti/Trochammina inflata - intertidal and shallow subtidal (to 0.6 m depth), muddy sand over a large area in the upper reaches of the inlet, where most freshwater runoff enters; (D) Elphidium excavatum/Miliammina fusca - intertidal muddy sand associated with shelly beaches on the fringe of association C; (E) Ammonia beccarii/Haynesina depressula - in a wide variety of intertidal and shallow subtidal (to 3 m depth) sediments that form a belt between the more brackish associations (A–D) and the more normal salinity associations (F–G); (F) Bolivina cf. translucens/Textularia earlandi/Bolivina subexcavata - in mud to muddy, very fine sand in a shallow basin (1–2.5 m deep) in the middle of the inlet and in a small, sheltered backwater; (G) Elphidium charlottensis/Patellinella inconspicua/Quinqueloculina seminula - in sandy mud and muddy fine sand, intertidal to 10 m depth, in the mouth, entrance channel and adjacent outer and middle parts of the inlet, where a flush of normal salinity water enters during each tidal cycle.Using Canonical Correspondence Analysis, the factors most influential in determining the faunal distribution are, in decreasing importance: freshwater influence (salinity), exposure to the air during tidal cycles, proximity to the open sea, tidal current strength and percentage of mud in the substrate.

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A new molluscan assemblage from the pre-evaporitic Messinian of Crete (Greece)

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-15647 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Efterpi Koskeridou ◽

Danae Thivaiou

Keyword(s):

Seagrass Beds ◽

Shallow Marine ◽

Environmental Consequences ◽

Environmental Perturbation ◽

New Material ◽

Molluscan Fauna ◽

First Time ◽

Molluscan Assemblage ◽

Hard Substrates ◽

Normal Salinity

The Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) was an environmental perturbation with dramatic environmental consequences that greatly affected marine organisms. Messinian deposits are found in several locations around the Mediterranean, but few offer marine faunas rich in molluscs. A section near Heraklion, central Crete, has provided new material that contains a well preserved and rich molluscan fauna that includes many micromorphic species. The section is of early Messinian age, belongs to Agios Miron Formation, and bears several layers of fossiliferous marly sands.Molluscs from a fossiliferous bed of the section are presented here for the first time. Gastropods and bivalves are most common, but scaphopods and chitons are not infrequent. The assemblage seems to be composed of transported elements from nearby environments and the most frequent species are present in comparable abundances for gastropods and bivalves. The gastropod fauna is represented by Bittium sp. and Gibbula sp., accompanied by Diodora cf. graeca, Turritella sp., Jujubinus sp., species of Pyramidellidae and rarer Homalopoma sp. and Haliotis sp. The presence of Bittium sp. together with Jujubinus sp. suggests vegetated environments. Bivalves are represented by species dwelling mostly in sandy environments such as Glycymeris cf. inflata (also occurring in larger specimens), Spisula sp., Timoclea sp. and various cardiids. Exceptionally well-preserved chitons indicate the presence of hard substrates such as rocks, pebbles or roots of seagrass beds. This is confirmed by the presence of the gastropods Diodora cf. graeca and Haliotis sp.The assemblage points towards normal salinity shallow marine conditions of sandy bottoms with patches of seagrass-type vegetation before the onset of the MSC.

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Měkkýší fauna (Gastropoda, Bivalvia) z lokality Mušlov (vídeňská pánev)

Geologické výzkumy na Moravě a ve Slezsku ◽

10.5817/gvms2019-1-2-58 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1-2) ◽

Author(s):

Tomáš Turek ◽

Šárka Hladilová

Keyword(s):

Algal Species ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Solid Substrate ◽

Substantial Part ◽

Calcareous Sand ◽

Vienna Basin ◽

Sea Floor ◽

Fine Grained ◽

The Town ◽

Normal Salinity

The Mušlov locality is situated 3.5 km ESE from the town of Mikulov and it is a part of the Vienna Basin. On the locality a profile rich in shallow-water middle Miocene (Badenian) fauna was uncovered. Its substantial part was deposited in fine-grained calcareous sand, to a lesser extent the fauna also occurred in pebbles and blocks of gray algal limestones. Mainly stone cores with calcareous and degrading shells were found in the limestones, while in the calcareous sands the fossils were well preserved. A rich set of small fauna from fine-grained sand was obtained by washing of samples. There have been determined 73 species of Gastropoda and 25 species of Bivalvia. The most abundant species of gastropods are Tricolia eichwaldi, Rissoina podolica, Bittium reticulatum, Gibbula aff . umbilicalis, Jujubinus striatus, Neritina picta and Turritella bicarinata. Among bivalves the most abundand species are Cardites partschi partschi and Linga columbella. Quantity and degree of conservation of fauna indicate minimal transport and slow sedimentation on the sea floor. Based on the found species, the fauna was mainly bound to a fine-grained substrate but there were also species that preferred the solid substrate. The abundant occurrence living on algal species is evidenced by their rich stands. The fauna lived in the shallow sea with a good oxygenation and a normal salinity. The occurrence of some species documents a warm sea between 20–28 °C.

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Sedimentary geology and biostratigraphy of the Mianwali Formation, Kala Chitta Range, Northern Pakistan

Journal of Nepal Geological Society ◽

10.3126/jngs.v19i0.32093 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

Author(s):

Kaleem Akhtar Qureshi ◽

Ali Nasir Fatmi ◽

Riaz Ahmed Sheikh ◽

Aftab Ahmad Butt

Keyword(s):

Marine Environment ◽

Normal Wave ◽

Microfacies Analysis ◽

Northern Pakistan ◽

The Third ◽

Shelf Margin ◽

Normal Salinity

Microfacies analysis and ammonite biostratigraphy of the Mianwali Formation of the Kala China Range were worked out on the basis of stratigraphic sections from Chak Jabbi and Bagh. Four microfacies were identified from the Chak Jabbi section while amrnonite biostratigraphy was studied from both the sections. Filamentous bivalves in micrite deposited along a shelf margin below normal wave base represent the first microfacies. The second microfacies contains bioclastic wackestone deposited in an open marine environment of normal salinity. The third microfacies consists of lime mudstone formed in a stressed environment of lagoonal conditions, whereas the fourth microfacies of dolomitised carbonate mudstone was formed by the diagenetic dolomitisation of the third microfacies. The new collection of ammonites includes Arctoceras tuberculatum, Anakashmirites aff. evolutus, Meekoceras gracilitatis, Stephanites sp., Pseudoceltites sp., Subvishnuites aff. welteri, Arnautoceltites sp., Owemtes sp. indet, Subvishnuites aff. enveris, Pseudosageceras sp. indet, Paranannites sp., Subcolumbites sp., Anasibrites sp., and Pseudaspidites sp, confirming the already known Sctythian age of the Mianwali Formation.

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Fucosidosis Type 2

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.57.2.205 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 205-213

Author(s):

Boris G. Kousseff ◽

Nicholas G. Beratis ◽

Lotte Strauss ◽

Paula W. Brill ◽

Richard E. Rosenfield ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatal Outcome ◽

Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽

Psychomotor Retardation ◽

Vascular Lesions ◽

Lysosomal Storage ◽

Quantitative Studies ◽

Chloride Excretion ◽

Normal Salinity

Two siblings, 9 and 4½ years old, had α-L-fucosidase deficiency, angiokeratoma, progressive psychomotor retardation, neurologic signs, coarse facial features, and dysostosis multiplex. It appears that genetic heterogeneity is present in fucosidosis; there are at least two types. In type 1, patients have no vascular lesions, but have rapid psychomotor regression, severe and rapidly progressing neurologic signs, elevated sodium and chloride excretion in the sweat, and fatal outcome before the sixth year. In type 2, patients have angiokeratoma, milder psychomotor retardation and neurologic signs, longer survival, and normal salinity in the sweat. Quantitative studies on erythrocytes and in saliva disclosed severely increased expressions of Lea and Leb. Biopsies of skin and gingiva showed alterations as seen in angiokeratoma. There was also evidence of lysosomal storage in vascular endothelium, eccrine sweat gland epithelium, and fibroblasts of the skin.

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Dolomitization of Holocene Shallow-Marine Deposits Mediated by Sulfate Reduction and Methanogenesis in Normal-Salinity Seawater, Northern Belize

Journal of Sedimentary Research ◽

10.1306/2dc4092e-0e47-11d7-8643000102c1865d ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 649-663 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

C. S. Teal ◽

S.J. Mazzullo ◽

W. D. Bischoff

Keyword(s):

Sulfate Reduction ◽

Shallow Marine ◽

Marine Deposits ◽

Normal Salinity ◽

Salinity Seawater

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Late Permian to Late Jurassic “microproblematica” of Saudi Arabia: Possible palaeobiological assignments and roles in the palaeoenviromental reconstructions

GeoArabia ◽

10.2113/geoarabia180157 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 57-92

Author(s):

Geraint Wyn Hughes

Keyword(s):

Late Jurassic ◽

Decapod Crustacean ◽

Upper Jurassic ◽

Environmental Preferences ◽

Shallow Marine ◽

Faecal Pellets ◽

Marine Carbonates ◽

Shallow Subtidal ◽

Definition Of ◽

Normal Salinity

ABSTRACT Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of Permian and Jurassic intertidal to very shallow-marine carbonates is difficult where typical shallow-marine microfossils are either absent or sparse. A collection of microfossils originally considered as “microproblematica” because of their uncertain biological affinities are, however, often present. These include species of Aeolisaccus, Gakhumella, Prethocoprolithus, Thaumatoporella, Favreina and Terebella. Observations of their vertical distribution and relationship with carbonate fabrics reveal their environmental preferences, and these contribute to palaeoenvironmental interpretation within a spectrum of very shallow-marine settings that previously precluded refinement. The recognition of high-frequency depositional cycles and definition of cryptic reservoir layering in such shallow to marginal-marine carbonates is now facilitated by the use of these microfossils from the Khuff, Hanifa, Jubaila, Arab and Hith formations. Aeolisaccus dunningtoni is interpreted as either a fossilised cyanobacterial tube or possible foraminifera of Early Permian to Late Jurassic age. It is well represented within mudstones, wackestones and packstones of supratidal flats to very shallow intertidal palaeoenvironments with occasional freshwater influence. The microbialitic Gakhumella cf. huberi is locally present in these Upper Jurassic intertidal to very shallow-marine bioconstructions. Prethocoprolithus centripetalus is a faecal ribbon, considered to be of mollusk origin, within shallow subtidal grainstones and packstones. Thaumatoporella parvovesiculifera is considered a green alga that is typically found encrusting biocomponent fragments. It ranges from the Middle Triassic to Upper Cretaceous and is extensively present in intertidal, possibly hypersaline to shallow-marine, normal salinity lagoon grainstones and mud-lean packstones. Certain types of the distinctively canaliculate, microcoprolitic decapod crustacean faecal pellets, of the genus Favreina, are diagnostic of Late Jurassic intertidal to shallow subtidal conditions found within packstones. Terebella lapilloides is an agglutinated polychaete tube, typical of Upper Jurassic intertidal to shallow-marine packstones.

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THE LATE EARLY CRETACEOUS TRANSGRESSION ON THE LATERITES IN VOURINOS AND VERMION MASSIFS (WESTERN MACEDONIA, GREECE)

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece ◽

10.12681/bgsg.16510 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 182 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Photiades ◽

N. Carras ◽

V. Bortolotti ◽

M. Fazzuoli ◽

G. Principi

Keyword(s):

Early Cretaceous ◽

Lower Cretaceous ◽

Upper Cretaceous ◽

Carbonate Platform ◽

Upper Jurassic ◽

Ophiolite Complex ◽

Marine Transgression ◽

The Third ◽

Normal Salinity

Three stratigraphical sections from eastern Vourinos (Rhodiani area) to eastern Vermion massifs revealed the same age of the latérite events affecting the serpentinized ophiolite complex after its emplacement on the Pelagonian domain. All of them consist from their base upwards of serpentinized harzburgite slivers with lateritic unconformities on the top, followed by transgressive upper Lower Cretaceous neritic limestones. At Kteni locality (Rhodiani area), a laterite horizon, lying on top of serpentinites, is covered by transgressive neritic limestones with Salpingoporella urladanasi, assigning a Barremian - Albian age, followed by Orbitolinidae limestones. At Tsimodia locality (NNW to the previous), the latente horizon, lying on karstified Upper Jurassic reef limestones (which are the top member of a carbonate platform body tectonically lying on the ophiolites), is trans gres s ively overlain by iron-rich pisolith levels and Aptian limestones of the wackes tone-muds tone type, also containing Salpingoporella urladanasi, followed by Cenomanian Orbitolina limestones. Finally, the third examined locality, further north-eastward to the previous, is situated at the eastern slopes of Vermion massif and more precisely at the NWpart of Koumaria village. There, it can again be observed that the lateritized serpentinite slivers are overlain transgress ively by neritic limestones with Salpingoporella urladanasi, passing upwards into Upper Cretaceous recrystallized limestones with Orbitolinidae and rudist fragments and, finally, toflysch deposition. These features allow to recognize that the emersion and the consecutive lateritization of the thrust-emplaced ophiolites in Vourinos and Vermion massifs in the northern Pelagonian domain, starting from the Latest Jurassic, was followed by a marine transgression beginning from the Barremian - Albian, firstly under restricted and brackish carbonate platform conditions, marked by the presence of the dasycladalean alga Salpingoporella urladanasi, followed by normal salinity carbonate platform conditions. The neritic sedimentation was stable until the Early Cenomanian. Subsequently, a deepening, earlier at Vourinos and later at Vermion, resulted in deposition of pelagic and turbiditic carbonates and then offlysch.

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