scholarly journals Perspektif Pengajaran Sejarah di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Sumardiansyah Perdana Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Teaching History ◽  
Official History ◽  
History Teacher ◽  
Teaching Dimension ◽  
Limited Scope

Berbicara mengenai sejarah, maka kita dapat melihatnya melalui dua dimensi, yaitu dimensi ilmu dan dimensi pengajaran. Dimensi ilmu dibangun dari sebuah metodologi yang bertujuan untuk mencari, menemukan, dan menyampaikan kebenaran secara apa adanya. Sedangkan dimensi pengajaran dibangun dari pertimbangan-pertimbangan terutama berkaitan dengan nilai-nilai ideologis yang dianut oleh sebuah negara.Tampak terjadi persinggungan disini ketika sesuatu yang seharusnya disampaikan secara apa adanya, namun justru tidak tersampaikan dikarenakan ada pertimbangan tertentu. Situasi yang semula objektif malah bergeser menjadi subjektif, demikian kita bisa menafsirkan hal tersebut. Dalam pandangan esensialis sejarah diarahkan untuk pengembangan aspek intelektual semata, tujuan pengajaran sejarah yang mengarah kepada nilai-nilai dianggap sebagai pencemaran terhadap kemurnian sejarah.Mengenai pengajaran sejarah maka tidak dapat dilepaskan dari keberadaan guru sejarah, yang secara profesi tugasnya adalah melakukan diseminasi berkenaan dengan konten materi sejarah sebagaimana termuat dalam kurikulum. Daya jangkau serta pengaruh official history yang menggunakan saluran pendidikan lebih nyata daripada alternative history yang biasanya tersebar pada lingkup yang terbatas berupa hasil-hasil penelitian sejarawan yang kadang agak sulit untuk diakses oleh publik.Kata Kunci :  perspektif pengajaran sejarah di Indonesia AbstractTalking about history, we can see it through two dimensions, namely the dimension of science and the dimension of teaching. The dimension of knowledge is built from a methodology that aims to find, find, and convey the truth as it is. Whereas the teaching dimension is built from considerations mainly related to ideological values held by a country.There appears to be an intersection here when something is supposed to be delivered as is, but it is not conveyed because there are certain considerations. The situation that was originally objective even shifted to subjective, so we can interpret that. In the historical essentialist view directed at the mere development of intellectual aspects, the purpose of teaching history that leads to values is considered to be a pollution of the purity of history.Speaking of the teaching of history, it cannot be separated from the existence of a history teacher, whose profession is the task of disseminating information regarding the content of historical material as contained in the curriculum. The reach and influence of official history using educational channels are more evident than alternative history, which is usually spread over a limited scope in the form of the results of historian research, which is sometimes rather difficult for the public to access.Keywords: perspective of teaching history in Indonesia

scholarly journals Cultures of rejection at work: Investigating the acceptability of authoritarian populism

Ethnicities ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146879682110124
Author(s):  
Alexander Harder ◽  
Benjamin Opratko
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Authoritarian Populism ◽  
Right Wing Populism ◽  
The Public Sphere

This article introduces the concept of cultures of rejection as a framing device to investigate conditions of acceptability of authoritarian populism among workers in Germany and Austria. After situating the concept in the current scholarly debate on right-wing populism and discussing its main theoretical points of reference, we offer an analysis focusing on experiences of crisis and transformation. Two elements of cultures of rejection are discussed in depth: the rejection of racialised and/or culturalised ‘unproductive’ others; and the rejection of the public sphere, linked to the emergence of a ‘shielded subjectivity’. These articulations of rejection are then discussed as related to two dimensions of a crisis of authority: the crisis of state or political authority in the field of labour and the economy; and the crisis of a moral order, experienced as decline in social cohesion. In conclusion, we identify possible avenues for further research, demonstrating the productivity of the conceptual framework of cultures of rejection.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Charity Misconduct

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diarmuid McDonnell ◽  
Alasdair C. Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Regulatory Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Dataset ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Public Scrutiny

Charities in the United Kingdom have been the subject of intense media, political, and public scrutiny in recent times; however, our understanding of the nature, extent, and determinants of charity misconduct is weak. Drawing upon a novel administrative dataset of 25,611 charities for the period 2006-2014 in Scotland, we develop models to predict two dimensions of charity misconduct: regulatory investigation and subsequent action. There have been 2,109 regulatory investigations of 1,566 Scottish charities over the study period, of which 31% resulted in regulatory action being taken. Complaints from members of the public are most likely to trigger an investigation, whereas the most common concerns relate to general governance and misappropriation of assets. Our multivariate analysis reveals a disconnect between the types of charities that are suspected of misconduct and those that are subject to subsequent regulatory action.

scholarly journals Zasada podmiotowego traktowania skazanych w kodeksie karnym wykonawczym z 1997 roku

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 239-263
Author(s):  
Barbara Stańdo-Kawecka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Compromise Solution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Correctional Programmes

During the work on the draft of the 1997 Code of the Execution of Penalties (CEP) much attention was paid to the principle of the treatment of sentenced persons, and particu-larly those serving prison sentences, as subjects. In the Polish penological literature two dimensions of that principle were indicated. The first one referred to the strengthening of the sentenced person’s position in relation to enforcement authorities by means of precise regulations concerning his/her legal status and effective mechanisms for the protection of his/her rights. The second dimension meant the abandonment of forced rehabilitation and providing sentenced persons with the ability to decide freely whether they wanted to partici-pate in correctional interventions. Undoubtedly, the 1997 CEP strengthened the legal status of a sentenced person. As regards the abandonment of forced rehabilitation, the legislator chose a compromise solution according to which the participation in correctional interven-tions was, as a rule, voluntary, but in some cases it was mandatory. Like in other countries, in Poland in the last decade the idea of the public protection against crime played an in-creasingly important role in the criminal policy. In the criminal justice system focused on risk management, the treatment of sentenced persons as subjects requires providing them with reliable information on the possible consequences of their decisions concerning the participation in offered correctional activities. Additionally, it requires providing them with adequate access to empirically proven correctional programmes as well as introducing a transparent system of risk assessment and monitoring during the execution of the imposed penalty or penal measure.

Identifying and Explaining Organizational Cultures in the Public Sector: A Study of the Australian Public Service Using the Interaction Ritual Theory of Randall Collins

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1363-1396
Author(s):  
Craig Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interaction Ritual ◽  
Ritual Theory ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Office Location

This article identifies and explains different cultures within the Australian Public Service (APS) using the interaction ritual (IR) theory of Randall Collins. It argues that such cultures vary along two dimensions: power and status. On the power dimension, we may distinguish three cultures: that of the order givers, that of the order takers, and that of those who both give and take orders. On the status dimension, we may distinguish localistic and cosmopolitan cultures. Cultural differences on these two dimensions are associated with variations in organizational rank, educational levels, agency tasks, relationships with clients, and central versus regional office location.

Racism and police investigations: individual redress, public interests and collective change after the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000

Legal Studies ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Field ◽  
Pauline Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Race Relations ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Police Investigations ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
Human Rights Act 1998 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Limited Scope

This paper considers the impact of the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000. It focuses on the kind of situation presented by the Stephen Lawrence murder investigation where racist stereotypes and assumptions infect both police inquiries into serious violent crime and the treatment of victims or their families. It first demonstrates the limited scope of individual redress available prior to the Act in such situations (examining police complaints mechanisms, private prosecutions, misfeasance in public office, judicial review and negligence). It links limitations in the scope of individual redress to a traditional priority accorded to public interests. The Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000 gives individuals a general right to sue the police for racial discrimination in investigations. It is argued that a similar right probably now exists – at least in the context of life-threatening violence – under the Human Rights Act 1998. These developments seem to signal a shift in the balance between individual rights and the limiting claims of public interests. But the singularity of the 2000 Act is that, in introducing the mechanisms and logic of anti-discrimination law into the criminal process, it creates the potential for a more interactive relationship between individual complaint and the public interest in the collective promotion of change.

scholarly journals Virtually Handcrafted: An Investigation of Immersive Architectural Design Processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Daniel Innes
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Picture Plane ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Interactive Program ◽  
The Public ◽  
Contemporary Practice ◽  
Technological Limitations ◽  
Architectural Tradition ◽  
The Impact

<p>Architects use media such as drawings and models to test and better understand their designs. These media are frequently scaled for convenience and reduced to two dimensions for clarity; however, in relying on these methods, the direct and visceral experience of inhabiting space is neglected. Phenomenologists such as Juhani Pallasmaa point out that this problem is exacerbated by the picture plane. The flat page or screen acts as an impenetrable window, excluding the viewer from a truly embodied appreciation of the designed spatial qualities.  This research investigates the use of virtual reality (VR) as a tool for conceiving architecture without alienating the designer from the user’s perspective. It is suggested that the holistic and subjective approach of immersive media is a necessary complement to the more abstracted and objective views of architectural tradition: plan, section, and elevation. The recent availability of consumer-grade VR allows the testing of this opportunity without many of the technological limitations of research done in the 1990’s. This research aims to describe tendencies of VR design and thus guide the incorporation of immersive technologies into contemporary practice.  To study the impact of VR, a real-time engine is used to develop an interactive program which allows the modelling of conceptual designs while immersed within them. Its efficacy is studied with three groups (architecture students, architects, and members of the public) from which quantitative and qualitative data is collected. By identifying the unique benefits of such tools, it is proposed how each group could make good use of the technology and extend the abilities of their existing workflows.</p>

scholarly journals Den emotive metro. Louis-Ferdinand Céline og vidnesbyrdlitteraturen

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (70) ◽  
Author(s):  
Troels Hughes Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Dimension ◽  
Literary Style ◽  
The Public ◽  
French Writer ◽  
Official History ◽  
Witness Literature

Troels Hughes Hansen: “The Emotive Metro. Louis-Ferdinand Céline and Witness Literature”The article proposes a new angle on the last novels of the French writer Louis-Ferdinand Céline (1894-1961). It is suggested that certain formal traits of the so-called German Trilogy can be regarded as more or less analogous to themes and problems normally associated with witness literature. This interpretation adds an ethical dimension to Céline’s oeuvre insofar as his chronicle incorporates the voices of an exiled community and thereby in a certain manner speaks for a group more or less damned by official history. Knowing, however, that his testimony will not be easily accepted by the public because of the author’s collaboration, Céline develops a literary style designed to reach a hostile reader on an emotional rather than a rational level.

scholarly journals Peristiwa G 30 S sebagai Isu Kontroversial pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah di SMA Kota Bima

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Edy Suparjan
Keyword(s):  
Data Reduction ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Core Curriculum ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Instructional Media ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Teaching History ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
History Teacher ◽  
The City

This study aimed to describe the process of teaching history with event materials G 30 S. This study implemented for three months housed in SMAN 2 and SMAN 4 Kota Bima. The method used is a qualitative method using analytical descriptive. Collecting data in this study using the method of observation, interviews and documentation. Sources of key data used in this research: key informant and the informant is vice principal core curriculum is a history teacher and student. Data were analyzed using analysis of Huberman Milles ie, data reduction, data presentation and then verify and pengambilam conclusions. The results showed that the learning G30S lasted less monotonous and attract students, the method used by the teacher has not varied, instructional media used was whiteboard reference books still use textbooks published by private simple. Besides infrastructure such as, Laptops, LCD, and VCD do not support learning activities in the classroom. The issue of revival of the PKI and government apology to the victim less of an effect on learning about the material G 30 S in school, especially in the city of Bima. This is because the curriculum is implemented using the curriculum in 2006.

scholarly journals Przemyślenia pod rozwagę, niekoniecznie do zastosowania. O dzisiejszej edukacji historycznej w Polsce

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-141
Author(s):  
Marcin Kula
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
National Pride ◽  
Teaching History ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
The World ◽  
History Teacher ◽  
Practical Sense

For the teaching of history in schools to be effective, it must be useful for something – either in an intellectual sense (for a better understanding of the world) or in a practical sense (for various professions related to the humanities). The only purpose of teaching an “encyclopedia of facts” is that it is good to have a minimum of knowledge in every field. Teaching history to mark group identity is acceptable, as is any education in the field of national culture, provided it is not exclusive with regard to the heritage and achievements of others. As a history teacher, the author does not accept the teaching of history for the purpose of inculcating a sense of national pride. He would like the study of history to increase the intellectual abilities of students, and in effect, their wisdom.

scholarly journals MILITANT AND COOPERATIVE INTERNATIONALISM AMONG AMERICAN RELIGIOUS PUBLICS

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-344
Author(s):  
James L. Guth
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
The Way ◽  
Foreign Policy Attitudes ◽  
Empirical Analyses

Although there has been much speculation about the way that religion shapes American attitudes on foreign policy, there are few empirical analyses of that influence. This paper draws on a large national sample of the public in 2008 to classify religious groups on Eugene Wittkopf’s (1990) classic dimensions of foreign policy attitudes, militant internationalism and cooperative internationalism. We find rather different religious constituencies for each dimension and demonstrate the influence of ethnoreligious and theological factors on both. Combining the two dimensions, we show that American religious groups occupy different locations in Wittkopf’s hardliner, internationalist, accommodationist, and isolationist camps.

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