scholarly journals Gambaran Hasil Pemeriksaan Sitologi Serviks Wanita Pekerja Seksual Tidak Langsung pada Hotspot Maredan Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Wiwit Ade ◽  
Sindy Oktaviani ◽  
Amru Sofian
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cervical Smear ◽  
Smear Examination ◽  
The World ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion

Cervical cancer is a malignancy of the cervix that can be prevented, but the cause of death of women due to cancer.Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer in women in the world. Indirect female sex workers have a higherrisk of cervical cancer. The aim of this research was to figure out description of cervical smear examination in indirectfemale sex workers at hotspot Maredan Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru. Population of this experiment were all indirectfemale sex workers at hotspot Maredan Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru and samples were taken with total sampling method.The result showed that there were 44 people consist 4% diagnosed with HSIL, 25% were diagnosed with LSIL, 30%diagnosed with ASCUS and 41% with negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (Bacterial vaginosis,Trichomonas vaginalis, Candidiasis presents).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Association between Vaginal Infections and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types in Female Sex Workers in Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rodriguez-Cerdeira ◽  
E. Sanchez-Blanco ◽  
A. Alba
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Associated Lesions

Background. Infection with and persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are the strongest risk factors for cervical cancer. In addition, other genital microorganisms may also be involved in the progression of HPV-associated lesions. Objetive. To evaluate the association of the vaginal microbiota (Candida spp., Trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginosis) with HR-HPV infection in Spanish female sex workers (FSWs). Methods. This cross-sectional study involved 208 (FSWs; age, 18–49 years) who visited a sexually transmitted infection (STI) information and prevention center (SERGAS) between January 2010 and December 2011. Face-to-face interviews were carried out. Cervical and vaginal samples were examined for human papillomavirus (HPV), Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida spp., and microorganisms related to bacterial vaginosis (BV). Results. HR-HPV was found to be significantly associated with BV in FSWs with positive results for HPV16-related types (31, 33, 35, and 52). T. vaginalis was isolated in FSWs with the following HR-HPVs: 18, 45, 66, and 68. Candida spp. were isolated only in FSWs with HPV 18-positive infection. Conclusion. We demonstrate a significant prevalence of HR-HPVs in FSWs with disturbances in the vaginal microbiota.

Sexually transmissible infections among female sex workers: an international review with an emphasis on hard-to-access populations

Sexual Health ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie G. Cwikel ◽  
Tal Lazer ◽  
Fernanda Press ◽  
Simcha Lazer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
The World ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhea

Background: Women who work commercially in sex work (female sex workers [FSW]) are considered a high-risk group for sexually transmissible infections (STI), yet the level of reported pathogens varies in studies around the world. This study reviewed STI rates reported in 42 studies of FSW around the world published between 1995 and 2006 and analysed the trends and types of populations surveyed, emphasising difficult to access FSW populations. Methods:Studies were retrieved by PUBMED and other search engines and were included if two or more pathogens were studied and valid laboratory methods were reported. Results: The five most commonly assessed pathogens were Neisseria gonorrhea (prevalence 0.5–41.3), Chlamydia trachomatis (0.61–46.2), Treponema pallidum (syphilis; 1.5–60.5), HIV (0–76.6), and Trichomonas vaginalis (trichmoniasis; 0.11–51.0). Neisseria gonorrhea and C. trachomatis were the most commonly tested pathogens and high prevalence levels were found in diverse areas of the world. HIV was highly prevalent mostly in African countries. Although human papillomavirus infection was surveyed in few studies, prevalence rates were very high and its aetiological role in cervical cancer warrant its inclusion in future FSW monitoring. Hard-to-access FSW groups tended to have higher rates of STI. Conclusions: The five most commonly detected pathogens correspond to those that are highly prevalent in the general population, however there is an urgent need to develop rapid testing diagnostics for all five pathogens to increase prevention and treatment, especially in outreach programs to the most vulnerable groups among FSW.

Bacterial vaginosis in female sex workers in Chennai, India

Sexual Health ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmugasundaram Uma ◽  
Pachamuthu Balakrishnan ◽  
Kailapuri G. Murugavel ◽  
Aylur K. Srikrishnan ◽  
Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
South India ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoea ◽  
Vaginal Swabs

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) causes obstetric and gynaecological complications and non-chlamydial/non-gonococcal pelvic inflammatory disease and has been shown to be associated with the risk of acquiring HIV and herpes simplex (HSV)-2 infections. This study investigated both the prevalence of BV and its association with STDs among 582 female sex workers living in Chennai, South India. Blood, vaginal and endocervical swabs were tested for HSV-2, HIV, Treponema pallidum, BV, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoea and Trichomonas vaginalis. The vaginal swabs collected were Gram’s stained and analysed for BV by Nugent’s scoring criteria. Of the women studied, 45% (95% CI, 40.6–48.7) were positive, 39.5% (95% CI, 35.5–43.5) were negative and 16% (95% CI, 12.8–18.7) were intermediate for BV. Bacterial vaginosis positivity was directly related to concurrent infection with HSV-2 (RR 1.3, AR 12, P = 0.00), T. vaginalis (RR 1.5, AR 10, P = 0.01) T. pallidum (RR 2.8, AR 16, P = 0.00) and HIV (RR 4.1, AR 52, P = 0.01). Future studies are needed to focus on the risk factors for BV.

scholarly journals SKRINING KANKER SERVIKS DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN PAP SMEAR PADA PROFESI BIDAN DI RUMAH SAKIT TK II PUTRI HIJAU MEDAN TAHUN 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Syaiful Syaiful ◽  
Frida Lina Tarigan ◽  
Fikarwin Zuska
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Smear Examination ◽  
A Cell

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that grows inside the cervix (the lowest part of the uterus attached to the top of the vagina). A Pap smear is a method in which a cell is taken from the cervix and examined under a microscope. Any woman who is 18 years old, or a woman who has been sexually active should begin a Pap smear. This check should be done every year, although there are no symptoms of cancer. An examination of more than a year if it reaches the age of 65 years or three previous consecutive checks shows normal results. The purpose of the study changed the behavior of the midwife profession in order to perform cervical cancer screening with pap smear examination at Tk II Putri Hijau Hospital Medan. The design of this research is qualitative through phenomenology approach. The result of the research was obtained by the informant as many as 8 people consisting of 1 male informant that is obgyn doctor, 7 person work as midwife consisting of informant 2 often doing pap smear examination. Informants who do not routinely perform pap smear examination of informants 3 informants 3 times, informant 4 as much as 1 times, informant 5 as much as 3 times, informant 6 as much as 2 times. While informant 7 has never done pap smear examination, and informant 8 as much as 1 times. Some of the reasons that changed the behavior of the midwife profession to the Pap smear examination were shyness (fear), fear, no complaints (abnormalities), kesetrilan (medical equipment), lazy and cost. Here is found the expression of the eight informants is a more dominant shame words. Suggestion for the Tk II Putri Hijau Medan, submitted to the leader to oblige all female sex workers who have been actively engaged in sexual intercourse to perform cervical cancer screening by Pap smear examination routinely according to procedure and done at Tk II Putri Hijau Hospital Medan for free with existing health insurance facilities.Keyword: Cervical cancer screening, Pap smear Examination, Midwife Profession.

scholarly journals Cervical cytochemistry: a potential adjunct to cytomorphology for detection of abnormal cells in cervical cancer screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1639-1644
Author(s):  
Indrani Krishnappa ◽  
Kalyani R. ◽  
Raja Parthiban ◽  
Abhishek Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Smear Examination ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion

Background: Pap smear examination has been universally used as an effective screening tool for early detection of cervical carcinoma. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of Cervical Acid Phosphatase staining as an adjunct to routine Pap smear testing to improvethe sensitivity and specificity of routine Pap smear examination for cervical cancer detection. Materials and Methods: Cervical smears were taken from patients attending the gynecology department and a few cervical cancer screening programmes. One set of slides were alcohol fixed and stained with rapid pap stain and another set of slides were fixed in a special fixative and stained with Cervical Acid Phosphatase -Pap stain. The nuclear features of these Cervical Acid Phosphatase stained dysplastic cells was studied on Pap stain to diagnose cervical intraepithelial lesion/ malignancy. Results: Out of 489 cases included in the study 6 cases were diagnosed with intraepithelial lesion/ malignancy. On Cervical Acid Phosphatase -Pap stain 2 of the cases diagnosed as inflammatory smears on pap stain showed Cervical Acid Phosphatase positivity and thus were re evaluated. Mild nuclear atypia was observed in the Cervical Acid Phosphatase positive cells and these cases were diagnosed as Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and later biopsy proven to be Cervical intraepithelial Neoplasia I. Therefore Cervical Acid Phosphatase -Pap test was 100% sensitive and specific for cervical cancer detection. Conclusions: With 100% sensitivity Cervical Acid Phosphatase -Pap test satisfies the criteria of an efficient screening test.

scholarly journals Nongonococcal cervicitis: The most common cause of fluor albus in female sex workers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afif Nurul Hidayati ◽  
A. Astindari ◽  
Maylita Sari ◽  
Dwi Murtiastutik ◽  
Sunarko Martodihardjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Female Sex

Female sex workers have a high risk of suffering from sexual transmitted infections (STIs). If the female sex workers suffer from STIs, besides affecting themselves, they also have potential to transmit the disease to their clients. Fluor albus is one of the symptoms of STIs. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the type of STIs that the female sex workers suffer from. This research was conducted retrospectively on 100 female sex workers in Puskesmas Putat Surabaya in 2013-2014. The result of this research showed that from 100 female sex workers, 14 subjects (14%) suffered from gonococcal cervicitis, 51 subjects (51%) suffered from nongonococcal cervicitis, 10 subjects (10%) suffered from nongonococcal cervicitis accompanied by bacterial vaginosis, 9 subjects (9%) suffered from bacterial vaginosis, 1 subject (1%) suffered from trichomoniasis, and 14 subjects (14%) had no data. This research concluded that nongonococcal cervicitis is the most major cause of STIs suffered by female sex workers. Therefore, the vigilances to prevent transmission of nongonococcal infection to the clients is highly needed.

scholarly journals Cervical Human Papillomavirus Prevalence, Genotypes, and Associated Risk Factors among Female Sex Workers in Greater Accra, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rashid Adams ◽  
Priscillia Awo Nortey ◽  
Benjamin Ansah Dortey ◽  
Richard Harry Asmah ◽  
Edwin Kwame Wiredu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Hpv Genotypes

Cervical cancer is a largely preventable disease mediated by persistent infection with high-risk Human Papillomaviruses (Hr-HPV). There are now three approved vaccines against the most common HPV genotypes. In Ghana, mortality due to cervical cancer is on the rise, due to the absence of an organized and effective cervical cancer prevention and control program. Data on circulating HPV genotypes is important for studying the likely impact of mass introduction of HPV vaccination of the female population before sexual debut. High HPV prevalence has been reported in Female Sex Workers (FSWs), who constitute an important active group for maintenance of HPV in the population. This study was conducted to determine the size of HPV prevalence in this group and to provide information for future assessment of the impact of vaccine introduction in the country. We conducted a cross-sectional study where the snowballing technique was used to identify and select FSW’s ≥18 years, operating within suburbs of Greater Accra Region (GAR). A risk factor assessment interview was conducted and cervical swabs were collected for HPV-DNA detection and genotyping by Nested Multiplex PCR. Hundred participants, age ranging from 18 to 45 years, median 24 years, were studied. The prevalence of Cervical HPV was 26%. Eleven genotypes were detected comprising 9 high-risk in order of decreasing prevalence HPV-16 (8%), HPV-35 (5%), HPV-33/39/-68 (3%), HPV-52/51/59 (2%) and HPV-18 (1%) and 2 Low-risk types, HPV-42(3%), and HPV-43 (1%). Three women had HPV types that could not be genotyped by our method. Oral contraceptives use was associated with a reduced chance of HPV infection (P=0.002; OR=0.19, 95% CI 0.07-0.54). This study found a high HPV prevalence among FSWs in the GAR. A high number of Hr-HPV genotypes seen are vaccine preventable, providing additional compelling argument for implementing a national cervical cancer prevention plan including vaccination.

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