scholarly journals The impact of different types of wave action on the destruction of stable gel-containing water-oil emulsions

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Romanova ◽  
N. S. Musina ◽  
T. A. Maryutina
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Wave Action ◽  
Permanent Magnetic Field ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
The Impact

An original method of wave sample preparation of commercial stable gel-containing water-oil emulsions is developed to separate water and oil phases present in the composition for their subsequent analysis. Real samples of commercial stable water-oil emulsions, differing in composition (water content, «gel», iron sulphide and mechanical impurities) are studied. The effect of the intensity and duration of the wave action of different nature on the completeness of phase separation in the real samples of commercial emulsions of different composition are studied. A possibility in principal of isolating oil and water phases from the composition of stable water-oil emulsions stabilized by gel-like associates under wave action (magnetostatic and electromagnetic field, ultrasonic vibrations) is shown. When the water-oil emulsion is exposed to a permanent magnetic field with an induction range of 0.1 – 0.57 T for 1 – 3 minutes, the degree of water isolation from the emulsion samples under study varies from 48 % to 71 %, depending on the composition of the emulsion under study. Similar results are obtained under the effect of electromagnetic field with an induction of 0.1 – 1.0 T. For complete separation of water and oil phases from gel-containing water-oil emulsions, we proposed to use ultrasonic treatment combined with addition of a suspension prepared from aluminum oxide nanopowder in acetonitrile which provide complete destruction of «gel» and 100 % separation of water and oil phases.

Memory features of water cyclically treated with magnetic field

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Azoulay
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Static Field ◽  
Permanent Magnetic Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cyclical Time ◽  
Untreated Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Purpose This paper aims to study the properties of cyclically treated pure water in magnetic fields and its comparison with pure untreated water. Design/methodology/approach The magnetic treatment was carried out using a static permanent magnetic field and alternating electromagnetic field. We have measured the magnetic effect on the rising level of the water in capillary tubes and the relaxation time for restoration after removing the magnetic field. The dependence on the magnetic field intensity and on the cyclical time treatments was investigated and discussed. The results of magnetization by static field and electromagnetic field were compared and discussed. It is well known that the clustering structure of hydrogen-bonded chains and polarization effects of water molecules are enhanced after magnetization. Therefore, each experimental series was followed by a “memory” test, the results of which enabled us to have some insights into the molecular and hydrogen bonds of water. Findings It was found that water remembers and keeps the impact of its passing through a magnetic field for several hours and also that many mechanical features were changed under cyclical treatment of a magnetic field.

The Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Performance of Heavy Oil Emulsion

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1508-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhong Fan ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Peng Peng Li ◽  
Ji Gang Wang ◽  
Qing Wang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Viscosity Reducer ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Shear

In this paper,we used the heavy oil of Du 84,53-55 well in Liaohe oil field,analyzed of the impact factors of the heavy oil emulsion viscosity.When the droplet size of the emulsion is reduced,the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion increases,and the non-Newtonian obvious.Heavy oil emulsions exhibit Newtonian fluid properties at low shear rate,exhibits shear-thinning properties in the heavy oil emulsion under high shear rate.Heavy oil emulsion viscosity decreases with the increasing concentration of viscosity reducer,when the viscosity reducer concentration of more than 0.25%,heavy oil emulsion viscosity declines slowed.

Numerical Study of Emulsion Droplet in Electromagnetic Field

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana Kovaleva ◽  
Ayrat Musin ◽  
Yulia Fatkhullina ◽  
Yuriy Zamula ◽  
Rasul Zinnatullin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Emulsion Droplet ◽  
Droplet Dynamics ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion

Some results of experimental studies of the water-in-oil emulsions in RF and MW electromagnetic fields are presented. In an attempt to understand the phenomenon a mathematical model for a single emulsion droplet dynamics in radio frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) electromagnetic fields is formulated. An algorithm for numerical solution of the problem is developed. The problem is solved accounting for the thermal motion induced by electromagnetic field in the fluid within the water droplet and in the surrounding liquid. The numerical solution revealed that the structures of arising convective flows induced by RF and MW electromagnetic fields are different. The results can help to understand the physical mechanisms of water-in-oil emulsion destruction in electromagnetic field.

scholarly journals Intensification of the process of decomposition of oil-water emulsions stabilized with hydrochloric acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
A.A. Kondratyuk ◽  
I.N. Karpenko ◽  
V.V. Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Alkaline Agent ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion ◽  
The Impact

The major goal of oil and gas companies working in the oilfields on the late stages of development is to maintain a high level of hydrocarbon production. Analysis of well intervention techniques (WITs) in the oilfields of the Samara Region shows that most often the bottomhole area is treated with reagents containing hydrochloric acid, which significantly effects the efficiency of well fluid preparation processes. The paper summarizes the results of studies of the impact of hydrochloric acid on the rheological and near-surface properties of water-in-oil emulsions (WOEs). It is shown that the presence of acid and/or products of its reaction with the oil increases the stability of the water-in-oil emulsion. To enhance the process of decomposition of the water-in-oil emulsion stabilized with hydrochloric acid, a reagent was developed based on the non-ionic surfactants, alkaline agent and solvent, providing a significant reduction of the viscosity of water-in-oil emulsions and improving the efficiency of their decomposition.

scholarly journals The impact of electromagnetic radiation on the degradation of magnetic ferrofluids

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Pavlík ◽  
Lukáš Kruželák ◽  
Miroslav Mikita ◽  
Michal Špes ◽  
Samuel Bucko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Permanent Magnetic Field ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nanoparticles Concentration ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Nano Fluids

AbstractThis article deals with magnetic nano-fluids, which are the part of transformer oil ITO 100 and their behavior is influenced by a permanent magnetic field. We performed an IRC analysis in the time domain on the three different samples. Measurements were made before and after radiation of an electromagnetic field. The main objective was to examine changes in the properties of the samples due to the influence of the electromagnetic field. The measurements depend on the orientation of the external magnetic field. This behavior occurs especially during the structuring of the nanoparticles in the sample exposed to the magnetic field. These processes change the polarization of the liquid because the nanoparticles concentration is contained in the fluid.

scholarly journals A Reliability-Exploitation Analysis of a Static Converter Taking Into Account Electromagnetic Interference

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-229
Author(s):  
Jacek Paś ◽  
Adam Rosiński ◽  
Kamil Białek
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Static Converters ◽  
Numerical Assessment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper presents issues associated with the impact of electromagnetic interference on static converters, which exploitation in a railway transport environment. The measurements of an electromagnetic field emitted by a static converter were shown. Designs of this kind are exploitation in railway facilities, therefore, they should not disturb the functioning of other equipment, the rail traffic control systems, in particular. As a result of the EMC tests, it was concluded that the permissible values of conducted interference emissions were exceeded. An analysis of the obtained results enabled developing a research model, and a further reliability and exploitation analysis, taking into account electromagnetic interference. This, in turn, enabled determining a relationship allowing to determine the probability of a static converter staying in a state of full ability. The presented discussions regarding a static converter, taking into account electromagnetic interference, allow for the numerical assessment of different types of solutions (technical and organizational), which can be implemented in order to mitigate the impact of electromagnetic interference on a system’s functioning.

Quota Women Are Threatening to Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klea Faniko ◽  
Till Burckhardt ◽  
Oriane Sarrasin ◽  
Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi ◽  
Siri Øyslebø Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Women In Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Two studies carried out among Albanian public-sector employees examined the impact of different types of affirmative action policies (AAPs) on (counter)stereotypical perceptions of women in decision-making positions. Study 1 (N = 178) revealed that participants – especially women – perceived women in decision-making positions as more masculine (i.e., agentic) than feminine (i.e., communal). Study 2 (N = 239) showed that different types of AA had different effects on the attribution of gender stereotypes to AAP beneficiaries: Women benefiting from a quota policy were perceived as being more communal than agentic, while those benefiting from weak preferential treatment were perceived as being more agentic than communal. Furthermore, we examined how the belief that AAPs threaten men’s access to decision-making positions influenced the attribution of these traits to AAP beneficiaries. The results showed that men who reported high levels of perceived threat, as compared to men who reported low levels of perceived threat, attributed more communal than agentic traits to the beneficiaries of quotas. These findings suggest that AAPs may have created a backlash against its beneficiaries by emphasizing gender-stereotypical or counterstereotypical traits. Thus, the framing of AAPs, for instance, as a matter of enhancing organizational performance, in the process of policy making and implementation, may be a crucial tool to countering potential backlash.

Destruction of water-in-oil emulsions in electromagnetic fields in a dynamic mode

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
L.A. Kovaleva ◽  
R.R. Zinnatullin ◽  
V.N. Blagochinnov ◽  
A.A. Musin ◽  
Yu.I. Fatkhullina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Droplet Dynamics ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Em Field ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion

Some results of experimental and numerical studies of the influence of radio-frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) electromagnetic (EM) fields on water-in-oil emulsions are presented. A detailed investigation of the dependence of the dielectric properties of emulsions on the frequency of the field makes it possible to establish the most effective frequency range of the EM influence. The results of water-in-oil emulsion stability in the RF EM field depending on their dielectric properties are presented. The effect of the MW EM field on the emulsion in a dynamic mode has been studied experimentally. In an attempt to understand the mechanism of emulsion destruction the mathematical model for a single emulsion droplet dynamics in radio-frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) electromagnetic fields is formulated.

Demulsification of a Water-in-crude Oil Emulsion with a Corn Oil BasedDemulsifier using the Response Surface Methodology: Modelling and Optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abed Saad ◽  
Nour Abdurahman ◽  
Rosli Mohd Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Oil Emulsions

: In this study, the Sany-glass test was used to evaluate the performance of a new surfactant prepared from corn oil as a demulsifier for crude oil emulsions. Central composite design (CCD), based on the response surface methodology (RSM), was used to investigate the effect of four variables, including demulsifier dosage, water content, temperature, and pH, on the efficiency of water removal from the emulsion. As well, analysis of variance was applied to examine the precision of the CCD mathematical model. The results indicate that demulsifier dose and emulsion pH are two significant parameters determining demulsification. The maximum separation efficiency of 96% was attained at an alkaline pH and with 3500 ppm demulsifier. According to the RSM analysis, the optimal values for the input variables are 40% water content, 3500 ppm demulsifier, 60 °C, and pH 8.

Situational Breakdowns

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Nassauer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Collective Decisions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

This book provides an account of how and why routine interactions break down and how such situational breakdowns lead to protest violence and other types of surprising social outcomes. It takes a close-up look at the dynamic processes of how situations unfold and compares their role to that of motivations, strategies, and other contextual factors. The book discusses factors that can draw us into violent situations and describes how and why we make uncommon individual and collective decisions. Covering different types of surprise outcomes from protest marches and uprisings turning violent to robbers failing to rob a store at gunpoint, it shows how unfolding situations can override our motivations and strategies and how emotions and culture, as well as rational thinking, still play a part in these events. The first chapters study protest violence in Germany and the United States from 1960 until 2010, taking a detailed look at what happens between the start of a protest and the eruption of violence or its peaceful conclusion. They compare the impact of such dynamics to the role of police strategies and culture, protesters’ claims and violent motivations, the black bloc and agents provocateurs. The analysis shows how violence is triggered, what determines its intensity, and which measures can avoid its outbreak. The book explores whether we find similar situational patterns leading to surprising outcomes in other types of small- and large-scale events: uprisings turning violent, such as Ferguson in 2014 and Baltimore in 2015, and failed armed store robberies.

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