CHICKPEAS AS PART OF BVMC FOR LACTATING GOATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
V.S. ZOTEEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Lactating Goats

Changes in the live weight of goats aged from 3 to 6 months are analyzed. with the introduction of the drug “Melapol”, which contains melatonin-the hormone of the pineal gland.

scholarly journals Body composition changes in goats during early lactation estimated using a two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Dunshea ◽  
A. W. Bell ◽  
T. E. Trigg
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Calculated Energy ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Pool Model

A two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics was used to estimate the major body water pools, and hence body composition, in goats at days 10, 38 and 76 of lactation. Between days 10 and 38 of lactation goats were, on average, in negative calculated energy balance and were estimated to have mobilized 59 g body fat stores/d. Mean calculated energy balance over days 38–76 of lactation was slightly positive and there was little change in estimated body fat. Gut fill increased over the early part of lactation when goats were mobilizing body fat. Consequently, live weight did not differ at any stage of lactation and did not provide a good index of body fat status of the goats. There were also no significant differences in empty-body-weight, water, protein, ash or fat-free mass at the three stages of lactation. As average calculated energy balance and changes in energy stored as fat were highly correlated, it is concluded that the two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics is a useful means of serially estimating changes in body fat content in unfasted lactating goats.

A two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics to predict body composition in unfasted lactating goats

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Dunshea ◽  
A. W. Bell ◽  
K. D. Chandler ◽  
T. E. Trigg
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Pool Model ◽  
Total Body

ABSTRACTA two-pool model of tritiated water kinetics was investigated as a means of partitioning total body water into empty body water and gut water in 17 lactating goats. Empty body water, gut water and total body water were of a similar magnitude to, and highly correlated with, a rapidly equilibrating tritiated water pool, a more slowly equilibrating pool and the sum of these two pools, respectively.Empty body fat was poorly correlated with both live weight and empty body weight (R2 = 0·42 and 0·51, respectively). However, there was a strong inverse relationship between the water and fat contents of the empty body. Consequently, empty body fat was accurately predicted by a multiple regression equation which included both empty body weight and empty body water as independent variables (R2 = 0·97). Substitution of these variables with estimates derived from tritiated water kinetics still resulted in a high correlation (R2 = 0·88). Tritiated water kinetics offered little improvement over live weight alone in the prediction of empty body protein, empty body ash or fat-free empty body.

Response of lactating goats to low phosphorus intake 1. Milk yield and faecal excretion of P and Ca

1988 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Müschen ◽  
A. Petri ◽  
G. Breves ◽  
E. Pfeffer
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Phosphorus Intake

SummaryIn weeks 1–6 of lactation, 11 goats were fed diets adequate in phosphorus content, supplying a basal intake of 2·8 g P/day plus 1·4 g P/kg milk produced. In group 1 (three goats), this scheme was continued until week 16. In group 2 (four goats), P supply was changed from an adequate one to a reduced amount by restricting the variable intake to 1·0 g P/kg milk during weeks 7–16 and the basal intake to 0·8 g P/day during weeks 12–16. In group 3 (four goats), P deficiency was caused during weeks 7–11 by a basal intake of 0·8 g P/day plus only 0·4 g P/kg milk. During weeks 12–16 these goats received the same supply of P provided in weeks 1–6.Milk yield was depressed in group 3, but not in group 2. Composition of milk was not affected by P intake in either group. Digestibility of organic matter was reduced from 0·73 to 0·64 by P deficiency treatment. Reduction of faecal P excretion in group 2 appeared to enable P homoeostasis even at the reduced level of P intake. The amounts of P and Ca secreted in milk during P deficiency in group 3 clearly exceeded the corresponding net absorptions. During this period, daily faecal P excretion was reduced to 17 mg/kg live weight. P concentrations in blood plasma, saliva and particle-free rumen fluid were also drastically reduced. Faecal excretion of P increased after the animals returned to the diet supplying adequate P. The increase occurred before the pre-depletion P status had been restored.

Factors affecting biomass production and nutritive value of Calliandra calothyrsus leaf as fodder for ruminants

2003 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. TUWEI ◽  
J. N. N. KANG'ARA ◽  
I. MUELLER-HARVEY ◽  
J. POOLE ◽  
F. K. NGUGI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Cutting Frequency

Calliandra calothyrsus is a tree legume native to Mexico and Central America. The species has attracted considerable attention for its capacity to produce both fuelwood and foliage for either green manure or fodder. Its high content of proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) and associated low digestibility has, however, limited its use as a feed for ruminants, and there is also a widespread perception that wilting the leaves further reduces their nutritive value. Nevertheless, there has been increasing uptake of calliandra as fodder in certain regions, notably the Central Highlands of Kenya. The present study, conducted in Embu, Kenya, investigated effects of provenance, wilting, cutting frequency and seasonal variation both in the laboratory (in vitro digestibility, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, extractable and bound proanthocyanidins) and in on-station animal production trials with growing lambs and lactating goats. The local Kenyan landrace of calliandra (Embu) and a closely-related Guatemalan provenance (Patulul) were found to be significantly different, and superior, to a provenance from Nicaragua (San Ramón) in most of the laboratory traits measured, as well as in animal production and feed efficiency. Cutting frequency had no important effect on quality; and although all quality traits displayed seasonal variation there was little discernible pattern to this variation. Wilting had a much less negative effect than expected, and for lambs fed calliandra as a supplement to a low quality basal feed (maize stover), wilting was actually found to give higher live-weight gain and feed efficiency. Conversely, with a high quality basal diet (Napier grass) wilting enhanced intake but not live-weight gain, so feed efficiency was greater for fresh material. The difference between fresh and wilted leaves was not great enough to justify the current widespread recommendation that calliandra should always be fed fresh.

Effect of protected fat supplementation to lactating goats on growth and fatty acid composition of perirenal fat in goat kids

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Martín ◽  
P. Rodríguez ◽  
A. Rota ◽  
A. Rojas ◽  
M. R. Pascual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Perirenal Fat

AbstractAn experiment was conducted to measure the response of goat kids to supplementary feeding of their dams with protected fat (calcium soap of fatty acids). At birth, 22 single male goat kids were distributed in two groups according to the dams’ diet supplemented with 0 (dam control diet, DCD) or 100 (dam protected fat, DPF) g/day of protected fat through lactation. Higher energy intake of dams given protected fat caused higher fat content of their milk (P< 0·01) and the fatty acid profile was affected with a reduction of lauric acid (P< 0.01) and myristic acid (P< 0.01) and an increase in palmitic acid (P< 0.01). Goat kids were suckled by their dams from birth until the end of the experiment and had access to a creep food from 7 days of age. Kids were slaughtered at 45 days of age. There was no significant response (P> 0Ό5) in terms of kid mean live-weight gain, being 172 g (DPF) compared with 148 g (DCD). Fatty acid composition of the perirenal fat showed some differences between groups. Fat composition of group DPF was significantly higher in palmitoleic, oleic and linoleic acid content. In addition, myristic, palmitic and stearic acid had lower values. Fat of goat kids of the DPF group was more unsaturated (43·3 g per 100 g) than fat from animals of the DCD group (32·5 g per 100 g). In the DPF group, oleic acid comprised most of the unsaturated fatty acid due to its important increase compared with fat composition of the DCD group. In conclusion, fatty acid composition of fat depot in goat kids can he modified by feeding of the dams through lactation, which could be useful for possible changes according to market demand.

scholarly journals Responses to postruminal infusions of glucose and casein in lactating goats

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. E. Ranawana ◽  
R. C. Kellaway
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Kinetic Measurements ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Arterial Plasma ◽  
Basal Ration

1. A study was made in goats of the response in terms of milk production, nitrogen utilization, plasma amino acids and glucose kinetics to postruminal infusions of glucose and casein. Goats in mid-lactation, housed in metabolism cages, were fed on 2 kg basal ration (containing 112 g crude protein (N × 6.25)/kg)/d alone (control) and with daily infusions into the abomasum of 45 g casein or 45 g glucose.2. Milk production increased with casein infusion (P < 0.01), but not with glucose infusion, being 1.59, 1.86 and 1.62 kg/d with the control, casein and glucose infusions respectively. Milk composition was unaffected except for milk fat, which was decreased by the glucose infusion.3. The goats were in positive N balance on the basal ration. Milk N output increased with casein infusion, by an amount equivalent to 27% of the infused N.4. The concentration of dispensable amino acids in arterial plasma was decreased with casein infusion and increased with glucose infusion.5. Glucose kinetic measurements with control, casein and glucose infusions indicated that pool sizes were 247, 279 and 302 mg/kg live weight0.75, and irreversible losses were 5.5, 6.7 and 7.0 mg/kg live weight0.75 per min respectively. The differences between the results obtained from the glucose and casein infusions were not significant (P < 0.05).6. The results of the experiment indicate that the increased milk production obtained when casein was infused was not due to enhanced gluconeogenesis.

EFFECT OF THE DRUG “MELAPOL” ON THE GROWTH OF YOUNG DAIRY GOATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
N.I. VLADIMIROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dairy Goats

Changes in the live weight of goats aged from 3 to 6 months are analyzed. with the introduction of the drug “Melapol”, which contains melatonin-the hormone of the pineal gland.

Effect of repeated cycles of melatonin and long light on milk production in the goat

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
M.A. Alamer ◽  
C.H. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Milk Secretion ◽  
Light Effect ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Lactating Goats

Exposure to long day photoperiod is known to stimulate milk secretion in dairy cattle, but the mechanism has not been determined. Melatonin (MEL), which is produced by the pineal gland, is stimulated during darkness and has been known to mimic the short day signal when administered during long day exposure. Preliminary evidence has suggested that long term MEL treatment sensitizes lactating goats to subsequent long light exposure (Knight, 1993). The present study was undertaken to test if repeated short cycles of MEL would prime goats to subsequent long light effect on milk yield.

scholarly journals Features of pubertas of young egg chickens when grown under monochromatic and white lighting

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
I. V. Siianova ◽  
T. V. Kruchinkina
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Absolute Mass ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Different Color

The work was carried out in the Amur region at the Belogorsk poultry farm. In the period from 2015 to 2019, five experiments were carried out taking into account the seasonality. The aim of the study was to identify the influence of the spectral composition of light sources on the pubertation of replacement young egg chickens at the age of 15 weeks: the development of the pineal gland, pituitary gland and genital organs of the youngs. The study on replacement young egg crosses of Hisex White and Decalb White chickens was carried out. In the breeding workshop, four groups of day-old chickens were formed, 200 heads each. From one day of age to 15 weeks, young birds were kept under light of different colors in conditions of gradually decreasing daylight hours from 24 to 12 hours a day and an illumination level from 50-30 to 7-6 lux. White, yellow, green and blue compact fluorescent lamps were used as light sources. In young birds at the age of 30, 60 and 90 days, the live weight was determined by weighing 100 heads from each group. A 15-week-old bird was bled for β-estradiol content at a random selection of 30 birds from each group. For anatomical examination, 5 pullets from each group were sacrificed at the age of 15 weeks, taking into account the body weight required by the norm. The absolute mass of the pineal gland, pituitary gland, ovary, oviduct was determined in the bird, the length of the oviduct was measured. Regardless of the season of the year, the live weight of 90-day-old young in groups under white and yellow illumination had the upper values of the norm, with green and blue it could be at its lower border. Under white and yellow illumination, pullets at 15 weeks of age have higher serum β-estradiol levels. At anatomical examination in 15-week-old chickens under white and yellow lamps, the absolute mass of the pineal gland is less by 10.5 - 41.7% than under green and blue ones, and the mass of the pituitary gland, on the contrary, is more by 4.8 - 8.3%. Pullets with different color illumination did not have significant differences in the mass of the ovary and oviduct, as well as the length of the oviduct, the level of development of which corresponded to a given age. Under white and yellow lighting, the first signs of the onset of puberty at 15 weeks of age are slightly more pronounced than under green and blue light sources.

Effect of repeated cycles of melatonin and long light on milk production in the goat

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
M.A. Alamer ◽  
C.H. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Milk Secretion ◽  
Light Effect ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Lactating Goats

Exposure to long day photoperiod is known to stimulate milk secretion in dairy cattle, but the mechanism has not been determined. Melatonin (MEL), which is produced by the pineal gland, is stimulated during darkness and has been known to mimic the short day signal when administered during long day exposure. Preliminary evidence has suggested that long term MEL treatment sensitizes lactating goats to subsequent long light exposure (Knight, 1993). The present study was undertaken to test if repeated short cycles of MEL would prime goats to subsequent long light effect on milk yield.

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