Eldvatn bridge – Iceland´s first network arch bridge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristján Uni ÓSKARSSON ◽  
Magnús Arason ◽  
Baldvin Einarsson ◽  
Guðmundur Valur Guðmundsson
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Flooding Event ◽  
Main Ring ◽  
Glacial River

<p>Following an enormous flooding event in the Skaftá glacial river in the south of Iceland in 2015, which severely damaged the existing bridge, a new network arch bridge has been designed, constructed and opened in 2019 to restore a much-needed road connection across the river adjoining the Main Ring Road [1]. The 79 m long bridge, designed by EFLA in cooperation with the Icelandic Road and Coastal Administration, is the first network arch bridge in Iceland.</p><p><br clear="none"/></p>

scholarly journals The South-Central U.S. Flood of May 2010: Present and Future*

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 4688-4709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Lackmann
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Moisture Flux ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
The South ◽  
South Central ◽  
Flooding Event ◽  
The Future ◽  
Central United States

Abstract Previous studies have documented a feedback mechanism involving the cyclonic low-level jet (LLJ), poleward moisture flux and flux convergence, and condensational heating. Increased water vapor content and potentially heavier precipitation accompanying climate warming suggest the hypothesis that this feedback could strengthen with warming, contributing to amplification of precipitation extremes beyond what the thermodynamically controlled vapor increase would provide. Here, this hypothesis is tested with numerical simulations of a severe flooding event that took place in early May 2010 in the south-central United States. Control simulations with a mesoscale model capture the main features of the May 2010 flooding event. A pseudo–global warming approach is used to modify the current initial, surface, and boundary conditions by applying thermodynamic changes projected by an ensemble of GCMs for the A2 emission scenario. The observed synoptic pattern of the flooding event is replicated but with modified future thermodynamics, allowing isolation of thermodynamic changes on the moisture feedback. This comparison does not indicate a strengthening of the LLJ in the future simulation. Analysis of the lower-tropospheric potential vorticity evolution reveals that the southern portion of the LLJ over the Gulf of Mexico in this event was strengthened through processes involving the terrain of the Mexican Plateau; this aspect is largely insensitive to climate change. Despite the lack of LLJ strengthening, precipitation in the future simulation increased at a super Clausius–Clapeyron rate because of strengthened convective updrafts.

Ambientalismo costruttivo. Il miglioramento della Tangenziale sud di Bergamo

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 126-203
Author(s):  
Marco Adriano Perletti
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
The South ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
The Impact

- The project for the south of the Bergamo motorway ring road is the result of a commitment to problems of mobility which Wwf Italy has intensified in recent years. As a result of an initiative taken by the Bergamo Wwf, a master plan was studied for the area in 2007 to identify possible measures to lessen the impact of the road infrastructure by means of forestation and redevelopment with vegetation. The proposal has involved municipal and provincial administrations so that they can learn the contents and concretely implement this green project. As a result of further study of the project conducted by one of the municipalities concerned, the Region of Lombardy granted funding for a contract tender entitled ‘10,000 hectares of new woodland and multi-functional parkland', to be used to implement an initial lot of the project. The work planned and recently started will be completed by the end of 2010 and will constitute the start of a long process of environmental and landscape redevelopment which should be followed by other intervention in the agricultural area of Plis del rio Morla and Rogge.

scholarly journals The South Carolina Flood of October 2015: Moisture Transport Analysis and the Role of Hurricane Joaquin

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2973-2990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Marciano ◽  
Gary M. Lackmann
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Water Vapor Content ◽  
Precipitation Event ◽  
The South ◽  
Flooding Event ◽  
Additional Water ◽  
Upper Level

Abstract Record-setting rainfall occurred over the state of South Carolina in early October 2015, with maximum accumulations exceeding 500 mm. During the heavy rainfall, Hurricane Joaquin was located offshore to the southeast of the flooding event. Prior research, storm summaries, satellite imagery, and media accounts suggest that Joaquin played a major role in the flooding, mostly through the provision of additional water vapor. Here, numerical simulations are utilized to elucidate Joaquin’s role in the flooding and to diagnose moisture transport mechanisms. The South Carolina precipitation event and the track of Hurricane Joaquin are reasonably represented by two control simulations, a 36-km simulation without nesting and another with 12- and 4-km nests added; the latter improves upon a negative intensity bias for Joaquin. A band of intense moisture transport into the flooding region is associated with a narrow, diabatically produced cyclonic lower-tropospheric potential vorticity (PV) maximum. Simulations in which Joaquin is removed exhibit a similar moisture transport mechanism and also produce a band of heavy precipitation, though the axis of heaviest precipitation shifts northward into North Carolina, and there is a modest reduction (~7%) in area-averaged rainfall. Removing Joaquin produces negligible changes in regional total water vapor content but diminished upper-tropospheric diabatic outflow. The diminished outflow allows greater eastward progression of an upper-level trough, consistent with the northward precipitation shift and with weaker forcing for ascent. Changes in the upper jet associated with Joaquin appear to exert a greater influence on the flooding event than Joaquin’s contribution to water vapor content.

A Newly Discovered Inscription of Aśoka at Bahapur, Delhi

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Joshi ◽  
B. M. Pande
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
The Village

The inscription under notice is engraved on an outcrop of the Aravallis to the south-east of Delhi in a colony now being developed on the south of Srinivasapuri, a government residential colony on the Ring Road (South). The inscription is within the village limits of Bahapur, west of the modern Kalkajee Temple.

The Design and Construction of Burton Bridge

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-240
Author(s):  
R. B. Malloy ◽  
D. J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
River Level ◽  
The North ◽  
North Bank ◽  
The One ◽  
Bridge Spans ◽  
The City

Burton Bridge spans the Saint John River about 14 miles (~22 km) downstream from the city of Fredericton, New Brunswick, replacing a ferry service between Maugerville on the Trans-Canada Highway along the north bank of the river, and the township of Burton on the south side of the river. The ferry service, said to have been in use for over two hundred years, met with increasing criticism in recent years and a demand for its replacement by a bridge has resulted in the present structure, completed and opened to traffic in the autumn of 1972. The main span is an arch bridge with a center navigation span of 600 ft (182.9 m), and an overall length of 1026.5 ft (312.9 m), flanked on each side by three 125 ft (38.1 m) approach spans. The total length of bridge between the abutments is 1784.5 ft (543.9 m), and its greatest height above normal river level in summer is 185 ft (56.4 m). Access to the bridge from the existing roads is accomplished by approach roads on new embankments, the one on the south side being relatively short, while those on the north bank form a complex of roads providing east and west access to the Trans-Canada Highway, over which a pre-stressed concrete overpass bridge has been built for one of the routes.

Trilobite biostratigraphy of the Cambrian 5 and Drumian stages, Series 3 (Laurentian Delamaran, Topazan, and Marjuman stages, Lincolnian Series) of the lower Emigrant Formation at Clayton Ridge, Esmeralda County, Nevada

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (S76) ◽  
pp. 1-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick A. Sundberg
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Outer Shelf ◽  
Carbonate Platforms ◽  
The South ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Lower Member ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Flooding Event ◽  
Stage Stage

AbstractThe Emigrant Formation at Clayton Ridge, Nevada, consists of 420 m of variably interbedded shale, siltstone, and limestone representing an outer shelf environment. It ranges in age from the youngest portion of the Dyeran Stage (Laurentian Waucoban Series; Cambrian Stage 4, Series 2) to Skullrockian Stage (Ibexian Series; Tremadocian Stage, Lower Ordovician). Consequently, it is condensed compared to other localities. For example, the age-equivalent succession in the House Range and the Wendover Range of Utah and Nevada, respectively, is seven times thicker.The 100 m thick lower limestone and siltstone member of the Emigrant Formation at Clayton Ridge ranges in age from theBolbolenellus euryparia/Nephrolenellus multinodusZone (Laurentian Dyeran Stage) to theCedaria brevifronsZone (Laurentian Marjuman Stage; Drumian Stage; this study). The 40 trilobites described herein from two closely spaced sections of the lower member belong to theGlossopleura walcotti/Ptychagnostus praecurrensZone (Laurentian Delamaran Stage; Stage 5),EhmaniellaZone (Laurentian Topazan Stage; Stage 5), andCedaria selwynitoC.brevifronszones (Laurentian Marjuman Stage; Drumian Stage) zones. The lower Emigrant Formation is <10% as thick as age-equivalent age strata elsewhere in Nevada, California, and Utah. This condensed nature of the lower Emigrant Formation began with the flooding event at the beginning of theOryctocephalus indicusbiochron and the subsequent build-ups of the thick carbonate platforms to the south and northeast.New species arePagetia aspinosa,P.claytonensis, andSyspacephalus mccollumorum.

Analysis of Parameters Influence on Structure of Continuous Curved Bridge

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 1251-1254
Author(s):  
Xiang Gu ◽  
Shang Ying Xie ◽  
Shao Min Jia
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Small Radius ◽  
The South ◽  
Curved Bridge ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Key Parameter

In the modern urban bridge projects,especially the urban interchange projects and the urban viaduct projects,the long-span curved bridge with the small radius is often inevitably used,considering the transportation under bridges,pipelines and aesthetic factors.This kind of long-span curved bridge with small radius was adopted on the south of Second Ring Road in Chendu of the project of "Two Expressways,Two Extended Roads,Two Ring Roads".The influence,which the change of the parameters on the structure had,was analyzed by using the finite element software of Midas Civil 2010.Then,the parameter which had greatest impact on the inner force of the structure was found.The girder depth is the key parameter in design.

Construction of the Broadway Bridge at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, in 1932

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Ostrander ◽  
D. C. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
The South ◽  
Concrete Construction ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
The People ◽  
Married Men ◽  
South Saskatchewan River ◽  
Business District ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The University

Saskatoon in the late twenties experienced a minor construction boom. Then in 1930 the Depression hit, coinciding with more than a decade of drought that decimated Saskatchewan's farm communities and urban centres. In 1931 Saskatoon proposed a relief project. It would construct a concrete arch bridge across the South Saskatchewan River connecting the downtown business district with Nutana.Acting as the City's consulting engineer, C. J. Mackenzie, Dean of Engineering at the University of Saskatchewan, directed the design of the bridge. The metastable south bank, much higher than the downtown side of the river, was a major factor in his design. The simple geometric lines of the structure resulted in its enduring aesthetic quality.As a relief project, the Broadway Bridge had to be constructed within a year. All labour was obtained from the ranks of unemployed married men. Often 450 men were employed at once, working three shifts around the clock. During construction of the piers, temperatures fell to −40 °C (−40°F) for several days. The river's flood stage in June made it impossible to construct the majority of the falsework in the river until July. By October, freezing temperatures were again being experienced.Yet for all the difficulties, on November 11, 1932, the bridge was officially opened. It had taken the people of Saskatoon less than 11 months to construct their bridge. Unfortunately, many years of even harder times loomed ahead. Key words: arch, bridge, concrete, construction, history.

Presidential Republicanism in the South, 1960

1962 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Cosman
Keyword(s):  
The South

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

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