scholarly journals Oxidative stress response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to multiple stressors

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radovan Kopp ◽  
Miroslava Palíková ◽  
Ivana Papežíková ◽  
Jan Mareš ◽  
Stanislav Navrátil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Cyanobacterial Biomass

Fish can be exposed to multiple stressors at the same time, including natural toxins, environmental pollutants or feed contamination. In this study, we report on the effects of controlled exposure of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to multiple stressors. In doing so, we test the hypothesis that cyanobacterial biomass and arsenic in feed combine to enhance negative effects on fish, including modulation of antioxidant response. The trout (mean weight 288 ± 59 g) were divided into six experimental groups of 25 fish each (C - control group; B - 3% lyophilised toxic cyanobacterial biomass; As5 - arsenic at 5 mg·kg–1; As50 - arsenic at 50 mg·kg–1; and two combinations of cyanobacterial biomass and arsenic (B+As5 and B+As50). All indicators of oxidative stress were determined using standard methods, showing significant changes. Overall antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing antioxidant power) decreased significantly in the liver, gills and heart after 10-days, while lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) increased in the liver of groups exposed to cyanobacterial biomass, and in the heart of groups exposed to increased concentrations of arsenic and those under combined exposure. Levels of glutathione reductase showed a significant reduction following exposure, especially in the gills and liver. Our results indicate that the antioxidant system plays an important role in the protective response of tissues to stressors, and especially arsenic.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and liver damage in birds exposed to diclofenac and lead

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Osičková ◽  
Hana Banďouchová ◽  
Veronika Kováčová ◽  
Jiří Král ◽  
Ladislav Novotný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Responses of wildlife to multiple stressors fit in the ecological concept of trade-off. While toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and heavy metals for free-ranging birds has been shown in single exposures, the present study aims to evaluate oxidative stress, and liver and kidney damage caused by single and combined effects of diclofenac and lead in the Japanese quail. Forty Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into equal groups of controls, diclofenac, Pb, and Pb+diclofenac exposures. The birds were exposed to the respective chemicals through insertion of lead shots (1.5 g) into the crop on day 0 of the experiment and/or administration of 5 mg/kg of diclofenac intramuscularly in two treatments on days 0 and 5. Groups in liver and kidney tissues of birds were then compared after 10 days using histopathology and biochemistry markers such as glutathione reductase (GR), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation measured as total thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS). The liver damage score gradient was Pb+diclofenac exposure group > Pb exposure group > diclofenac exposure group and hepatic TBARS values were significantly increased in the group of birds exposed to a combination of diclofenac and lead compared to the healthy control group. The study has shown that, apart from the reported nephrotoxicity of diclofenac, hepatic toxicity should also be considered. Avian clinicians should be cautious when selecting drugs for therapy of wild birds with unknown history of exposure to toxic substances.

scholarly journals Antioxidant responses and plasma biochemical characteristics in the freshwater rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, after acute exposure to the fungicide propiconazole

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.-H. Li ◽  
V. Zlabek ◽  
J. Velíšek ◽  
R. Grabic ◽  
J. Machová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Plasma Enzymes ◽  
Plasma Characteristics ◽  
The Brain

In this study, the toxic effects of PCZ, a triazole fungicide present in aquatic environment, were studied in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, by an acute toxicity test. Compared to the control group, fish exposed to PCZ (96-h-LC50, 5.04 mg/l) showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) plasma NH3 and GLU concentration and the activities of plasma enzymes including CK, ALT, AST, LDH, but the TP content was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The oxidative stress indices (levels of LPO and CP) of brain and muscle in the experimental group were higher compared to the control group, especially for a significant change (P < 0.05) in the brain. SOD, CAT, GPx and GR activity in the brain of experimental groups was significantly lower (P < 0.05), however, an opposite tendency was found out in muscle. In addition, there are significant correlations between TBARS and CAT, TBARS and GPx, CP, and CAT, GR, and GPx in the fish brain. Thus, PCZ exposure changed the oxidative stress indices and plasma characteristics, and these changes may be used as potential bioindicators of the exposure and effect of PCZ in the controlled experiment. The use in monitoring of PCZ exposure under natural field conditions is possible, but it needs further investigations.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress in Animal Models of Acute and Chronic Renal Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Gyurászová ◽  
Alexandra Gaál Kovalčíková ◽  
Emese Renczés ◽  
Katarína Kmeťová ◽  
Peter Celec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Introduction. Kidney disease is a worldwide health and economic burden, with rising prevalence. The search for biomarkers for earlier and more effective disease screening and monitoring is needed. Oxidative stress has been linked to both, acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of our study was to investigate whether the concentrations of systemic markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status are affected by AKI and CKD, and to identify potential biomarkers. Methods. In adult male Wistar rats, AKI was induced by bilateral nephrectomy, and CKD was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy. Blood was collected 48 hours after surgery in AKI and 6 months after surgery in CKD. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), fructosamine, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured. Results. Impaired renal function was confirmed by high concentrations of plasma creatinine and urea in AKI and CKD animals. AOPP and fructosamine were higher by 100% and 54% in AKI, respectively, and by 100% and 199% in CKD, respectively, when compared to corresponding control groups. Similarly, there was approximately a twofold increase in AGEs (by 92%) and TAC (by 102%) during AKI. In CKD, concentrations of FRAP, as an antioxidative status marker, were doubled (by 107%) when compared to the control group, but concentration of TAC, another marker of antioxidative status, did not differ between the groups. Conclusions. AKI and CKD led to increased systemic oxidative stress. AOPP and fructosamine could be considered potential biomarkers for both, acute and chronic kidney damage. On the other hand, AGEs, TAC, and FRAP seem to be disease specific, which could help to differentiate between acute and chronic kidney injuries. However, this needs further validation in clinical studies.

scholarly journals Plant-based and immunostimulant-enhanced diets modulate oxidative stress, immune and haematological indices in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-253
Author(s):  
Hana Minářová ◽  
Lucie Bláhová ◽  
Jiří Kalina ◽  
Ivana Papežíková ◽  
Jan Mareš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Commercial Diets ◽  
Haematological Indices

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three commercial diets, standard, immunostimulant-supplemented (β-glucan, vitamins C and E) and plant-based, on the degree of oxidative stress in tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Selected immune and haematological indices were measured and challenge with Aeromonas salmonicida was conducted. The plant-based diet systemically modulated all oxidative stress biomarkers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; reduced and oxidised glutathione and their ratio) in the intestine. The ratio was elevated in all organs (liver, kidney, muscle and intestine) and an enhancement of respiratory burst and complement activity was observed even in the control fish. With the standard diet, an elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the intestine and a decrease in some immune indices appeared after challenge. Less distinctive changes and the lowest mortality rate (the highest being with the plant-based feed) were obtained with immunostimulants. Increased total immunoglobulin, relative lymphocytosis and a decrease in the phagocyte count were observed. This study contributes especially by a thorough examination of oxidative stress indices in different tissues. The exact composition of these commercial diets is a trade secret; however, knowledge of their effects is extremely important for fish farmers using them; therefore, this study has a great practical impact.

scholarly journals Alterations to oxidative stress markers in dogs after a short-term stress during transport

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chayanne S. Ferreira ◽  
Ricardo S. Vasconcellos ◽  
Raquel S. Pedreira ◽  
Flavio L. Silva ◽  
Fabiano C. Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Short Term

AbstractWhile methods to evaluate antioxidant capacity in animals exist, one problem with the models is induction of oxidative stress. It is necessary to promote a great enough challenge to induce measurable alterations to oxidative parameters while ensuring the protocol is compatible with animal welfare. The aim of the present study was to evaluate caged transport as a viable short-term stress that would significantly affect oxidative parameters. Twenty adult Beagle dogs, maintained on the same diet for 60 d prior to the transport, were included in the study. To simulate the stress, the dogs were housed in pairs in transport cages (1·0 m × 1·0 m × 1·5 m), placed on a truck coupled to a trailer and transported for a period of 15 min. Blood collection was performed immediately before and again 3 h after the transportation to evaluate oxidative parameters in blood serum, including thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), sequestration activity of the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH•), protein carbonylation (PC), total sulfhydryl groups (SH), alpha-tocopherol (αToc) and retinol (Ret). PC, SH and αToc were not significantly changed in the study; however, TBARS, TAC and DPPH increased, whereas Ret decreased after the transport. Although the lack of a control group of dogs not submitted to transport is a limitation to be considered, we conclude that the transport model is effective in inducing an antioxidant response in dogs and relevant blood parameters show sensitivity to this proposed model.

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kurhalyuk ◽  
H. Tkachenko ◽  
K. Pałczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome In the present work we evaluated the effect of ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) syndrome on resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents and lipid peroxidation level in the blood from brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.). Results showed that lipid peroxidation increased in erythrocytes, as evidenced by high thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Compared to control group, the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents was significantly lower in UDN-positive fish. Besides, UDN increased the percent of hemolysated erythrocytes subjected to the hydrochloric acid, urea and hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that UDN led to an oxidative stress in erythrocytes able to induce enhanced lipid peroxidation level, as suggested by TBARS level and decrease of erythrocytes resistance to haemolytic agents.

Association Between Magnesium and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-748
Author(s):  
Ana R.S. de Oliveira ◽  
Kyria J.C. Cruz ◽  
Jennifer B.S. Morais ◽  
Juliana S. Severo ◽  
Jéssica B. Beserra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
And Control

Background: The role of minerals in preventing the generation of oxidative stress in obese individuals has been evaluated. Magnesium is an antioxidant nutrient and a cofactor of enzymes involved in the cell membrane stabilization, attenuating the effects of oxidative stress. Objective: To evaluate the association between magnesium and concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in patients with obesity and eutrophic women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 73 women, divided into two groups: case group (patients with obesity, n=27) and control group (eutrophic women, n=46). Measurements of body mass index and waist circumference were performed. Dietary magnesium intake was assessed by the three-day food record using the NutWin software. Urinary magnesium concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also determined. Results: Mean values of dietary magnesium intake were 161.59 ± 60.04 and 158.73 ± 31.96 for patients with obesity and control group, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The value of urinary excretion of magnesium was lower than the reference values in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The plasma concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly higher in patients with obesity compared to the control group (p <0.001). There was no correlation between levels of magnesium biomarkers and the concentration of TBARS (p >0.05). Conclusion: Patients with obesity showed a reduced dietary magnesium intake which seems to induce hypomagnesuria as a compensatory mechanism. The marker of oxidative stress evaluated in this study was not influenced by magnesium.

Nephrotoxicity and its prevention by catechin in ferric nitrilotriacetate promoted oxidative stress in rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanwaljit Chopra ◽  
Devinder Singh ◽  
Vikas Chander
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Ferric Nitrilotriacetate ◽  
Group I ◽  
Rats And Mice

Intraperitoneal injection of ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) to rats and mice results in iron-induced free radical injury and cancer in kidneys. This study was designed to investigate the effect of catechin, a bioflavonoid with antioxidant potential, on Fe-NTA-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Four groups were employed in the present study. Group I served as control group, Group II animals received Fe-NTA (8 mg iron/kg body weight i.p.), Group III animals were given 40 mg/kg catechin p.o. twice a day for 4 days and on the 5th day Fe-NTA was challenged, and Group IV animals received catechin alone for 4 days. Renal function was assessed by measuring plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. The oxidative stress was measured by renal malondialdehyde levels, reduced glutathione levels and by enzymatic activity of catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase. One hour after a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of Fe-NTA (8 mg iron/kg), a marked deterioration of renal architecture, renal function and severe oxidative stress was observed. Pretreatment of animals with catechin markedly attenuated renal dysfunction, reduced elevated thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), restored the depleted renal antioxidant enzymes and normalized the renal morphological alterations. These results clearly demonstrate the role of oxidative stress and its relation to renal dysfunction, and suggest a protective effect of catechin on Fe-NTA-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

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