scholarly journals Prolonged detection of dengue virus RNA in the semen of a man returning from Thailand to Italy, January 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Lalle ◽  
Francesca Colavita ◽  
Marco Iannetta ◽  
Saba Gebremeskel Teklè ◽  
Fabrizio Carletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Negative Strand ◽  
Cellular Fraction ◽  
Virus Rna

This study reports the presence of dengue virus RNA in longitudinally collected semen samples of a previously healthy Caucasian man, returning to Italy from Thailand with primary dengue fever, up to 37 days post-symptom onset, when viraemia and viruria were undetectable. This finding, coupled with the evidence of dengue virus negative-strand RNA, an indirect marker of ongoing viral replication, in the cellular fraction of semen, indicates a need to further investigate possible sexual transmission.

scholarly journals Potential of Peptide-Based Non-Structural Protein 1 (NS1) Inhibitor in Obstructing Dengue Virus (DENV) Replication

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mikail Athif Zhafir Asyura ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi ◽  
Fakhru Adlan Ayub
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Viral Protein ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Ns1 Protein ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Stimulation Of

Introduction: Dengue Virus (DENV) is the pathogen for human dengue fever and is responsible for 390 million infections per year. The viral genome produces about 10 viral protein products, one of them being NS1. The NS1 protein plays a key role in viral replication and stimulation of humoral immune cells, thus being the perfect candidate to create an effective antiviral drug or vaccine for dengue Methods: Dengue Virus (DENV) is the pathogen for human dengue fever and is responsible for 390 million infections per year. The viral genome produces about 10 viral protein products, one of them being NS1. The NS1 protein plays a key role in viral replication and stimulation of humoral immune cells, thus being the perfect candidate to create an effective antiviral drug or vaccine for dengue Conclusion: The review established promising results of using peptide-based intervention on NS1. Further in vivo and randomized controlled trials are advised to solidify the applicability and biosafety of the intervention    

scholarly journals Blood glucose promotes dengue virus infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Che Weng ◽  
Po-Nien Tsao ◽  
Shin-Hong Shiao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Blood Meals

Abstract Background Dengue fever is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease globally. More than 2.5 billion people live in dengue-endemic areas. Previous studies suggested an interrelationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Conversely, glycolysis is a critical metabolic pathway for optimal dengue virus (DENV) replication. However, little is known concerning the effect of glucose on DENV replication in mosquitoes. In this study, we investigated the impact of glucose on DENV replication in mosquitoes Aedes aegypti. Methods Mosquitoes (Ae. aegypti UGAL/Rockefeller strain) were orally infected with DENV (serotype 2, 16681 strain) through infectious blood feeding. The DENV infection and transmission rates were determined by examining mosquito bodies and saliva, respectively, for DENV positivity at different time points after infection. In addition, a reverse genetic approach was applied by introducing double-stranded RNA against genes of interest into the mosquitoes to inhibit gene expression. Results Our data revealed a significant increase of DENV genome levels in mosquitoes consuming an infectious blood meal supplemented with glucose, suggesting that blood glucose is an important factor for viral replication. Interestingly, a significant increase of DENV E protein levels was detected in the saliva 4 days faster in mosquitoes that consumed infectious blood meals supplemented with glucose than in those consuming infectious blood meals alone. Furthermore, we perform RNAi to silence AKT or TOR and investigate the molecular mechanism regulating the glucose-mediated enhancement of viral replication. Silencing of AKT or TOR significantly reduced DENV titers in mosquitoes. Conclusions This study suggested that blood glucose is beneficial to DENV replication and that it facilitates virus transmission in mosquitoes via AKT and TOR signaling. Therefore, our results strengthen our understanding of dengue fever and DM co-morbidity and possibly reveal new targets for specific antiviral therapies. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Experience with a triplex arbovirus nucleic acid test (NAT) at a Canadian Public Health Laboratory

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saugata Choudhury ◽  
Raymond Tellier ◽  
Kevin Fonseca ◽  
Byron M. Berenger
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Nucleic Acid Test ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
Acid Test

Abstract Background Dengue, chikungunya and zika infections occur in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. We describe the utilization of an in-house nucleic acid test (NAT) targeting all three viruses for febrile returning travelers in Alberta, Canada. Methods NAT was performed until 40 days from symptom onset or exposure due to the prolonged duration of zika virus RNA detection. From Sept 1, 2017 to August 31, 2019, 2552 specimens from 1932 patients were tested. Results Approximately 2% of patients tested were NAT positive for dengue virus (n = 42), chikungunya virus (n = 4), and zika virus (n = 1). The majority presented with fever, myalgia and rash. Regions with the most frequent travel included SouthEast Asia (68.5%), South America (25%) and the Caribbean (6.5%). Ct values were stronger (~ 1.5 logs) for patients within 1–3 days following onset of clinical symptoms than those presenting later. Nineteen patients had urine and plasma submitted; 5 were positive for both specimens and 2 were positive only for dengue virus in the urine. Also, Ct values were lower for plasma when compared to the corresponding urine. RNA was detected until 10 days and 5 days post-exposure in plasma and urine respectively for dengue virus. Conclusions Owing to dengue viremia detected beyond the conventional 7 days and low levels of circulating zika virus globally, a cutoff of 14 days from symptom onset to NAT is sufficient to diagnose acute cases. Inclusion of a zoonotic history form that collects appropriate clinical history results in improved test utilization.

scholarly journals De Novo Synthesis of Negative-Strand RNA by Dengue Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase In Vitro: Nucleotide, Primer, and Template Parameters

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (19) ◽  
pp. 10730-10730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Nomaguchi ◽  
Matt Ackermann ◽  
Changsuek Yon ◽  
Shihyun You ◽  
R. Padmanabhan
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
De Novo ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Negative Strand ◽  
Virus Rna

scholarly journals Persistent detection of dengue virus RNA in vaginal secretion of a woman returning from Sri Lanka to Italy, April 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Iannetta ◽  
Eleonora Lalle ◽  
Maria Musso ◽  
Fabrizio Carletti ◽  
Laura Scorzolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Vaginal Secretion ◽  
Virus Rna

We describe the dynamics of dengue virus (DENV) infection in a woman in her mid-30s who developed fever after returning from Sri Lanka to Italy in April 2017. Laboratory testing demonstrated detectable DENV-RNA in plasma, urine, saliva, vaginal secretion. Persistent shedding of DENV-RNA was demonstrated in vaginal secretion, and DENV-RNA was detectable in the pelleted fraction up to 18 days from symptom onset. These findings give new insights into DENV vaginal shedding and vertical transmission.

scholarly journals Persistent detection of Zika virus RNA in semen for six months after symptom onset in a traveller returning from Haiti to Italy, February 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Nicastri ◽  
Concetta Castilletti ◽  
Giuseppina Liuzzi ◽  
Marco Iannetta ◽  
Maria R Capobianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Erythematous Rash ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vector Borne

A man in his early 30s reported in January 2016 a history of fever, asthenia and erythematous rash during a stay in Haiti. On his return to Italy, ZIKV RNA was detected in his urine and saliva 91 days after symptom onset, and in his semen on day 188, six months after symptom onset. Our findings support the possibility of sexual transmission of ZIKV and highlight the importance of continuing to investigate non-vector-borne ZIKV infection.

scholarly journals Retrospective Seroepidemiology study of dengue virus infection in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Hsuan Lee ◽  
Yu-Chia Hsieh ◽  
Chih-Jung Chen ◽  
Tzou-Yien Lin ◽  
Yhu-Chering Huang
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Seropositive Rate ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Dengue virus infection has been an important and serious public health concern in Taiwan, where local outbreaks of dengue fever occurred almost every year. To our knowledge, no nationwide investigation has been carried out to determine the actual extent of infection in the general population. Methods A total of 1308 random serum samples were collected from the general population in Taiwan in 2010. The antibody-captured enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect DENV-specific IgM and IgG. Demographics data were used for risk analysis. Results The weighted overall seroprevalence was 1.96% for anti-DENV IgM, and 3.4% for anti-DENV IgG, respectively. A significant rise of DENV IgG seropositive rate had been noted since late adulthood stage, from 1.1% at the age group of 50–59 years to 7.6% at the age group of 60–69 years. For people aged over 70 years, the seropositive rate reached 19%. Age, nationality, and regions of residency were associated with the IgG seropositivity. There was no statistically significant difference in seroprevalence of anti-Dengue IgM, indicating recent infection, among univariate predictors we proposed, including gender, age, residency, nationality, and household size. Conclusions Our results indicated that the majority of population in Taiwan born after 1940 is naive to dengue virus and the prevalence of IgG antibody against dengue virus rises with age. Nationality, and regions of residency are associated with the exposure of population to infection by dengue viruses. Further studies are needed to realize the current situation of seroprevalence of dengue fever in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Micafungin Inhibits Dengue Virus Infection through the Disruption of Virus Binding, Entry, and Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Yen-Chen Chen ◽  
Jeng-Wei Lu ◽  
Chia-Tsui Yeh ◽  
Te-Yu Lin ◽  
Feng-Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Virus Binding ◽  
Virus Serotype

Dengue fever is an arbovirus disease caused by infection with the dengue virus (DENV). Half of the world’s population lives under the threat of dengue fever, however, researchers have yet to develop any drugs that are clinically applicable to this infection. Micafungin is a member of the echinocandins family of anti-fungal drugs, capable of blocking the synthesis of β-1,3-D-glucan in the walls of fungal cells. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Micafungin against infections of enterovirus 71 (EV71) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). This is the first study demonstrating the effectiveness of micafungin in inhibiting the cytopathic effects of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) in a dose-dependent manner. Time-of-addition assays verified the inhibitory effects of micafungin in pre-treated, co-treated, and full-treatment groups. Binding and entry assays also demonstrated the effectiveness of micafungin in the early stage of DENV-2 infection. The virucidal efficacy of micafungin appears to lie in its ability to destroy the virion. Molecular docking assays revealed the binding of micafungin to the envelope protein of DENV-2, thereby revealing the mechanism by which micafungin affects the early stage of DENV infection and the stability of DENV. Two other micafungin analogs, caspofungin and anidulafungin, were also shown to have the antiviral effects on DENV-2. Finally, immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) confirmed the broad anti-DENV ability of micafungin against dengue virus serotypes 1, 3, and 4 (DENV-1, DENV-3, and DENV-4). Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of micafungin and its analogs as candidates for the development of broad-spectrum treatments for DENV infection.

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