Pertussis and pertussis prophylaxis in Denmark

In Denmark, pertussis is notifiable in children aged <2 years (the age group at which pertussis is considered potentially dangerous), when the child has clinical whooping cough which is laboratory confirmed. In 2001, there were 196 notifications in children: 95 boys and 101 girls (1). This is marginally higher than in 1999 and 2000, when there were 166 and 178 cases respectively (2, 3). In 66% of cases, the Statens Serum Institut’s department of epidemiology had to remind the clinician to submit a notification form. A total of 80 children (41%) were aged <3 months, 119 children (61%) were <5 months and 161 children (82%) were <1 year. Between three and 38 cases per month were notified, most of them in the second half of the year. The total annual incidence for children <2 years was 146 per 100 000. Most of the notified cases (72%) were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) alone, while 28% were confirmed by culture with or without positive PCR.

Download Full-text

Diagnosis of Whooping Cough in Switzerland: Differentiating Bordetella pertussis from Bordetella holmesii by Polymerase Chain Reaction

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0088936 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. e88936 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Laure F. Pittet ◽

Stéphane Emonet ◽

Patrice François ◽

Eve-Julie Bonetti ◽

Jacques Schrenzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Bordetella Pertussis ◽

Whooping Cough ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain

Download Full-text

PCR and the investigation of meningococcal infection

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268801005842 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 127 (2) ◽

pp. 269-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. L. WOOD ◽

M. J. GILL

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Health Authority ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Meningococcal Infection ◽

Age Group ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Microbiological Investigation ◽

Polymerase Chain

We examined the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in investigating suspected cases of meningococcal infection in Birmingham. Data held by Birmingham Health Authority were interrogated to determine cases of suspected or confirmed meningococcal infection for a 3-year period from April 1996. The microbiology departments of five local hospitals completed a standard proforma about the microbiological investigation of cases and included details of patient age, clinical presentation and method of confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. Of 273 cases, 123 had PCR performed on either cerebrospinal fluid and/or blood. Groups more likely to have a PCR done were those presenting with septicaemia alone, and those in the 5–14 year age group. In 33 cases, PCR was the only positive microbiological result. Over the study period there was increasing but variable use of PCR in the investigation of meningococcal infection and PCR increased the yield of confirmed cases.

Download Full-text

Detection of Cutaneouse Leishmaniasis species via PCR in Salah Adeen and Baghdad provences

Tikrit Journal of Pure Science ◽

10.25130/j.v24i1.778 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Maysaa Ibrahim Al-Jubori1 ◽

Abd Alrahman A. Al-Tae2 ◽

, Mohammad A. Al-Faham3

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Parasitic Diseases ◽

Age Group ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Common Causes ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Leishmania Parasites ◽

Group 1

Background: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic diseases that are spread worldwide due to various species of Leishmania, which are infect mammales diversity as well as human. L. tropica, L. major, and L. aethiopica which is common causes of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Salah Adeen and Baghdad provences. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of cutaneous Leishmaniasis and to identify Leishmania parasites by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in some endemic areas of Iraq. A total of 117 samples of patients with suspected cutaneous Leishmaniasis were collected in different age groups. And both sexes 73 male and 44 female patients. Results: PCR results showed the percentage of infections 62.39% of males while 37.60% of females. The average age was 23.35 years (the range, from 1- 60 years), with the highest percentage of cases in the age group 1-4 years and the lowest rate in the age group (40-60 years). The highest infection was by L.tropica of L.major and lowest infection caused by L.aethiopica, where is considered first revealed in Iraq. Conclusion: The study found that males were more likely to be infected than females. The study revealed that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most effective and sensitive method for detecting types of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.009

Download Full-text

A Clinical Validation of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis Polymerase Chain Reaction: Comparison with Culture and Serology using Samples from Patients with Suspected Whooping Cough from a Highly Immunized Population

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/174.1.89 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 174 (1) ◽

pp. 89-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

A. van der Zee ◽

C. Agterberg ◽

M. Peeters ◽

F. Mooi ◽

J. Schellekens

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Bordetella Pertussis ◽

Whooping Cough ◽

Clinical Validation ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Bordetella Parapertussis ◽

Polymerase Chain

Download Full-text

Epidemiological Analysis of COVID-19 Patients detected by Real-Time Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain reaction in a Tertiary Care Biosafety Level III Laboratory, Rawalpindi

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College ◽

10.37939/jrmc.v25i1.1576 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 128-133

Author(s):

Rabia Anjum ◽

Nadeem Ikram ◽

Asma Nafisa ◽

Naeem Akhtar

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Real Time ◽

Reverse Transcription ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Positive Test ◽

Age Group ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain

Introduction: Unexpected eruption and global dissemination of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has tested the healthcare systems of both developed and developing countries.Objective: To analyze the spectrum of novel coronavirus infection in a tertiary care setup.Materials and Methods: All oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal samples (n=7057) were collected in a viral transport medium (VTM) for qualitative analysis by a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) machine. Positive and negative controls were applied with each batch. Positive cases were stratified into mild, moderate, severe, and asymptomatic, according to the guidelines of the National Institute of Health, Pakistan. Descriptive statistical tests were applied including percentage, chi-square tests, mean, median, and mode. P < 0.05 was counted as statistically significant.Results: Average positive test rate was 18.97% (n=1339). The maximum positivity rate (26%) of COVID-19 infection was observed in June 2020. Most of the cases (60%) belonged to Rawalpindi District, were male (n=844, 63.03%), and belonged to age group (20-40 years) and mean of 36 and age range from 2-85 years. Forty-nine percent of COVID-19 infected patients were asymptomatic and only 9.8% progressed to severe disease. Overall, the mortality rate was 159(11.87%) in RT-PCR confirmed cases.Conclusion: Average positive test rate was 18.97%. The majority of the participants belonged to the young age group (20-40 yrs.) with a range from 2 to 85 years. Forty-nine percent positive COVID-19 infected patients were asymptomatic while 9.8% had severe disease.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of COVID-19 Positive Cases Diagnosed By Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Mortality from SARS-Cov-2 among Suspected Population

International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Research Studies ◽

10.47191/ijmscrs/v1-i10-04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 01 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Aklima Akter ◽

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Real Time ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Age Group ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Recovery ◽

Polymerase Chain

SARS-CoV-2, a newly emergent virus is the responsible agent for causing Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is an outgoing pandemic. Test for SARS-CoV-2 is necessary not only to confirm the cases but also to control its transmission. To diagnose Covid-19, Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 is used. A retrospective, cross sectional research was conducted in Brahmanbaria Medical college to find out the prevalence of RT-PCR positivity in suspected COVID-19 patients presented from July, 2021 to August, 2021 in the Department of Microbiology. Data was collected from the registry book of the Department of Microbiology. Among the total suspected samples (n=2025), about 1145 (56.54%) cases found positive. Among the positive cases, 59% were symptomatic, and 41% were asymptomatic. Out of the total confirmed cases, 487 (42.53%) were male & 658 were (56.54) % female. Among the confirmed cases, total recovery cases were 1057 (92.3 %) and death cases were 88 (7.7%). More death was observed in age group between 51-60 years. More than half of the positive cases with a medium number of asymptomatic population indicate a high chance of disease transmission. Female being the more vulnerable group of getting infected and age group above 50 years were more prone to succumb.

Download Full-text

High performance Nanogold™-in situ hybridzation and its use in the detection of hybridized and PCR-amplified microscopical preparations

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100166944 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 896-897

Author(s):

G. W. Hacker ◽

I. Zehbe ◽

J. Hainfeld ◽

A.-H. Graf ◽

C. Hauser-Kronberger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Messenger Rna ◽

High Performance ◽

Detection System ◽

Direct Methods ◽

Genetic Alterations ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Protein Encoding ◽

Polymerase Chain

In situ hybridization (ISH) with biotin-labeled probes is increasingly used in histology, histopathology and molecular biology, to detect genetic nucleic acid sequences of interest, such as viruses, genetic alterations and peptide-/protein-encoding messenger RNA (mRNA). In situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (PCR in situ hybridization = PISH) and the new in situ self-sustained sequence replication-based amplification (3SR) method even allow the detection of single copies of DNA or RNA in cytological and histological material. However, there is a number of considerable problems with the in situ PCR methods available today: False positives due to mis-priming of DNA breakdown products contained in several types of cells causing non-specific incorporation of label in direct methods, and re-diffusion artefacts of amplicons into previously negative cells have been observed. To avoid these problems, super-sensitive ISH procedures can be used, and it is well known that the sensitivity and outcome of these methods partially depend on the detection system used.

Download Full-text