scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI LETAK NOZZLE VENTURI MIXER PADA GENSET BERBAHAN BAKAR BIOGAS

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Muhrom Khudhori
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Airflow Velocity ◽  
Machine Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Venturi Nozzle ◽  
Optimal Type

Carburetor modification to the venturi mixer to put a hole in the center of the venturi (end of hole venturi type nozzle on the outlet end venturi section) can turn the engine generator using biogas fuel. Airflow velocity carburetor venturi section will begin upon entering the venturi section and will be maximal at the time in the middle of the venturi section. So of course the location of the placement of venturi carburetor venturi mixer on the right cross section will be obtained velocity airflow + optimum biogas. It is necessary for optimizing the placement location of the modification of the carburetor venturi mixer, air flow + in order to obtain optimum biogas which will have implications for the performance of the generator engine. In this research, manufacture three prototypes nozzle venturi mixer that will be placed at different places in the venturi duct, then the performance test was done to determine the type and location of the venturi nozzle prototype mixer is optimal. From the results of this study that : 1) Prototype nozzle venturi mixer with the tip of the nozzle in the middle (shape elbow) has the most complicated construction than the second type (type 1 and 2) the other. Manufacturing and assembly to form the elbow (type 3) is also more complicated and more difficult , this is because the space available / remaining biogas is limited to hole channel, and 2) Using a prototype generator machine type 3 is more stable when compared with other types, despite the decline, but not very significant in comparison with the other 2 types, so the prototype mixer venturi nozzle is the most optimal type 3 (square shape).

Curvature Biases in Stereoscopic Vision

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 287-287
Author(s):  
J Ninio
Keyword(s):  
Stereoscopic Vision ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vertical Segment ◽  
Directional Bias ◽  
Nasal Side ◽  
Linear Elements ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type 3

The reliability of in-depth curvature judgements for linear elements was studied with stereograms that contained two linear targets and a background representing a hemisphere. The targets were arcs facing to the left or to the right, like parentheses. Some formed binocular pairs with (type 1) or without (type 2) in-depth curvature. The others were monocular (type 3). The hemisphere in the background was generated by a random curve (Ninio, 1981 Perception10 403 – 410); it was either concave (hollow) or convex. The arcs had their binocular centre in the plane of the centre of the hemisphere. Each stereogram contained a type 1, and either a type 2 or a type 3 target. Subjects had to judge the hemisphere curvature, then the in-depth curvature of the targets in 32 different stereograms covering all curvature combinations. There were about 15% errors on type 1 targets, and 80% of these occurred when both the hemisphere and the target were convex, the target being perceived as concave, by transparency through the hemisphere. There were also about 15% errors on type 2 targets, but spread among all situations, the trend being to perceive them as slightly concave. The monocular stimuli (type 3) were judged to be frontoparallel in 70% of the cases. Otherwise, there was no directional bias except for monocular arcs on the nasal side, in conjunction with a concave background. Then, the perceived in-depth curvature was in the ‘generic’ direction predicted by associating the monocular arc in one image with a straight vertical segment in the other image.

Comparing the Arrangements of Governance and Sustainable Development in OECD Countries: Coupled or Decoupled?

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-117
Author(s):  
Huh Taewook
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Type Analysis ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study attempts to analyze to what extent governance and sustainable development (SD) empirically appear compatible in the thirtyfive OECD countries through the fuzzy-set ideal type analysis, and identify which ideal types appear coupled or decoupled, and then reveal which countries belong to the coupled types or to the decoupled types. In short, twenty-two countries (including Sweden (fuzzy score, 0.953), Denmark (0.920), Finland (0.914), Norway (0.911) in Type 1 (G*S, ‘strong G-S coupled countries’); and Turkey (0.906), Greece (0.833), Mexico (0.828) in Type 4 (g*s, ‘lite g-s coupled countries’) are in line with the accepted conventions regarding the compatible relationship between governance and SD. On the other hand, the rest of thirteen countries (including USA (fuzzy score, 0.815), Luxembourg (0.721), Australia (0.660) in Type 2 (G*s, ‘G-s decoupled countries’); and Slovenia (0.728), France (0.644), Czech Rep. (0.625) in Type 3 (g*S, ‘g-S decoupled countries’) may indicate that the relationship of governance and SD is in fact experiencing tensions in the national contexts. These findings are characterized by the substance (of SD) and procedure (of governance) divide. Considering the results, this study focuses on the idea of reflexivity or reflexive capacity.

scholarly journals Novel CineECG Derived From Standard 12-Lead ECG Enables Right Ventricle Outflow Tract Localization of Electrical Substrate in Patients With Brugada Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. van Dam ◽  
Emanuela T. Locati ◽  
Giuseppe Ciconte ◽  
Valeria Borrelli ◽  
Francesca Heilbron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Brugada Syndrome ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Outflow Tract ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Substrate ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

Background: In Brugada syndrome (BrS), diagnosed in presence of a spontaneous or ajmaline-induced type-1 pattern, ventricular arrhythmias originate from the right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT). We developed a novel CineECG method, obtained by inverse electrocardiogram (ECG) from standard 12-lead ECG, to localize the electrical activity pathway in patients with BrS. Methods: The CineECG enabled the temporospatial localization of the ECG waveforms, deriving the mean temporospatial isochrone from standard 12-lead ECG. The study sample included (1) 15 patients with spontaneous type-1 Brugada pattern, and (2) 18 patients with ajmaline-induced BrS (at baseline and after ajmaline), in whom epicardial potential duration maps were available; (3) 17 type-3 BrS pattern patients not showing type-1 BrS pattern after ajmaline (ajmaline-negative); (4) 47 normal subjects; (5) 18 patients with right bundle branch block (RBBB). According to CineECG algorithm, each ECG was classified as Normal, Brugada, RBBB, or Undetermined. Results: In patients with spontaneous or ajmaline-induced BrS, CineECG localized the terminal mean temporospatial isochrone forces in the RVOT, congruent with the arrhythmogenic substrate location detected by epicardial potential duration maps. The RVOT location was never observed in normal, RBBB, or ajmaline-negative patients. In most patients with ajmaline-induced BrS (78%), the RVOT location was already evident at baseline. The CineECG classified all normal subjects and ajmaline-negative patients at baseline as Normal or Undetermined, all patients with RBBB as RBBB, whereas all patients with spontaneous and ajmaline-induced BrS as Brugada. Compared with standard 12-lead ECG, CineECG at baseline had a 100% positive predictive value and 81% negative predictive value in predicting ajmaline test results. Conclusions: In patients with spontaneous and ajmaline-induced BrS, the CineECG localized the late QRS activity in the RVOT, a phenomenon never observed in normal, RBBB, or ajmaline-negative patients. The possibility to identify the RVOT as the location of the arrhythmogenic substrate by the noninvasive CineECG, based on the standard 12-lead ECG, opens new prospective for diagnosing patients with BrS.

P95412 lead Holter monitoring in Brugada syndrome

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Carvalho ◽  
C Gravinese ◽  
A Previti ◽  
G P Varalda ◽  
L Montagna
Keyword(s):  
Brugada Syndrome ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Holter Monitoring ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background 12 lead-Holter monitoring is commonly used for the assessment  of type 1 Brugada repolarization"s burden. However, data considering the prevalence and morphology of premature ventricular contractions (PVC) in these patients is lacking. Purpose. We investigated the prevalence of PVCs in subjects with Brugada syndrome (BRs) phenotype during 24-hour 12 lead-Holter monitoring (12-L Holter), trying to identify their origin according to morphology.  Methods. From January 2013 to September 2018, a total of 156 patients with type 1 BRs phenotype (spontaneous or drug induced) were screened for PVCs. In these patients we placed the right precordial leads at the second (V1-V2) and the forth (V3-V4) intercostal spaces.  Results. 83 subjects (53%) displayed PVCs. Their mean age was 50 years (range 21-73) and 63 (76%) were male. 14 subjects (17%) had a spontaneous type 1 repolarization whereas 69 (83%) presented a drug induced type 1. One patient had implanted an ICD as secondary prevention after an aborted sudden cardiac death. The others were mostly asymptomatic as only five of them (6%) had history of suspected cardiac syncope. 17 subjects (20%) had performed an electrophysiological study, which resulted positive in 3 cases (4%). The population without PVCs had similar baseline characteristics. In 59 (71%) patients PVCs were monomorphic, in the other 29% we analyzed the prevalent morphology. PVCs were classified according to their morphology as follows (i) left bundle branch block (LBBB)/inferior axis suggesting an origin from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), that was shown in 40 (48%) subjects; (ii) right bundle branch block (RBBB)/left axis suggesting an origin close to the posterior fascicle of the left bundle branch in 36 (43%). The other 7 patients presented several morphologies. According to their number during the 24-hour monitoring, PVCs were arbitrarily classified as follows: (i) 1-59,present in 62 patients (75%); (ii) 60-749, present in 16 patients (19%); (iii) 750-9000, present in 4 patients (5%); (iv) >9000, in only one patient (1%).  Conclusions. In our population of subjects with BRs phenotype the prevalence of PCVs is similar to that of the general population. Their morphologies suggest an origin from the RVOT or close to the posterior fascicle of the left bundle branch.

Analisis Kapasitas Galangan Kapal Ikan Untuk Memenuhi Rencana Pengadaan Kapal Ikan Hibah

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Agus Lubis Fitriansyah ◽  
Heri Supomo
Keyword(s):  
Fishing Vessel ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
Score Method ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Selection Of

The government through the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries offers assistance of fishing vessel to achieve fisheries production targets. This procurement plan must be supported by the ability and selection of the right shipyard. Beacuse the information of the capability and capacity of fiber shipyards in Indonesia is unclear, so the realization of the procurement of fishing vessel in previous years did not met the planned targets. The purpose of this study was to analyze shipyard capacity to meet the planned procurement of KKP fishing vessels grant in 2019. First classification of fishing vessels is based on the size of each GT, which is 5 GT (type 1), 5-10 GT (type 2), and 20-30 GT (type 3). The second is the minimum shipyard criteria for building fishing boats. Third, an assessment of the shipyard is based on the criteria that have been made. Fourth, shipyard selection was carried out on each WPPN-RI using the load score method. The fifth calculates the number of ships that can be built by the shipyard. The results of the shipyard assessment found that 43% of shipyards have the ability to build type 1 vessels, around 38% of shipyards have the ability to build type 2 vessels, and around 19% of shipyards have the ability to build type 3 vessels. is 1625 units / period. Referring to shipyard capacity, it can be said that the entire shipyard is able to fulfill the plan to procure assistance for KKP fishing vessels in the 2019 budget year.

STUDY OF MORPHOLOGY OF THE ETHMOIDAL ROOF ON CT SCAN IN PATIENT WITH NASOSINUSAL SYNDROMES

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Dieu Tran Thi ◽  
Thanh Dang
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Base Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type 3

Background: The ethmoidal roof is the thinnest bone of the skull base. Study of morphology of the ethmoidal roof on sinus CT Scan to avoid damaging the ethmoidal roof during sinus surgery. Objective: Describe the shape of the ethmoidal roof and some adjacent structures on computed tomography. Survey the relation between the shape of the ethmoidal roof and some adjacent structures. Patients and methods: Including 177 patients with nasosinusal syndromes who examined and underwent sinus CT scan at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Result: The mean hight of the lateral lamella of the cribrifom plate is 4.27 ± 1.96 mm on the right and 4.64 ± 1.92mm on the left. Keros type 1 accounted for 41.5%, type 2 accounted for 47.2% and type 3 accounted for 11.3%. Keros classification on the left was significantly higher than that on the right side. The hight of the nasal cavity was lowest in the Keros type 1 group and highest in type 3 (p=0.001). For more than 2 mm asymmetry of the hight of the lateral lamella of the cribrifom plate, the Keros 3 group showed a statistical more common when compared to the other groups (X2=15.62, p=0.004). The hight of the lateral lamella of the cribrifom plate at the ipsilateral side (deviated side) was higher than that of the contralateral side, but the difference is not statistically significant. Conclusion: Understanding potential asymmetries and variations of the skull base contour may assist the surgeons in avoiding complications in sinus surgery. Key words: The ethmoid roof, sinus surgery

scholarly journals Assessment of Anterior Loop of Inferior Alveolar Nerve and Its Anatomic Variations with Age, Gender, and Dentition Status in Indian Population: A CBCT Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Anjali Gupta ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Siddharth Kumar Singh ◽  
Arunoday Kumar ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Anterior Loop ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Measuring Tool ◽  
Type 3

Background. The posterior region of the mandible is more often related to iatrogenic errors, but the interforaminal region is also not spared for neurovascular complications. This study aimed to use CBCT images to evaluate the prevalence of anterior nerve looping and its variations with age, gender, and dentition status. Methods. This retrospective study was carried out by studying 600 CBCT scans retrieved from archival records of a CBCT center in Lucknow. The scans were inspected by two trained investigators. The length of the anterior loop was measured using the measuring tool of Carestream 3D imaging software. Descriptive and analytical tests were performed. Results. The prevalence of the anterior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve was found to be 56%. The prevalence was found to be more on the right side (29.0%) compared to the left side (27.0%). The most common anterior looping of the inferior alveolar nerve was type 3 followed by type 1. Males were found to have significantly higher loops compared to females. The number of loops was found to decrease significantly with age. The mean length of the loop was found to vary from 1.14 to 1.61 mm. Conclusion. The anterior looping of IAN is very much prevalent in the Lucknow population. The use of the CBCT technique and appropriate preplanning prior to surgery or implant placement should be performed to prevent nerve injury.

Phenotypic Variability in Carriers of Von Willebrand Factor Truncating Sequence Variants in the Zimmerman Program

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 2833-2833
Author(s):  
Daniel B Bellissimo ◽  
Rupa A Udani ◽  
Pamela A. Christopherson ◽  
Kenneth D. Friedman ◽  
Joan Cox Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Bleeding Score ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Index Cases

Abstract Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is caused by quantitative (types 1 and 3) and qualitative (type 2) defects in von Willebrand factor (VWF). VWD type 1 and 2 are autosomal dominant with variable expression while type 3 is autosomal recessive. The majority of patients have quantitative defects in VWF. The clinical phenotype is highly variable. This variability is evident in the normal population as the VWF antigen levels range from 50-240 IU/dl. In order to investigate variability in clinical expression of VWD, we examined type 1 or type 3 VWD index cases and their family members enrolled in the Zimmerman program where a VWF truncating variant wasfound. These variants included nonsense, splice site, deletions and duplications. All subjects had factor VIII (FVIII), VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo), and multimer distribution analyzed in a central laboratory. VWF gene sequencing was performed for all index cases. Targeted sequencing was performed for family members to ascertain the presence or absence of sequence variations found in the index case. Bleeding symptoms were quantified using the ISTH bleeding assessment tool and reported as bleeding scores. TableNumber of Truncating Variants210Number of Subjects257515VWF:Ag (IU/dl): Avg ±SD2.0±2.545±2099±32VWF:Ag Range0-106-11657-182VWF:Ag 25th-75th Percentile0-3.032-5671-112ISTH Bleeding Score: Avg±SD17.6±8.14.4±4.32.1±2.5ISTH Bleeding Score: 25th-75th Percentile10.0-23.51-60-4.0 The VWF:Ag level was significantly different between all three groups (P<0.0001). As expected, type 3 subjects with two truncating variants had the significantly lower VWF:Ag and higher bleeding scores. There was less variability in VWF:Ag and bleeding score compared to the subjects in the other two groups. In subjects with no truncating variants, the unaffected family members, the average VWF:Ag and bleeding score were similar to values observed in healthy controls. The subjects with one variant were the largest group and the most variable in VWD phenotype. The average VWF:Ag was 45±20, slightly below the cutoff of the normal range but the antigen level in this group ranged from 6-116. Thirty-five percent of subjects had VWF:Ag greater than 50 and in the normal range. Approximately 65% had VWF:Ag below 50; about one half were blood type O. 17% had VWF:Ag levels below 30. Although the bleeding score was only slightly higher than the subjects with no variants (P=0.038), the bleeding score ranged from 0-17. Even within a family, highly variable Ag levels were observed. Although numbers were small, when only families with type 3 VWD were considered, mean antigens were higher and mean bleeding scores lower for subjects heterozygous for a truncating allele compared to a non-truncating allele. For a series of subjects with identical truncating alleles, those heterozygous subjects from families with a diagnosis of type 3 VWD had lower bleeding scores than heterozygous subjects from families with only type 1 VWD, despite similar antigen levels, suggesting less concern for mild bleeding symptoms in families where some members have severe bleeding. In summary, carriers of a single VWF truncating allele have a variable phenotype. A wide range of Ag levels and bleeding scores were observed. In 35% of subjects, the Ag level is normal (>50) suggesting the lack of expression from one VWF allele can be compensated by the other VWF allele. The majority of subjects with a single VWF truncating allele had antigen levels typical for type 1 VWD. This suggests that additional environmental or genetic factors are required for symptomaticVWD. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Endometrial Carcinoma under the Age of 40.

1975 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Faggiano ◽  
Mario Trabucco ◽  
Silvana Grasso ◽  
Marcello Filotico
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histological Pattern ◽  
Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Benign Course

Endometrial adenocarcinoma in women under the age of forty presents a different course according to its histology. Adenocarcinomas of the endometrium may be classified into 4 main types: type 1, homologous or endometrioid; type 2, fallopian-like; type 3, cervical-like; type 4, unclassifiable. The majority of homologous adenocarcinomas have a relatively benign course, whereas the other types are definitely malignant. There is no room for doubt between adenocarcinoma and atypical endometrial hyperplasia in women under forty unless the histological pattern is of the homologous or endometrioid type, because the other patterns are definitely malignant.

scholarly journals Finger Length Ratio (2D:4D) and Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Leonid Kalichman ◽  
Valery Batsevich ◽  
Eugene Kobiliansky
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Finger Length ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Finger Length Ratio

This study aimed to evaluate the association between the index to ring (2D:4D) finger length ratio and aging-related traits (hand osteoarthritis (OA), the osseographic score (OSS), and reproductive period), as well as to assess the heritability of finger length. A Chuvashian population-based sample included 802 males (mean age 46.98±17.10 years) and 738 females (mean age 48.65±16.62 years). Age, sex, basic demographics, anthropometric data, reproductive indices (age at menarche, menopausal age, and length of the reproductive period), and x-rays of both hands were collected. Finger length ratio was measured on x-ray and each hand was visually classified as either type 1 – 2D&gt;4D; type 2 ― 2D=4D; or type 3 ― 2D&lt;4D. Hand OA was defined by the number of affected joints (Kellgren-Lawrence score ≥2) and the total of Kellgren-Lawrence scores (total OA score). OSS is a skeletal biomarker that comprises osteoporotic and OA changes observable on a hands x-ray. We calculated the familial correlations and performed a heritability analysis of 2D:4D ratio traits in a studied sample. After comparing the OA variables of individuals with different finger length ratio types (after adjustment for age and BMI) significant differences were found only in females between finger ratio types of the right hand in a number of affected joints (F=3.153, p=0. 043) and finger ratio types of the left (F=3.330, p=0. 036) and right (F=2.397, p=0. 047) hands of the total OA score. Females with type 3 ratio had the highest adjusted values of hand OA parameters. Results of one-way ANCOVA for finger length ratio types of the right hand showed a significant difference in OSS (df =2, F=7.569, P=0.001), after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The posthoc comparison showed that individuals with type 3 (2D&lt;4D) ratio showed significantly higher OSS scores than ones with type 1 (p=0.012) and type 2 (p=0.003). In an analysis of finger length ratio types of left hand also a significant difference in OSS was found (df=2, F=3.290, P=0.038). The posthoc comparison showed that individuals with type 3 ratio showed significantly higher OSS scores than ones with type 2 (p=0.33) ratio. We found that a low finger length ratio, a masculine visually evaluated finger length ratio type, was associated with later menarche and a shorter reproductive period. No association was found with menopausal age. Familial correlations of finger length ratio traits showed no significant correlation for spouses, however, parent-offspring (0.15―0.28, p&lt;0.001) and sibling correlations (0.13―0.38, p&lt;0.009) were found significant. Heritability (H2) of visual classification of finger length ratio was 0.36 for the left and 0.28 for the right hand; finger ratio was 0.55 and 0.66, respectively; the ray ratio was 0.49 and 0.59, respectively, thus indicating the existence of a clear familial aggregation of finger length ratio variation in the Chuvashian pedigrees, which cannot be explained by pure common environmental effects.

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