scholarly journals Compressive Strength of Concrete using Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1400-1410
Author(s):  
Joel Sam
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Minor Compounds

Decreasing our over-reliance on cement as an ingredient in the making of concrete due to its contribution to the CO2 emissions has led to numerous researches been conducted to find suitable replacement for cement in concrete mixes.  Materials like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, rice husk ash and metakaolin among others have been identified as materials that can at the very least be used as a replacement for cement in concrete mix. These materials are referred to as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). This paper reviewed the work that has been done on the use of fly ash and rice husk ash as partial replacements for concrete, its chemical composition and its effect on the compressive strength of concrete. Charts, tables and figures were employed as tools to study the various chemical compounds of fly ash and rice husk ash. It was seen that depending on how the coal or rice husk was initially processed the percentage of some of the minor compounds like Sodium oxide (Na2O), Titanium oxide (TiO2) and Phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) were sometimes very low or not recorded as part of the final product.  The data on the compressive strength of concrete after fly ash and rice husk ash had been added in percentage increments of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15% respectively analysed over a minimum period of 7 days and a maximum period of 28 days found out that the optimal percentage partial replacement of fly ash and rice husk ash for a strong compressive concrete strength is 30% of fly ash and 7.5% of rice husk ash.

On Effects of Fly Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement on Concrete Strength

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 3970-3973
Author(s):  
Reagan J. Case ◽  
Kai Duan ◽  
Thuraichamy G. Suntharavadivel
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Replacement Ratio ◽  
Interface Reactions ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Interface Bonding Strength ◽  
Large Research

As a part of a large research program aiming at the cementitious materials containing recycled materials at Central Queensland University – Australia, the current paper presents the preliminary results of a study on the effects of fly ash, which is used to replace cement in concrete, on the concrete compressive strength. For this purpose, systematic experiments have been carried out to investigate the influences of fly ash ratio and age. The compressive strength of concrete specimens with replacement ratios of 15%, 30% and 45%, and aged 7 and 28 days are measured and are compared with those of the concrete specimens without fly ash at the same ages. The results demonstrate that the strength of fly ash containing concrete improves more slowly but more strongly with aging, than their fly ash free counterparts, and an optimum fly ash replacement ratio exists where the maximum compressive strength of fly ash containing concrete can be achieved, and the maximum strength for the specimens aged 28 days and above is higher that of fly ash free concrete. Furthermore, the observation strength behaviours are analysed and discussed in terms of the influences of fly ash on interface reactions and interface bonding strength.

scholarly journals Influence of Rice Husk Ash Density on the Workability and Strength of Structural Concrete

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kamau ◽  
Ash Ahmed ◽  
Fraser Hyndman ◽  
Paul Hirst ◽  
Joseph Kangwa
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
High Water ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Structural Applications

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) have been known to improve the properties of fresh and hardened concrete, and at the same time enhance the sustainability of concrete. Rice husk Ash (RHA), is one such material, but has neither been widely studied nor applied in practice. This work investigated the effect of the density of RHA on the workability and compressive strength of fresh and hardened RHA-replaced concrete respectively. Cement was replaced with RHA in concrete by weight (RHA-W) and by volume (RHA-V) at steps of 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. The 0% replacement was used as the reference point from which performances were measured. Results showed that unlike the characteristic of other established pozzolans, RHA significantly reduced the workability of wet concrete and the rate of compressive strength gain over curing time due to a high water demand that is caused by the increased volume of replaced concrete, which results from its low density. Workability reduced with increased replacement for both RHA-W and RHA-V. Replacements of above 15% were not possible for the RHA-W due to the high water demand. However, replacements of up to 30% were achieved for the RHA-V. RHA-W specimens achieved lower compressive strengths and were observed to gain strength at a lower rate over the 28 to 91-days period of curing compared to RHA-V specimens. This behavior was attributed to the shortage of water that is necessary for the hydration of cement and subsequent pozzolanic reaction, which is the basis of the contribution that is made to the strength and performance of concrete by SCMs. However, the compressive strengths achieved were above the study’s target concrete strength of class C32/40 at 91 days, which is among those classes that are listed as being durable and suitable for structural applications. A conclusion that RHA should supplement cements by volumetric replacement rather than simple substitution by weight was drawn.

scholarly journals Study of Fly Ash, Rice Husk Ash and Marble Powder as Partial Replacement to Cement in Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-321
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Ahiwale ◽  
Rushikesh Khartode
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Marble Powder

Now days, the waste rice husk from rice mill, marble powder from tile industry and fly ash from steam power plant are necessary to utilize as partial replacement of cement for concrete production. Large scale production of cement required consumption of raw materials and energy as well as emissions to air which posse’s environmental threat in various areas of country. Apart from the environmental threat, there still exists the problem of shortage in many areas. Therefore, substitute material for concrete needs to be considered. The paper aims to analyze the compressive strength of concrete cubes and flexural strength of concrete beams made from partially replaced cement, sand, and coarse aggregate. This research study adopted in laboratory on 48 total specimens of grade M25 concrete cubes of size 150x150x150mm and concrte beams of size 100x100x500mm were casted. Out of the 48 concrete specimens cast, 6 each were made out 10%, 20%, and 30 % replacement of fly ash, rice husk ash and marble powder to cement in concrete. It was found that the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete made from the mixture of 20 % partially replaced cement, sand and coarse aggregate was similar than the concrete made from without replaced cement , sand and coarse aggregate.

Assessment of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) on Compressive Strength of Concrete Grade 20

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Ige ◽  
Mukaila A. Anifowose ◽  
Samson O. Odeyemi ◽  
Suleiman A. Adebara ◽  
Mufutau O. Oyeleke
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Strength Result

This research assessed the effect of Nigerian rice husk ash (RHA) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) as partial replacement of cement in concrete grade 20. Rice husk ash (RHA) is obtained by combustion of rice husk in a controlled temperature. The replacement of OPC with rice husk ash (RHA) were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. 1% of Calcium Chloride was blended with OPC/RHA in all the test specimens except from control mix. Concrete cubes of sizes 150mm x 150mm x 150mm were cast and cured in water for 7, 14 and 28 days respectively. Slump test was conducted on fresh concrete while density test and compressive strength test were conducted on hardened concrete. The slump results revealed that the concrete becomes less workable (stiff) as percentage increases. The compressive strength result at 28 days revealed that 5%RHA/1%CaCl2 have the highest strength of 26.82N/mm2 while 20%RHA/1%CaCl2 have the lowest strength (21.48N/mm2). Integration of 5%RHA/1%CaCl2 and 10%RHA/1%CaCl2 as cement replacement will produce a concrete of higher compressive strength compared to conventional concrete in grade 20 concrete.

scholarly journals A Study on the Strength Aspects of Concrete with Metakaolin, GGBFS and Rice Husk Ash as Partial Replacement of OPC

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Sanjeev Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of the OPC on the environment is important as its production generates a large amount of CO2. In order to reduce the use of pure raw materials as resources, the use of industrial waste or secondary materials in construction sites for the production of cement and concrete has been encouraged. The volume of wastes generated worldwide has increased over the years due to the population, social and economic performance and social development. One of the most attractive options for waste management is to minimize waste and reuse the possibility of recycling. The cost of cement used in concrete works is increasing and unsatisfactory, but the demand for this material and other housing needs is rising, so it is important to find alternatives that can be used alone or in a partial replacement. In this research work several auxiliary cementitious ingredients such as metakaoline, GGBFS and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) were used to improve the strength properties of the conservative concrete. Metakaolin and GGBFS was used at a fixed percentage of 10 percent as fractional substitution of the OPC-43 grade cement, while the RHA was used at different percent ranging from 0 to 25 percent at an increment of 5 percent in each case as fractional substitution of the OPC-43 grade cement. Numerous examinations were executed so as to envisage the effect of these materials over the strength and engineering properties of the concrete. The test results conclude that the usage of the metakaolin, GGBFS and the RHA in combined form increased the strength and engineering properties of the conventional concrete up to a great extent. From the obtained test results it can be further concluded that the particle size of the supplementary cementitious materials plays a significant role in enhancing the internal micro-structure of the concrete and which further leads to the higher strength of the concrete. Also the main reason behind the advanced strength was the presence of the metakaolin and GGBFS in the concrete, whose chemical properties densifies the concrete and made the concrete more stable and promotes higher strength. Future work can also be done on the usage of several other supplementary cementitious materials at different other percentages so as to improve concrete properties.

scholarly journals Modeling Wood and Fly Ash Behaviour as Partial Replacement for Cement on Compressive Strength of Self Compacting Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eluozo S.N. ◽  
Dimkpa K
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Model Validation ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

Wood and fly ash were observed to have significant qualities that could improved the strength of self compacting concrete, the material were applied to increase the compressive strength of concrete strength, this material could be the demanding material for partial  replacement for cement, the study observed the behaviour of the material from experts that applied these material through experimental investigation, but the study monitored the behaviour of this material by applied modeling and simulation to determine other effect that could influence the behaviour of this materials in compressive strength, this was to determine the  significant effect on the addictive applied as partial replacement for cement, lots of experts has done works on fly ash through experiment concept, but the application of predictive concept has not be carried out, the  adoption of this concept has expressed other parameters that contributed to the efficiency of  wood and fly ash as partial replacement for cement on self compacting concrete. The study adopting modeling and simulation observed 10 and 20% by weight of cement as it is reflected on its performance in the simulation, from the simulation wood recorded 10% as it was observed from the growth rate of this self compacting concrete reflected from the trend, the simulation for model validation were compared with the works of the studies carried out [20]. And both values developed best fits correlation

Performance of Mortar Grouts Incorporating Rice Husk Ash and Fly Ash

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-48
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Apparent Volume ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Penetration Tests

Chapter 3 is based on performance of mortar grouts incorporating rice husk ash (RHA) and fly ash (FA). Detailed experimental work was conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of mortar grout using RHA and FA as partial replacement of cement. This study investigated the compressive strength and durability of mortar grouts in their hardened state. Durability tests such as water absorption, apparent volume of permeable voids, sorptivity, and rapid chloride penetration tests are researched. Detailed results and discussion which focused on mechanical properties as well as durability of hardened state mortar grout are presented. It was confirmed that the inclusion of blended RHA and FA significantly improved the compressive strength of mortar grouts. The durability of mortar grout increased along with a longer curing time. Hence, RHA and FA can partially replace cement in the production of mortar grouts.

scholarly journals The Influence and Application of Slag, Fly Ash, and Limestone Flour on Compressive Strength of Concrete Based on the Concrete Compressive Strength Development over Time (CCSDOT) Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3572
Author(s):  
Jian Zheng ◽  
Guohua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Compressive Strength Development ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Selection Of

Concrete and cement have been widely used in past decades as a result of urbanization. More and more supplementary cementitious materials are adopted in concrete because its production complements environmental conservation. The influence of slag, fly ash, limestone, etc., on compressive strength of concrete is of interest to engineers worldwide. Many previous studies were specific to certain engineering or certain experiments that could not reveal the nature of the influence of the three supplementary cementitious materials on concrete’s compressive strength. The research concerning the influence of two or more kinds of supplementary cementitious materials on concrete’s compressive strength is still unclear. Moreover, there is a lack of clarity on the optimum proportion of one or more certain cementitious materials in practical engineering or experiments. To overcome these problems, this study adopts the concrete compressive strength development over time (CCSDOT) model, which generates an explicit formula to conduct quantitative research based on extensive data. The CCSDOT model performs well in fitting the compressive strength development of concrete containing cement, slag, fly ash, and limestone flour. The results reveal the nature of the influence of the three supplementary cementitious materials on concrete’s compressive strength through the parameter analysis in the model. Two application cases are analyzed concerning the selection of the three supplementary cementitious materials and design of concrete mix proportion for practical engineering. It is concluded that the CCSDOT model and the method in this study can possibly provide guidance on both the selection of supplementary cementitious materials and the design of optimal concrete mix proportion for practical engineering. Therefore, the study is highly essential and useful.

scholarly journals Review on Accelerated Carbonation on the Properties of Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Rajani V Akki ◽  
K.E. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Accelerated Carbonation ◽  
Carbonation Process ◽  
Strength And Durability

Concrete is an essential material in all constructions throughout the world. It has lot of uses in our daily routine life. Every material has to deteriorate and damage due to many factors in the same way the concrete also deteriorates. The carbonation process is identified as a main reason for the corrosion in reinforcement concrete structure. The mechanism of carbonation which includes the entrance of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the solid permeable framework of concrete to shape a situation by decreasing the pH around the fortification and inception of the corrosion procedure. This paper investigates the impact of the carbonation on the characteristics of the concrete like strength in compression, split tensile strength, flexural strength, shear strength and durability. The addition of supplementary cementitious materials like fly ash, GGBFS, rice husk ash, metakaolin is known to enhance the strength and durability of concrete in construction. In this paper an accelerated carbonation test has been done to assess concrete carbonation on specimens made with cement and with the partial replacement of cement by fly ash GGBFS, rice husk ash, metakaolin. An accelerated carbonation chamber has been constructed for creating an environment of carbonation process to occur and also the passage of carbon dioxide gas is kept constant for all the cubes, cylinders and beams. Concrete cubes, cylinders and beams are prepared for M30 grade subjected to different percentages of carbonation.

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