scholarly journals Experimental Studies on the Flameproofing Efficiency of Some Inorganic Substances upon the Inflammation of Wood and Fibrous Materials

Helix ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Olga A. Ivchenko ◽  
Kirill E. Pankin ◽  
Elena V. Kusmartseva ◽  
Sergey A. Anisimov ◽  
Aleksandr V. Tutin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Inorganic Substances

The Estimation of Small Percentages of Rubber in Fibrous Materials

1942 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-677
Author(s):  
C. M. Blow
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Rubber is being used in increasing quantity in fibrous materials of all types as a binder or to impart particular and special properties. The percentage of rubber employed varies from 3 to 15 or 20 per cent, and it is becoming of interest and importance to, have analytical methods to estimate with some degree of accuracy the percentage present. This estimation has several difficulties, and no one method can be adopted on account of the difference in behavior of various fibres. The fibre may consist of protein, such as silk, wool and other animal fibre, leather, or cellulose, such as jute, cotton, rayon, paper, kapok, etc. The rubber may be vulcanized or unvulcanized, and partly or completely in the oxidized state. In addition, there may be organic material, such as protein, soap (added as stabilizer for the latex), fats, oils, waxes, dyestuffs and inorganic substances from the fibre, fillers and pigments, coagulants, and so forth—to name only a few possible compositions. The problem appears complex, but may be simplified in some cases by knowing, from the process of manufacture, the definite absence or presence of certain of these likely ingredients.

scholarly journals Experimental dehydration of wet fibrous materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04060
Author(s):  
Gayrat Bahadirov ◽  
Takhirjon Sultanov ◽  
Gerosim Tsoy ◽  
Ayder Nabiev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Movement Path ◽  
Pressing Force ◽  
Excess Moisture ◽  
Feeding Speed

The article presents the results of experimental studies to substantiate the performance of the method of simultaneous extracting excess moisture from wet leather semi-finished products. In the experiment, the influence of the feeding speed, the pressing force of the squeezing rollers on the amount of moisture removed from two layers of the leather semi-finished product after their squeezing was determined. The experiment was conducted using a moisture-removing material - a BM brand monchon, laid on a guide bar, on which two layers of the wet leather semi-finished product were previously folded. A monchon of the LASCH brand is folded between the layers of a semi-finished leather product. Due to the flexibility of the monchon, the displacement of semi-finished leather products movement path along the conveying device is reduced.

scholarly journals Economic Implications of Anthropogenic Water Pollution ( by Using Pechenizky Reservoir as an Example)

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Toxicological Assessment ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Test Organisms

Purpose. The purpose is to study and analyse up-to-date publications related to the study of pollution of water bodies by organic and inorganic substances, which deals with the correlation of fish productivity reduction due to the fodder organisms death. Based on the experimental studies results on the anthropogenic pollution impact on the livelihoods of fodder organisms, we have calculated the losses caused by water body pollution by using the indicator of bioproductivity decrease (using the Pechenizky reservoir as an example). Methods. To obtain data for calculating the damage caused to the Pechenizky reservoir by using the commercial fish catches indicator that use zooplankton and zoobenthos as natural feeds, we have performed toxicological study of water samples that were selected on four different hydrographic and morphological features of the Pechenizky reservoir. Biotesting of water samples was carried out by using zooplankton (Daphnia Magna Straus) and zoobenthos - insect larvae (Chironomus dorsalis Meig.) as a test-organisms for fodder organisms for fish. Results. The potential causes and consequences of the reduction of the natural forage base for the ichthyofauna are identified by ecological and toxicological assessment of the level of danger of the habitat of the main species of fodder organisms - zooplankton and zoobenthos representatives. The damages caused to Pechenizky reservoir by the indicator of reduction of catches of three species of fish (carp, bream, crucian carp) as a result of the fodder organisms death and the size of the damage to the Pechenizky reservoir by the indicator of reduction of catches of commodity fish (in value form) were calculated. Conclusions. It is shown that as a result of pollution of the reservoir, heavy metals accumulation in fodder organisms is observed and there is a chronic cumulative toxicosis, which leads to their death. In this connection, one of the main factors of reducing the catch of such species of fish as crucian carp, carp, bream and others, is the reduction of fodder organisms biomass, in particular, zooplankton and zoobenthos representatives.

scholarly journals The effect made by the interaction between rock and fibrous polymeric materials on the geotechnological processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Viktor Gerasimov ◽  
◽  
Evgenii Nizhegorodtsev ◽  
Evgenii Voronov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Material ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Local Deformation ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Opencast Mining ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Fibrous Media ◽  
Contact Points

Introduction. When mining by opencast, mining enterprises use dams and dikes to create circulating water settling basins. The settling basins are equipped with layer drainages carrying groundwater off and ensuring stability of structures. Fibrous polymeric materials (geotextiles) can be used as drainages serving as protective and drainage layers in the bases of heaps in the process of metals leaching from rocks. Research methodology. Geotextile drainages are calculated taking into account the uniform pressure from the overlying rock mass. Local deformation of fibrous materials caused by the force action of coarse rocks is not taken into account. Experimental studies of rock pressure on fibrous polymer materials have been carried out. The force measurement system creates the required force, the depth of the cone penetration into the fibrous material is measured using a dial indicator. The materials with a bulk density of 70, 110, 130 kg/m3 were used. Results. Analysis and discussion. The above theoretical studies allow to consider the probable cases of macrocontacts between rock and fibrous media and determine the ratio of local deformation in order to clarify fibrous media sizes and characteristics in future function as drainage and protective materials. Conclusions. Local deformations of fibrous media at the contact points may amount to 30–40% locally reducing the drainage capacity of fibrous material. Therefore, when designing structures made of rock, such as dikes, dams, leaching heaps, it is required to increase the design height of fibrous drainage by 10–30% taking into account macrocontacts with rocks.

scholarly journals Study of the Implementation of Fibrous Materials and Earth in Hollow Body Slab in Reinforced Concrete: Case of Laterite, Borassus Aethiopum and Calamus Deerratus Woods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yemalin Daniel Agossou ◽  
Thomas Dèkandji Ekpo ◽  
Rémi Boissiere ◽  
Edmond Codjo Adjovi ◽  
Edem Chabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Push Out ◽  
Borassus Aethiopum

Abstract This work enrolls in the context of eco materials. It concerns the field of transformation of local shrub forest resources and lateritic earth with low market values into building materials and is developing a process for the valorization of lateritic nodules, Borassus aethiopum (palmyra) and Calamus deerratus (rattan) in the engineering of modern reinforced concrete structures. The objective of this process is to promote the rational use of these local materials in the realization of the floors of social housing. Experimental studies of physical and mechanical characterizations of the lateritic concrete formulated, of the palmyra and rattan woods were carried out. Through tests of tearing and sliding of the interface between normal concrete and laterite concrete (push-out tests), it has been highlighted the adhesion of palmyra wood to concrete and the contribution of rattan lianas to oppose the longitudinal sliding of the interface between two concretes of different nature. The case study of a hollow body slab in mixed concrete (normal and laterite concrete) reinforced with palmyra and rattan woods, showed the structural effectiveness of lateritic earth, of palmyra and rattan woods in the realization of social housing modern slads with a range of up to 5 meters.

Experimental Studies of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Prisms Exposed to High Temperatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 864 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Svitlana Berestianskaya ◽  
Evgeniy Galagurya ◽  
Olena Opanasenko ◽  
Anastasiia Berestianskaya ◽  
Ihor Bychenok
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Reinforcement Fiber

Fiber-reinforced concretes are varieties of composite materials. Such materials are commonly used nowadays. Concrete is fiber-reinforced using various fibrous materials, or fibers, which are evenly distributed over the volume of the concrete matrix and simultaneously provide its 3D reinforcement. Fiber-reinforced concrete has better stress-related strength characteristics than ordinary concrete. Since building structures must meet both the strength, rigidity and stability requirements, and the fire safety requirements, then for the extensive use of fiber-reinforced concrete structures, not only the external load design, but also temperature effect design should be conducted in the design phase. The strength and strain characteristics of fiber concrete exposed to high temperatures must be known for this purpose. In view of this, three series of prisms were manufactured and tested: the first series contained no fiber at all (control prisms), the second series contained basalt fiber, and the third series contained steel fiber. The test results showed that adding fibers improves the mechanical characteristics of fiber-reinforced concrete samples under specified conditions.

Current State and Future Prospects for Improvement of Mineral Melt Production Technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
V.I. Matyukhin ◽  
V.A. Dudko ◽  
N.V. Grebneva
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Cupola Furnace ◽  
Dynamic Operation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Gas Dynamic

The article outlines the production of fibrous materials, discloses energy production targets for mineral wool items production, scrutinizes specific features of cupola process. Besides, the article presents the experimental research of mineral wool cupola process. Thus, the article describes the design of a cupola furnace, principles of its operation, and its main performance indicators. A summary of analytical and theoretical research of non-isothermal gas flow motion in shaft furnaces is presented herein. The results of the experimental studies of the patterns of change in gas-dynamic operation of the cupola furnace are also shown in the article. To assess the development of solid fuel combustion in the furnace, the laws that govern the changes in gas composition at the level of stockline have been studied. The results are shown in the Table. The analysis of the current state of thermal and gas-dynamic operation of the mineral wool cupola furnace yielded recommendations for optimization and performance enhancement of the operating cupola furnace.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF MILLING FIBROUS SEMI-FINISHED HIGH CONCENTRATION PROCESSES (REVIEW)

2020 ◽  
pp. 315-329
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Vasil'yevich Ushakov ◽  
Yuriy Davydovich Alashkevich ◽  
Viktor Anatol'yevich Kozhukhov ◽  
Valeriy Ivanovich Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Current State ◽  
Fiber Wall

There is presented a review of scientific literature characterizing the main directions of modern research of the process of grinding of fibrous semi-finished products of high consistence. Theoretical approaches are described in the study of qualitative parameters of pulp during its processing in knife grinding machines. Researchers note an increase in the paper-forming properties of the pulp and the physical and mechanical characteristics of the finished product. This paper provides an overview of experimental studies of the high consistence pulp milling process. The effect of high consistence mass grinding intensity on the quality of the finished product is considered, the nature of fiber development when grinding high and low consistence mass is compared. Experimental studies show that an increase in the intensity of exposure when grinding a high consistence mass leads to a decrease in the tensile energy absorption index, and a decrease in the deformation of the paper sheet is also observed with an increase in the grinding intensity. With an increase in the pulp c consistence, a change in the degree of delamination, internal and external fibrillation of the fiber wall is observed. The high-consistence pulp milling process is accompanied by higher specific energy consumption compared to low- consistence pulp milling, but observations at the fiber wall level show a more developed external specific surface area. This review of the scientific literature will serve as a basis for further research on the grinding of high consistence fibrous materials.

scholarly journals Cellulose-Based Fibrous Materials From Bacteria to Repair Tympanic Membrane Perforations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Azimi ◽  
Mario Milazzo ◽  
Serena Danti
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations

Perforation is the most common illness of the tympanic membrane (TM), which is commonly treated with surgical procedures. The success rate of the treatment could be improved by novel bioengineering approaches. In fact, a successful restoration of a damaged TM needs a supporting biomaterial or scaffold able to meet mechano-acoustic properties similar to those of the native TM, along with optimal biocompatibility. Traditionally, a large number of biological-based materials, including paper, silk, Gelfoam®, hyaluronic acid, collagen, and chitosan, have been used for TM repair. A novel biopolymer with promising features for tissue engineering applications is cellulose. It is a highly biocompatible, mechanically and chemically strong polysaccharide, abundant in the environment, with the ability to promote cellular growth and differentiation. Bacterial cellulose (BC), in particular, is produced by microorganisms as a nanofibrous three-dimensional structure of highly pure cellulose, which has thus become a popular graft material for wound healing due to a number of remarkable properties, such as water retention, elasticity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and transparency. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current experimental studies of BC, focusing on the application of BC patches in the treatment of TM perforations. In addition, computational approaches to model cellulose and TM are summarized, with the aim to synergize the available tools toward the best design and exploitation of BC patches and scaffolds for TM repair and regeneration.

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