scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION PATH LOSS IN RURAL COMMUNITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER OKANDEJI1 ◽  
FRANK ONAIFO ◽  
MATHEW OLAJIDE ◽  
AYODEJI OKUBANJO ◽  
HEZEKIAH FASANYA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Mobile Telecommunication ◽  
Network Cell ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Communication Devices

: In this work, a cheaper alternative method of determining path loss using Network cell info lite software is proposed. Hata-Okumura model is used in the determination of path loss and signal strength of mobile communication devices within Ibogun and Ifo, a suburban community in Ogun state, Nigeria. Additionally, this paper is also aimed at determining the path loss under transmission line to ensure proper network planning in areas covered by transmission lines. Result obtained shows that areas with pylons have greater path loss compared to areas with no pylons. It is recommended that the power levels of base station operating in this area should be increased.

scholarly journals Distributed Algorithm for Base Station Assignment in 4G/5G Machine-Type Communication Scenarios with Backhaul Limited Conditions

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6553
Author(s):  
Edgar A. Esquivel-Mendiola ◽  
Hiram Galeana-Zapién ◽  
David H. Covarrubias ◽  
Edwin Aldana-Bobadilla
Keyword(s):  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Base Station ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Dual Decomposition ◽  
Minimum Path ◽  
Machine Type ◽  
Assignment Algorithm ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Machine Type Communication

A progressive paradigm shift from centralized to distributed network architectures has been consolidated since the 4G communication standard, calling for novel decision-making mechanisms with distributed control to operate at the network edge. This situation implies that each base station (BS) must manage resources independently to meet the quality of service (QoS) of existing human-type communication devices (HTC), as well as the emerging machine type communication (MTC) devices from the internet of things (IoT). In this paper, we address the BS assignment problem, whose aim is to determine the most appropriate serving BS to each mobile device. This problem is formulated as an optimization problem for maximizing the system throughput and imposing constraints on the air interface and backhaul resources. The assignment problem is challenging to solve, so we present a simple yet valid reformulation of the original problem while using dual decomposition theory. Subsequently, we propose a distributed price-based BS assignment algorithm that performs at each BS the assignment process, where a novel pricing update scheme is presented. The simulation results show that our proposed solution outperforms traditional maximum signal to interference plus noise ratio (Max-SINR) and minimum path-loss (Min-PL) approaches in terms of system throughput.

scholarly journals Determination of an Outdoor Path Loss Model and Signal Penetration Level in Some Selected Modern Residential and Office Apartments in Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
V. O. A. Akpaida ◽  
F. I. Anyasi ◽  
S. I. Uzairue ◽  
A. I. Idim
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Loss Model ◽  
Path Loss Model ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Received Power

This article involves the site specific determination of an outdoor path loss model and Signal penetration level in some selected modern residential and office apartments in Ogbomosho, Oyo State. Measurements of signal strength and its associated location parameters referenced globally were carried out. Propagation path loss characteristics of Ogbomosho were investigated using three different locations with distinctively different yet modern building materials. Consequently, received signal strength (RSS) was measured at a distance d in meters, from appropriate base stations for various environments investigated. The data were analyzed to determine the propagation path loss exponent, signal penetration level and path loss characteristics. From calculations, the average building penetration losses were, 5.93dBm, 6.40dBm and 6.1dBm outside the hollow blocks B1, solid blocks B2 and hollow blocks mixed with pre cast asbestos B3, buildings respectively with a corresponding path loss exponent values of, 3.77, 3.80 and 3.63. Models were developed and validated, and used to predict the received power inside specific buildings. Moreover, the propagation models developed for the different building types can be used to predict the respective signal level within the building types, once the transmitter – receiver distance is known. The readings obtained from the developed models were compared with both the measured values and values computed using some existing models with satisfactory results obtained.

scholarly journals Determination of Base Station Emission Power Change in a Mobile Network Cell with Movable Users

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1174-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lebl ◽  
D. Mitic ◽  
B. Trenkic ◽  
Z. Markov
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Emission Power ◽  
Network Cell ◽  
Power Change

scholarly journals Mobile 4G LTE Networks Mobility and Coverage for Some Locations in Ibadan Using Path Loss Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
O.E. Ogunsola ◽  
◽  
O. Adeleke ◽  
O.I. Olaluwoye
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Reference Distance

The recent migration of most GSM service providers’ networks in Ibadan from 3G to 4G, in preparation for the deployment of 5G technology in the nation necessitated the need to re-examine the GSM networks’ mobility and coverage within the micro cells in-between a Base Station and a Mobile Station. This attempt is aimed at using existing Path Loss Propagation Models in proffering solutions to the negative consequences usually associated with call drops in the Urban and Suburban Areas of Ibadan due to inability of channels to handover as a result of path loss. The path loss (dB) analysis was carried out by measuring the Received Signal Strength RSS (dBm) at distances ranging from 0.05 km to 4 km in-between Base Stations and Mobile Stations using the factory fitted installed RSS software on Android phones. These measurements were taken for three weeks within the urban and suburban areas of the University of Ibadan campus, and its neighborhood community of Agbowo for ten selected existing Base Stations from four of the nationwide GSM Service Providers (SP1, SP2, SP3 and SP4) in Nigeria. The variation of path loss with the RSS for GSM Service Provider (SP1) propagating at 955MHz (reference distance of 0.05km), 1850MHz and 2120MHz, were 66.03 dB, 71.77 dB and 72.96 dB, respectively. However, at 4 km the path loss had risen to 101.59dB for 955MHz, 103.81dB for 1850MHz and 105dB for 2120MHz. Also, the path loss for the GSM service provider (SP2) propagating at 960MHz (reference distance of 0.05km), 1865MHz and 2150MHz were 66.07 dB, 71.84 dB and 73.08 dB, respectively. Moreover, in a similar manner to the SP1 service provider, at 4 km the path loss had risen to 104.14dB for 960MHz, 109.9dB for 1865MHz and 111.14dB for 2150MHz. Furthermore, the path loss for the GSM service provider (SP3) propagating at 950MHz (reference distance of 0.05km), 1835MHz and 2130MHz were 65.98 dB, 71.70 dB and 73.00 dB, respectively. Likewise, as was in the case of the SP1 and SP2 Service providers, the path loss at 4 km had risen to 104.05dB for 950MHz, 109.76dB for 1835MHz and 111.06dB for 2130MHz. Also, the path loss for the GSM service provider (SP4) propagating at 940MHz (reference distance of 0.05km), 1880MHz and 2140MHz, were 65.47 dB, 71.46 dB and 72.23 dB, respectively. Moreover, the path loss at 4 km had risen to 103.53dB for 940MHz, 109.52dB for 1880MHz and 110.29dB for 2140 MHz as was the case with the other GSM Service providers (SP!, SP2 and SP3) considered .Thus, the path loss increases with distance within the microcells of base stations. However, the path loss model with minimum path loss (dB) at a given distance enhances good coverage and handover postponement. Moreover, the mean square error values used in obtaining the accuracy between the measured and the Empirical models were 17.15dB, 59.69dB, 48.46dB, 60.52dB and 40.07dB for the C-model, Cost-OH, Sub-O, Lee-model and experimental model, respectively. . Key words: GSM networks, Base station, Mobile station, Signal strength, GSM service provider

scholarly journals Performance analysis of handover parameter for natural disaster in LTE-A network

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Azita Laily Yusof ◽  
Ainnur Eiza Mohd Azhar ◽  
Norsuzila Ya’acob
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Rescue Operation ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Disaster Area ◽  
Optimal Value

<span>Natural disaster is an unpredictable event which can cause service communication disruption. The disruption of service communication can be divided into three cases which are power outage, broken backhaul and physical destruction by disaster. This paper focuses on power outage case. Although each base stations equipped with backup batteries, it only last for several hours. After natural disaster hit certain areas, traffic is highly congested due to panic and rescue operation of lifesaving. This scenario will drain the backup batteries quickly. In order to limit the UEs’ connection to the affected base station, this research proposed to adjust Received Signal Strength (RSS) based on parameter called as a distance fraction coefficient, α so that the affected coverage area is reduced when in disaster area situation. The parameter is added in the path loss equation and later in the RSS equation. The numerical results show the RSS improved whereby α=0.2 gives the optimal value and therefore limit the incoming traffic to the affected base station. </span>

scholarly journals Investigation of Diurnal Variation of Signal Strength Generated by FM Transmitter

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Prince Chigozie Iwuji ◽  
Victor Chukwuagozie Onuabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Base Station ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Strength Measurement ◽  
Imo State ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Constant Distance

This paper focuses on the determination of the diurnal variation of signal strength generated by Orient 94.4 FM transmitter along six (6) selected route in Imo State, Nigeria. This was carried out with the aid of a constructed signal strength meter (SSM). Signal strength measurements were collected at different time, on different days, and in different months. The measurement was carried out at a constant distance of 20 Km. Arrangement was made with the management of the base station to ensure that the transmitting parameters were kept constant throughout the period of signal strength measurement. The average results of these measurements were taken. The data obtained from the measurements was plotted in a graph to establish the diurnal variation in signal strength along the different routes of signal strength measurement. It was observed from this research that transmission and reception of signals are dependent on the time of the day. High signal strength was noted between the hours of 8 am and 11 am, while low signal strength was recorded between the hours of 1 pm and 5 pm. Better signal strengths were recorded at night. The result of this study shows that signal strength generated by FM transmitter vary with time of the day and the prevalent weather conditions. Stronger signals are recorded mostly at night along the different routes of the study. The signal strength consequently drops in the afternoon and recovers in the morning hours.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Influencing Communication and energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 442-448
Author(s):  
Zlatan Ganev
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Main Factors

The analysis and experiments presented in this paper are connected with propagation of signals between sensor nodes located in open area. The main purpose is to show some factors that affect the accuracy and reliability of the received signal strength (RSS) measurement as well as the determination of The Path Losses (PL), The Path Loss constant (n) and The Standard deviation (σ). The main factors considered here are: position and antenna orientation of sensor nodes and the distance between them.

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