scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CARBON FOOTPRINTS OF A TYPICAL NIGERIAN TOWNSHIP POST OFFICE: A CASE STUDY OF KAFANCHAN DISTRICT POST OFFICE, KAFANCHAN, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
RICHARD BALTHI MSHELIA ◽  
FUNSHO BABARINDE
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Carbon Footprinting ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent

This research work focuses on carbon footprinting the operations of a township post office in a developing country. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the Universal Postal Union’s guidelines for carbon accounting. The results showed that for the inventory year, the office’s carbon footprint was 13.3423 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e). It was found that for each gram of parcel delivered, 0.0171 kgCO2e was emitted into the atmosphere. Results further showed that 82 % of emission is attributed to delivery of mails while 18 % is as a result of sorting and other minor activities within the facility.

scholarly journals Mitigating Aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions During the Aircraft Turnaround Process from the Use of Solar Power at the Airport Gate: The Case of Moi International Airport, Kenya

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 014-022
Author(s):  
Glenn Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Turnaround Process

One of the most pervasive trends in the global airport industry in recent times has been the adoption of green renewable technologies. Many airports around the world have now installed photovoltaic (PV) solar systems as a key environmental measure. One of the critical areas of energy management at an airport is the provision of power and cooling at the gate, which is used during the aircraft turnaround process. Historically, the aircraft auxiliary power unit (APU) was the primary power source during the aircraft turnaround process. In recent times, airports have transitioned to the use of fixed electrical ground power (FEGP) and preconditioned air to mitigate the emissions from use of aircraft auxiliary power unit (APUs). Based on an instrumental case study research approach, this study has examined how Moi International Airport in Kenya has mitigated the airport’s carbon footprint by using a green, renewable energy system. The study’s qualitative data was examined by document analysis. The case study revealed that Moi International Airport has installed a photovoltaic (PV) solar system with a 500kW capacity that is used to primarily provide solar power at the airport’s apron area. The photovoltaic (PV) solar system has delivered Moi International Airport with an important environmental related benefit as it has enabled the airport to reduce it carbon footprint, as the photovoltaic (PV) solar system has reduced the airport’s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by an estimated 1,300 tonnes per annum.

scholarly journals A Review of the Measurement Method, Analysis and Implementation Policy of Carbon Dioxide Emission from Transportation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5873
Author(s):  
Nur Fatma Fadilah Yaacob ◽  
Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat Yazid ◽  
Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud ◽  
Noor Ezlin Ahmad Basri
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Implementation Policy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents a review of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from transportation in an attempt to establish a quick and suboptimal update of the methods used to calculate and analyze CO2 emissions from transportation. Transportation is the largest contributor to air pollution through the release of high amounts of CO2 gas into the atmosphere. The methods for calculating and analyzing the carbon footprint of transportation; which is of critical importance in the management of greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming; are still being developed. However; there are some differences in the definitions and methods used to calculate the carbon footprint of transportation in previous studies. This review focuses on the similarities of the methods used to measure CO2 emissions as well as the analyses used to evaluate the emissions. This paper will also highlight the advantages and limitations of each research work. By doing this; the present study contributes to the selection of appropriate methods for calculating CO2 emissions from transportation and draws attention to environmental issues. It is hoped that the implementation of the most appropriate framework will help to reduce CO2 emissions from transportation

scholarly journals Standardized Recipes and Their Influence on the Environmental Impact Assessment of Mixed Dishes: A Case Study on Pizza

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9466
Author(s):  
Katerina S. Stylianou ◽  
Emily McDonald ◽  
Victor L. Fulgoni III ◽  
Olivier Jolliet
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Decomposition Methods ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Improvement Potential ◽  
The U.S

Food and diet life cycle assessment (LCA) studies offer insights on the environmental performance and improvement potential of food systems and dietary patterns. However, the influence of ingredient resolution in food-LCAs is often overlooked. To address this, four distinct decomposition methods were used to determine ingredients for mixed dishes and characterize their environmental impacts, using the carbon footprint of the U.S. daily pizza intake as a case study. Pizza-specific and daily pizza intake carbon footprints varied substantially between decomposition methods. The carbon footprint for vegetarian pizza was 0.18–0.45 kg CO2eq/serving, for meat pizza was 0.56–0.73 kg CO2eq/serving, and for currently consumed pizzas in the U.S. (26.3 g/person/day; 75 pizzas types) was 0.072–0.098 kg CO2eq/person/day. These ranges could be explained by differences in pizza coverage, ingredient resolution, availability of ingredient environmental information, and ingredient adjustability for losses between decomposition methods. From the approaches considered, the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, which reports standardized food recipes in relative weights, appears to offer the most appropriate and useful food decompositions for food-LCAs. The influence and limitations of sources of reference flows should be better evaluated and acknowledged in food and diet LCAs.

Analysis and Calculation of Tourist Carbon Footprints — A Case Study of Hebei Yesanpo Scenic Area

2014 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450009
Author(s):  
Ruiying ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Tourist Attractions

The National Tourism Conference in 2010 strongly promoted the concept of energy conservation and emission reduction in the tourism industry. Since then, low carbon travel has been the new direction in tourism industry. Great concern has been put on energy conservation and emission reduction of tourism related elements, such as hotels, transportations, tourist attractions, and most importantly, the tourists themselves. The quantitative assessment of tourist carbon footprint is the key topic. This research uses Yesanpo scenic area as the example and conducts the comparison and calculation of tourist carbon footprint from different places, attempts to organize different ideas on ways to analyze tourist carbon footprints, constructs a calculation and assessment model, analyzes and measures the levels of tourist carbon footprints from diverse modes of travel, origins, and purchasing power. This research has developed a system for quantitative assessment of tourist carbon footprints, with the hope of strengthening the theories and methods on low-carbon travel.

scholarly journals Carbon Footprint of ADU Students: Reasons and Solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Nida Qafisheh ◽  
Makhtar Sarr ◽  
Umm Amara Hussain ◽  
Shikha Awadh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
The Public

The objective of the study was to calculate the carbon footprint of ADU students, studying environmental sciences and environmental health & safety and compared it with the average carbon footprint of UAE. Students’ activity, which contributed to the highest emissions of carbon dioxide per year, has been determined. The carbon footprints were calculated using the online carbon footprint calculator, which estimated the CO2 emissions of each student. The method resulted from different activities like consumption of gas and electricity, transportation, flights, food as well as other different activities are associated with individual’s life style. The average carbon footprint of Environmental ADU students after decreasing their emissions was 12.22 tons CO2/year, which was 68%, less than the average carbon footprint of UAE (37.8 tons/year). The public transportation, driving friendly cars, eating locally and living in a simply sustainable life style are great solutions to reduce an individual carbon footprint. 

scholarly journals Harmonizing Corporate Carbon Footprints

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Klaaßen ◽  
Christian Stoll
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Societal Pressure ◽  
Net Zero

Abstract Global greenhouse gas emissions need to reach net-zero around mid-century to limit global warming to 1.5°C. This decarbonization challenge has, inter alia, increased the political and societal pressure on companies to disclose their carbon footprints. As a response, numerous companies announced roadmaps to become carbon neutral or even negative. The first step on the journey towards carbon neutrality, however, is to quantify corporate emissions accurately. Current carbon accounting and reporting practices remain unsystematic and incomparable, particularly for emissions along the value chain (scope 3). Here we present a framework to harmonize scope 3 emissions by accounting for reporting inconsistency, boundary incompleteness, and activity exclusion. In a case study of the tech sector, we find that corporate reports omit half of the total emissions. The framework we present may help companies, investors, and policy makers to identify and close the gaps in corporate carbon footprints.

scholarly journals Carbon Footprint of General, Regional, and Combined Anesthesia for Total Knee Replacements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forbes McGain ◽  
Nicole Sheridan ◽  
Kasun Wickramarachchi ◽  
Simon Yates ◽  
Brandon Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Knee Replacements ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Combined Anesthesia ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent

Background Health care itself contributes to climate change. Anesthesia is a “carbon hotspot,” yet few data exist to compare anesthetic choices. The authors examined the carbon dioxide equivalent emissions associated with general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, and combined (general and spinal anesthesia) during a total knee replacement. Methods A prospective life cycle assessment of 10 patients in each of three groups undergoing knee replacements was conducted in Melbourne, Australia. The authors collected input data for anesthetic items, gases, and drugs, and electricity for patient warming and anesthetic machine. Sevoflurane or propofol was used for general anesthesia. Life cycle assessment software was used to convert inputs to their carbon footprint (in kilogram carbon dioxide equivalent emissions), with modeled international comparisons. Results Twenty-nine patients were studied. The carbon dioxide equivalent emissions for general anesthesia were an average 14.9 (95% CI, 9.7 to 22.5) kg carbon dioxide equivalent emissions; spinal anesthesia, 16.9 (95% CI, 13.2 to 20.5) kg carbon dioxide equivalent; and for combined anesthesia, 18.5 (95% CI, 12.5 to 27.3) kg carbon dioxide equivalent. Major sources of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions across all approaches were as follows: electricity for the patient air warmer (average at least 2.5 kg carbon dioxide equivalent [20% total]), single-use items, 3.6 (general anesthesia), 3.4 (spinal), and 4.3 (combined) kg carbon dioxide equivalent emissions, respectively (approximately 25% total). For the general anesthesia and combined groups, sevoflurane contributed an average 4.7 kg carbon dioxide equivalent (35% total) and 3.1 kg carbon dioxide equivalent (19%), respectively. For spinal and combined, washing and sterilizing reusable items contributed 4.5 kg carbon dioxide equivalent (29% total) and 4.1 kg carbon dioxide equivalent (24%) emissions, respectively. Oxygen use was important to the spinal anesthetic carbon footprint (2.8 kg carbon dioxide equivalent, 18%). Modeling showed that intercountry carbon dioxide equivalent emission variability was less than intragroup variability (minimum/maximum). Conclusions All anesthetic approaches had similar carbon footprints (desflurane and nitrous oxide were not used for general anesthesia). Rather than spinal being a default low carbon approach, several choices determine the final carbon footprint: using low-flow anesthesia/total intravenous anesthesia, reducing single-use plastics, reducing oxygen flows, and collaborating with engineers to augment energy efficiency/renewable electricity. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

scholarly journals Carbon Footprint of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis F. Jiménez ◽  
José A. Domínguez ◽  
Ricardo Enrique Vega-Azamar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Recycled Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Production Phase ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent

Carbon footprint is one of the most widely used tools for assessing the environmental impacts of the production and utilization of concrete as well as of the components derived from it, representing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases associated with this product, expressed as CO2 equivalents. In this paper, carbon footprint was used to compare the environmental performance in the production phase of a concrete made with both recycled and crushed virgin limestone aggregates, using a life cycle analysis methodological approach. Research outcomes revealed, as expected, that carbon dioxide equivalent emissions decreased slightly as the use of recycled aggregates increased. Emissions for concrete with 0.5 w/c were between 347 and 351 kg of CO2-e/m3. It was also corroborated that cement is the material with the greatest influence on greenhouse gas emission generation in the concrete’s production phase, regardless of the use of recycled or virgin aggregates.

Carbon footprinting of lamb and beef production systems: insights from an empirical analysis of farms in Wales, UK

2009 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. EDWARDS-JONES ◽  
K. PLASSMANN ◽  
I. M. HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
System Boundary ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Carbon Footprinting

SUMMARYCarbon footprinting is an increasingly important method of communicating the climate change impacts of food production to stakeholders. Few studies utilize empirical data collected from farms to calculate the carbon footprints of lamb and beef. Data from two farms in Wales, UK, were employed to undertake such an analysis for two system boundaries.Within a system boundary that considers the embodied greenhouse gases (GHGs) in inputs and on-farm emissions, producing 1 kg of lamb releases 1·3–4·4 kg CO2 eq/kg live weight (case study farm 1) and 1·5–4·7 kg CO2 eq/kg live weight (case study farm 2). The production of beef releases 1·5–5·3 and 1·4–4·4 kg CO2 eq/kg live weight.Within a wider system boundary that also includes GHG emissions from animals and farm soils, lamb released 8·1–31·7 and 20·3–143·5 kg CO2 eq/kg live weight on the two case study farms, and beef released 9·7–38·1 and 18·8–132·6 kg CO2 eq/kg live weight. The difference in emissions for this system boundary relates to nitrous oxides emitted from the organic soils on case study farm 2.These values overlap with nearly all other studies of GHG emissions from lamb and beef production. No direct comparisons between studies are possible due to substantial differences in the methodological approaches adopted.

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