scholarly journals CITIZENSHIP AND HUMAN RIGHTS OF LATIN AMERICAN MIGRANTS IN THE CONTEXT OF HEALTH CARE EMERGENCY FOR COVID 19 IN ARGENTINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Graciela De Ortúzar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
The Face

In the context of the emergency caused by COVID 19 in Argentina, Latin American migrants have, for the most part, been excluded from the State’s Emergency Family Income in the face of the closing of borders and Preventive and Compulsory Social Isolation. The objective of this paper was the critical analysis of the reasons that led to this difference in treatment in emergency policies in Argentina. First, (I) it was studied the use of the supposed restrictive criterion of modern citizenship in "universalist" social policies, and also the conception of equality underlies them. In the second place, (II) it was deepened how the recent changes in migration policies, from the DNU 70/2017, led to the precariousness and irregularity of the situation in which the migrants were previously in the emergency by COVID 19 was deepened. Applying a multidimensional methodology, conceptual-philosophical, normative and empirical elements were addressed. By way of general conclusion, the need was raised to rethink models of belonging not limited to nationality and egalitarian, recognizing the rights of every inhabitant and resident, and moving towards new inclusive and multicultural post-national conceptions that can reverse the historical violation of migrants' human rights.

scholarly journals PLURALISMO JURÍDICO COMO ALTERNATIVA EPISTEMOLÓGICA PARA A CULTURA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS DESDE O CONTEXTO LATINO-AMERICANO

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
André Luiz Pereira Spinieli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Current State ◽  
Constitutional Culture ◽  
The Face ◽  
America Latina

O debate sobre o pluralismo jurídico no contexto político e social latino-americano não é recente, de modo que suas percepções foram renovadas a partir do movimento neoconstitucionalista operado no continente, responsável por desencadear alternativas epistêmicas para se pensar a efetividade dos direitos humanos e dos direitos de cidadania, tudo a partir da lógica de emancipação social e descolonialidade, como possibilidade de rompimento com o constitucionalismo tradicional, de cunho conservador, hegemônico e colonialista. Em termos gerais, como uma das respostas à concepção juspositivista, o pluralismo jurídico surge como modelo de pensamento para a práxis dos direitos humanos, em face de uma sociedade na qual impera a lógica das exclusões concretas em contrariedade às inclusões abstratas. Dessa forma, tomando por base a abordagem bibliográfica, este trabalho propõe oferecer reflexões a respeito do atual estado da cultura de direitos humanos instalada na América Latina, com enfoque nas contribuições epistemológicas advindas da teoria críticados direitos humanos e do pluralismo jurídico wolkmeriano.Palavras-chave: Pluralismo jurídico. Direitos humanos. Cultura constitucional. América Latina. Teoria crítica dos direitos humanos.LEGAL PLURALISM AS AN EPISTEMOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR THE CULTURE OF HUMAN RIGHTS SINCE THE LATIN AMERICAN CONTEXTAbstractThe debate on legal pluralism in the Latin American political and social context is not recent, so that their perceptions were renewed from the neo-constitutionalist movement operated on the continent, responsible for triggering epistemic alternatives to think about the effectiveness of human rights and human rights of citizenship, all based on the logic of social emancipation and decoloniality, as a possibility of breaking with traditional constitutionalism, of a conservative, hegemonic and colonialist nature. In general terms, as one of the answers to the juspositivist conception, legal pluralism emerges as a model of thoughtfor the practice of human rights, in the face of a society in which the logic of concrete exclusions prevails in opposition to abstract inclusions. Thus, based on the bibliographic approach, this work proposes to offer reflections on the current state of human rights culture in Latin America, focusing on the epistemological contributions arising from the critical theory of human rights and legal Wolkmer’s pluralism.Keywords: Legal Pluralism. Human rights. Constitutional culture. Latin America. Critical theory of human rights.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID 19 on the Mexican economy 2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Yolanda Guadarrama-Alba ◽  
Anaí Dafne Guadarrama-Padilla ◽  
Leonardo Contreras-Rodríguez ◽  
Fernando Pérez-Vega
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Face

This work aims to address a critical analysis of the current situation of the Mexican economy in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the main economic effects that somehow fall on the population most vulnerable to poverty, observing a very discouraging scenario, which shows is its macroeconomic indicators a great contraction of the country's economy. The health emergency exerts a very accentuated pressure on the economy every day, directly affects family income, the unemployment rate grows when companies find it necessary not to hire staff, as they do not have the profits generated by their sales, and In this way, generating jobs that somehow provide for the satisfaction of the minimum needs of the family, in addition to this, schools also contribute when closing their doors in order to contain the pandemic, causes families to have the need for new purchases technology which implies for many large expenses thus minimizing your family income. In addition to the fact that the majority of service establishments, tourism, cultural, religious, social in general, maintain a healthy distance or stop providing services, which further deepens the collapse of the Mexican economy by 2020.

scholarly journals Changes in Economic Inequality in Europe and Latin America in the First Decades of the Twenty-First Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 265-292
Author(s):  
Agustín Salvia
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Twenty First Century

AbstractThis chapter contains a comparative analysis of the changes in the inequality of family income distribution in the last two decades in Latin America and Europe. The study examines the degree to which the economic-productive factors—associated with the primary income distribution—or, on the contrary, the social policies—linked to the secondary distribution—reveal structural differences in economic inequality between regions in the 2000–2017 period. Based on a wide sample of countries, the evolution of inequality is compared within and between regions. The dissimilarity of these behaviours is examined as well as how valid certain economic-institutional factors are to give an account of the changes that occurred within each region.The chapter shows that, in the last two decades of the twenty-first century, Western Europe and Latin America have reduced their economic inequality gap, although following different paths: while inequality decreased in the majority of Latin American countries, an inverse process, although moderate, has been taking place in the majority of Europe. While both trends had national exceptions, the evidence presented helps us to deduce that it was simultaneously due to productive changes and to changes in the growth style, and to transformations in the redistributive efficiency of expenditure on social policies.

scholarly journals OCCURRENCE OF HIV AND SYPHILIS IN THE PRENATAL CARE OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréia Alves Sena ◽  
Maria das Graças Alves dos Santos Bezerra ◽  
Lucilene Araújo Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Face ◽  
Latin American And Caribbean

Objective: To identify in the literature the factors related to the occurrence of HIV and syphilis cases in pregnant women in primary health care. Method: Integrative review, carried out in Latin American and Caribbean databases on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), CAPES portal and MEDLINE were selected to search for primary studies. Results: From a thorough reading of the selected studies in full, the ordering and investigation of the themes was carried out, with the purpose of describing and classifying the results, demonstrating the knowledge acquired with the presented theme. Thus, 11 researches in full, established sampling for denote results of the convenient guiding question. Conclusion: several factors favor the increase of cases of these infections in pregnant women, from the inefficiency of the programs of capture of this woman, lack of professional action in the face of this problem until the lack of resources to subsidize the work of the health team.

Les héritages chrétiens: quel avenir?

Moreana ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (Number 176) (1) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Bernard Bourdin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Politics And Religion

The legacy from Christianity unquestionably lies at the root of Europe, even if not exclusively. It has taken many aspects from the Middle Ages to modern times. If the Christian heritage is diversely understood and accepted within the European Union, the reason is essentially due to its political and religious significance. However, its impact in politics and religion has often been far from negative, if we will consider what secular societies have derived from Christianity: human rights, for example, and a religious affiliation which has been part and parcel of national identity. The Christian legacy has to be acknowledged through a critical analysis which does not deny the truth of the past but should support a European project built around common values.

Óscar Romero and the Politics of Sainthood

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-291
Author(s):  
Manuel A. Vasquez ◽  
Anna L. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil War ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Holy See ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Face ◽  
Crisis Of Modernity ◽  
The One

In this article, we explore the debates surrounding the proposed canonization of Archbishop Oscar Romero, an outspoken defender of human rights and the poor during the civil war in El Salvador, who was assassinated in March 1980 by paramilitary death squads while saying Mass. More specifically, we examine the tension between, on the one hand, local and popular understandings of Romero’s life and legacy and, on the other hand, transnational and institutional interpretations. We argue that the reluctance of the Vatican to advance Romero’s canonization process has to do with the need to domesticate and “privatize” his image. This depoliticization of Romero’s work and teachings is a part of a larger agenda of neo-Romanization, an attempt by the Holy See to redeploy a post-colonial and transnational Catholic regime in the face of the crisis of modernity and the advent of postmodern relativism. This redeployment is based on the control of local religious expressions, particularly those that advocate for a more participatory church, which have proliferated with contemporary globalization

Critical Analysis of Patient and Family Rights in JCI Accreditation and Cbahi Standards for Hospitals

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Zuber Mujeeb Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Joint Commission ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Accreditation Standards ◽  
Joint Commission International ◽  
Central Board

Patient and Family Rights (PFR) is a common chapter available in the Joint Commission International (JCI) Accreditation[i] (fifth edition) and Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions (CBAHI) Standards for hospitals (second edition)[ii]. JCI Accreditation is a USA based international healthcare accrediting organization, whereas CBAHI is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia based national health care accrediting organization. However, both these standards are accredited by Ireland based International Society for Quality in Health Care (ISQua), which is the only accrediting organization who “accredit the accreditors' in the world. In Patient and Family Rights (PFR) chapter of JCI Accreditation for hospitals, there are nineteen (19) standards and seventy-seven (77) measurable elements (ME) whereas in CBAHI Accreditation there are thirty one (31) standards, ninety nine (99) sub-standards and fifty (50) evidence(s) of compliance (EC). The scoring mechanism is totally different in both these accrediting organizations. The researcher has identified thirty two (32) common parameters from JCI Accreditation and CBAHI standards, intent statement, measurable elements, sub-standard and evidence of compliance. On the basis of these identified common parameters, the researcher has compared the Patient and Family Rights chapter in JCI Accreditation and CBAHI Standards. Methods: This is a comparison study (normative comparison) in which the researcher has critically analyzed and compared the Patient and Family Rights (PFR) standards of JCI (Joint Commission International) Accreditation of USA (United States of America) and CBAHI (Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data Collection: Primary data are collected from the JCI Accreditation Standards for hospitals, fifth edition, 2013 and CBAHI Standards for hospitals of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, second edition, 2011. Secondary data are collected from relevant published journals, articles, research papers, academic literature and web portals. Objectives of the Study: The aim of this study is to analyze critically Patient and Family Rights (PFR) Standards in JCI Accreditation and CBAHI Standards to point out the best in among both these standards. Conclusion: This critical analysis of Patient and Family Rights (PFR) Standards in JCI Accreditation and CBAHI Standards for hospitals clearly show that the PFR Standards in CBAHI Standards are very comprehensive than the JCI Accreditation standards.

Mortality Amenable to Health Care in Latin American Cities: Examining Between-Country Variation in Amenable Mortality and the Potential Role of Urban Metrics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pricila Mullachery ◽  
Daniel A. Rodriguez ◽  
J. Jaime Miranda ◽  
Nancy Lopez-Olmedo ◽  
Kevin Martinez-Folgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Amenable Mortality ◽  
Urban Metrics ◽  
American Cities

Conflict of Laws and the Return of Indigenous Peoples’ Cultural Property: A Latin American Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-456
Author(s):  
María Julia Ochoa Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Latin American ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Property A ◽  
American Perspective ◽  
International Instruments ◽  
Conflict Of Law

Abstract:In Latin America, conflict-of-law norms have not appropriately considered the cultural diversity that exists in their legal systems. However, developments towards the recognition of Indigenous peoples’ human rights, at the international and national levels, impose the task of considering such diversity. In that regard, within the conflict-of-law realm, interpersonal law offers a useful perspective. This article proposes a conflict-of-law rule that can contribute to clarity and legal certainty, offering a sound way of dealing at the national level with Indigenous peoples’ claims for restitution of property with a cultural value for them, which is framed in international instruments on human rights.

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