One Phase Well (OPW): Unlock Shallow Reservoir Efficiently and Economically ay Eliminating Surface Casing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Oil Well ◽  
Shallow Gas ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Drilling Operation ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Mature Field ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mahakam Delta ◽  
Drilling Time

Tunu is a mature giant gas and condensate field locates in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The area has been developed for almost 30 years and is currently considered a mature field, where putting a state of an economical oil well has become more challenging nowadays. The deeper zone of Tunu has no longer been considered profitable to be produced. The current focus is more on the widespread shallow gas pocket located in the much more external area of Tunu. One phase well is architecture without 9-5/8" surface casing. OPW is one-section drilling using a diverter mode from surface to TD without using BOP. Historical for OPW is began from 2018, where drilling reservoir section using diverter mode in two-phase. In 2018 also succeeded in performing perforated surface casing. Due to a successful drilling operation using diverter and perforated surface casing in 2019, drilling trials for OPW were carried out. The OPW architecture has become one of the standard architectures used in drilling operations as an optimization effort. Until December 2020, PHM* has completed 15+ OPW wells. A general comparison of OPW and SLA well is at the cost of constructing a well of approximately 200,000 - 300,000 US$. The disadvantages of OPW wells are more expensive in the mud and cement section when using a 9-1/2" hole. But, OPW drilling time is more efficient in terms of the duration, up to 2-3 days. Based on the integrity of the OPW wells, from 15 OPW wells that have been completed, only 2 have SCP.

One Phase Well OPW : Unlock Shallow Reservoir Efficient and Economically by Eliminating Surface Casing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Hanif ◽  
Bramarandhito Sayogyo ◽  
R Riko ◽  
Praja Hadistira ◽  
Karina Sari
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Gas ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mature Field ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mahakam Delta ◽  
Common Architecture ◽  
Drilling Time

Abstract Tunu is a mature giant gas and condensate field locate in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The field has been in development for almost 30 years and currently has been considered as a mature field where to put a state of an economic well has become more challenging nowadays. The deeper zone of Tunu has no longer been considered as profitable to be produced and the current focus is more on the widespread shallow gas pocket located in the much shallower zone of Tunu. One phase well is architecture without 9-5/8" surface casing. OPW is one-section drilling using a diverter mode from surface to TD without using BOP. Historical for OPW is began from 2018, where drilling reservoir section using diverter mode in two-phase. In 2018 also succeeded in performing perforated surface casing. Due successfully in drilling operation using diverter and perforated surface casing, in 2019 drilling trials for OPW were carried out. Until now, the OPW architecture has become one of the common architecture used in drilling operations as an optimization effort. Until December 2020 PHM has completed 15+ OPW wells. A general comparison of OPW and SLA well is at the cost of constructing a well of approximately 200,000 - 300,000 US$. The disadvantages of OPW wells are more expensive in the mud and cement section when using a 9-1/2" hole, but in terms of the duration, OPW drilling time is more efficient up to 2-3 days. If viewed from the integrity of the OPW wells, from 15 OPW wells that have been completed, only 2 of them have SCP.

First Application Drilling New Wells with HWU in Swamp Environment, Mahakam Delta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. S Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Rate ◽  
Shallow Gas ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Well Location ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Drilling Unit ◽  
Mature Field ◽  
Mahakam Delta

Tunu is a mature giant gas and condensate field locate in Swamp Area on Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The field has been in developed for more than 40 years and considered as a mature field. As mature field, finding an economic well has become more challenging nowadays. The deeper zone of Tunu (TMZ) has no longer been considered profitable to be produced and the focus is shifted more on the producing widespread shallow gas pocket located in the much shallower zone of Tunu (TSZ). Facing the challenge of marginal reserves in the mature field, Pertamina Hulu Mahakam (PHM) take two approaches of reducing well cost thus increase well economics, improving drilling efficiency and alternative drilling means. Continues improvement on drilling efficiency by batch drilling, maxi drill, maximizing offline activities and industrialization of one phase well architecture has significantly squeezed the well duration. The last achievement is completing shallow well in 2.125 days from average of 6.5 days in period of 2017-2019. Utilization of Swamp Barge Drilling Rig on swamp area had been started from the beginning of the field development in 1980. Having both lighter and smaller drilling unit as alternative drilling means will give opportunity of reducing daily drilling rate. Hydraulic Workover Unit (HWU) comes as the best alternative drilling means for swamp area. In addition, fewer and smaller footprint equipment requires smaller barges with purpose of less civil works to dredge the river and preparing well location. Drilling with HWU project has been implemented at Tunu area with 5 wells has been completed successfully and safely. HWU drilling concept considered as proven alternative drilling means for the future of shallow wells development.

scholarly journals INDIKASI GAS BIOGENIK DI PERAIRAN DELTA MAHAKAM, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Astawa ◽  
Deny Setiady ◽  
Priatin Hadi Wijaya ◽  
GM. Hermansyah ◽  
Mario Dwi Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
Shallow Gas ◽  
Biogenic Gas ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
High Sedimentation ◽  
Mahakam Delta ◽  
Very High

Gas biogenik dikenal sebagai gas rawa atau gas dangkal yang terbentuk dari bakteri metanogenik pada lingkungan anaerobik, khususnya pada daerah-daerah yang tingkat sedimentasinya sangat tinggi.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui secara lebih rinci akan keberadaan gas tersebut di Delta Mahakam. Sungai tersebut merupakan sungai terbesar dan terpanjang di wilayah Kalimantan Timur dan mempunyai tingkat sedimentasi sangat tinggi. Daerah tersebut sangat cocok untuk penelitian indikasi gas biogenik. Hasil penelitian ditandai dengan terdapatnya kantong gas pada rekaman strata box, yang berada pada kedalaman lebih dari 10 (sepuluh) meter. Berdasarkan analisis laboratorium terhadap sampel gas yang diambil di bekas lubang bor adalah gas metan.Kata kunci: rekaman strata box, gas metan, Delta MahakamBiogenic gas known as swamp gas or shallow gas formed by methanogenic bacteria in anaerobic environments, especially in areas that the sedimentation rate is very high. The objective of the research is to find out more detail the occurrence of gas in the Mahakam Delta. The river is the largest and longest river in the East Kalimantan, and it has a very high sedimentation rate.  This area is very good to study the indication of the biogenic gas. The result is signed by gas pocket in the strata box records, whereas at a depth of more than 10 (ten) meters. Based on the laboratory analysis of the samples taken from the former gas borehole is a methane gas.Keywords: strata box records, methane gas, Mahakam Delta.

Machine Learning Technology to Improve Precision and Accelerate Screening Shallow Gas Potentials in Tunu Shallow Gas Zone, PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Herbet
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Shallow Gas ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Shallow Zone ◽  
Learning Probability ◽  
Mahakam Delta

Tunu is a giant gas field located in the present-day Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Tunu gas produced from Tunu Main Zone (TMZ), between 2500-4500 m TVDSS and Tunu Shallow Zone (TSZ) located on depth 600 - 1500 m TVDSS. Gas reservoirs are scattered along the Tunu Field and corresponds with fluio-deltaic series. Main lithologies are shale, sand, and coal layers. Shallow gas trapping system is a combination of stratigraphic features, and geological structures. The TSZ development relies heavily on the use seismic to assess and identify gas sand reservoirs as drilling targets. The main challenge for conventional use of seismic is differentiating the gas sands from the coal layers. Gas sands are identified by an established seismic workflow that comprises of four different analysis on pre-stack and angle stacks, CDP gathers, amplitude versus angle(AVA), and inversion/litho-seismic cube. This workflow has a high success rate in identifying gas, but requires a lot of time to assess the prospect. The challenge is to assess more than 20,000 shallow objects in TSZ, it is important to have a faster and more efficient workflow to speed up the development phase. The aim of this study is to evaluate the robustness of machine learning to quantify seismic objects/geobodies to be gas reservoirs. We tested various machine learning methods to fit learn geological Tunu characteristic to the seismic data. The training result shows that a gas sand geobody can be predicted using combination of AVA gather, sub-stacks and seismic attributes with model precision of 80%. Two blind wells tests showed precision more than 95% while other final set tests are under evaluated. Detectability here is the ability of machine learning to predicted the actual gas reservoir as compared to the number of gas reservoirs found in that particular wells test. Outcome from this study is expected to accelerate gas assessment workflow in the near future using the machine learning probability cube, with more optimized and quantitative workflow by showing its predictive value in each anomaly.

Shallow Gas Identification using LWD Monopole Sonic: A-non Radioactive for Safe and Effective Logs Acquisition in Tunu Field, Mahakam Delta

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T. Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Neutron Density ◽  
Shallow Gas ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Gas Identification ◽  
Fluid Interpretation ◽  
Mahakam Delta

The Tunu field is a swamp giant gas field located in the Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan. Stratigraphically, this field has an anticline structure with three main intervals; Tunu Shallow Zone (TSZ), Fresh Water Zone (FWZ), and Tunu Main Zone (TMZ). Shallow gas reservoirs of TSZ have been produced since 2008, following the production of TMZ in the 1990s. Drilling targets in the shallow gas reservoir decreased significantly due to limited reservoir targets, high inclination wells and a low oil price environment. The utilization of radioactive source logging (density and neutron) on Logging While Drilling (LWD) tools is not recommended to be performed in open hole mode for operational and safety issues (e.g: tool stuck). Thus, LWD Monopole sonic is chosen as a replacement of LWD Neutron-Density logs and helps to differentiate between shallow gas potential and coal lithology which is the main challenge in TSZ at interval depth above 1200 mSS. The methodology utilized sonic semblance (STRA) and compressional slowness (DTc) data at real-time and memory data logs, so early decision can be made in drilling mode. In a gas-bearing reservoir, both semblance and slowness are missing, while in coal it produced strong semblance. In order to differentiate carbonate lithology, additional data, such as cutting, calcimetry, drilling Rate of Penetration and Gas While Drilling are utilized. During 2018-2020, 5 wells have been drilled using LWD Monopole sonic together with LWD GR-Resistivity-Neutron-Density (Triple Combo) to calibrate the fluid interpretation and 3 trial wells with only GR-Resistivity-Monopole Sonic. As a result, LWD Monopole sonic is able to differentiate between Gas and Coal based on semblance and slowness with a success ratio up to 80%. This LWD Monopole Sonic provides a non-radioactive solution for safe and effective logs acquisition for shallow gas identification that could be applied in oil and gas fields outside Mahakam.

Simulation of Two Phase Flow Dynamics in Flexible Riser Exit Geometries for Oil and Gas Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ikpe E. Aniekan ◽  
Owunna Ikechukwu ◽  
Satope Paul
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
The Third ◽  
Riser Pipe

Four different riser pipe exit configurations were modelled and the flow across them analysed using STAR CCM+ CFD codes. The analysis was limited to exit configurations because of the length to diameter ratio of riser pipes and the limitations of CFD codes available. Two phase flow analysis of the flow through each of the exit configurations was attempted. The various parameters required for detailed study of the flow were computed. The maximum velocity within the pipe in a two phase flow were determined to 3.42 m/s for an 8 (eight) inch riser pipe. After thorough analysis of the two phase flow regime in each of the individual exit configurations, the third and the fourth exit configurations were seen to have flow properties that ensures easy flow within the production system as well as ensure lower computational cost. Convergence (Iterations), total pressure, static pressure, velocity and pressure drop were used as criteria matrix for selecting ideal riser exit geometry, and the third exit geometry was adjudged the ideal exit geometry of all the geometries. The flow in the third riser exit configuration was modelled as a two phase flow. From the results of the two phase flow analysis, it was concluded that the third riser configuration be used in industrial applications to ensure free flow of crude oil and gas from the oil well during oil production.

scholarly journals A new method for correcting temperature log profiles in low-enthalpy plays

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Schumacher ◽  
Inga Moeck
Keyword(s):  
Input Parameter ◽  
New Method ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
The North ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Thermal Disturbance ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Well Data ◽  
Drilling Time

Abstract Temperature logs recorded shortly after drilling operations can be the only temperature information from deep wells. However, these measurements are still influenced by the thermal disturbance caused by drilling and therefore do not represent true rock temperatures. The magnitude of the thermal disturbance is dependent on many factors such as drilling time, logging procedure or mud temperature. However, often old well reports lack this crucial information so that conventional corrections on temperature logs cannot be performed. This impedes the re-evaluation of well data for new exploration purposes, e.g. for geothermal resources. This study presents a new method to correct log temperatures in low-enthalpy play types which only requires a knowledge of the final depth of the well as an input parameter. The method was developed and verified using existing well data from an intracratonic sedimentary basin, the eastern part of the North German Basin. It can be transferred to other basins with little or no adjustment.

Prediction of High Viscosity Liquid/Gas Two-Phase Slug Length in Horizontal and Slightly Inclined Pipelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Shaaban ◽  
Eissa Al-Safran
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Optimization ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Liquid Slug ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flow Closure

Abstract The production and transportation of high viscosity liquid/gas two-phase along petroleum production system is a challenging operation due to the lack of understanding the flow behavior and characteristics. In particular, accurate prediction of two-phase slug length in pipes is crucial to efficiently operate and safely design oil well and separation facilities. The objective of this study is to develop a mechanistic model to predict high viscosity liquid slug length in pipelines and to optimize the proper set of closure relationships required to ensure high accuracy prediction. A large high viscosity liquid slug length database is collected and presented in this study, against which the proposed model is validated and compared with other models. A mechanistic slug length model is derived based on the first principles of mass and momentum balances over a two-phase slug unit, which requires a set of closure relationships of other slug characteristics. To select the proper set of closure relationships, a numerical optimization is carried out using a large slug length dataset to minimize the prediction error. Thousands of combinations of various slug flow closure relationships were evaluated to identify the most appropriate relationships for the proposed slug length model under high viscosity slug length condition. Results show that the proposed slug length mechanistic model is applicable for a wide range of liquid viscosities and is sensitive to the selected closure relationships. Results revealed that the optimum closure relationships combination is Archibong-Eso et al. (2018) for slug frequency, Malnes (1983) for slug liquid holdup, Jeyachandra et al. (2012) for drift velocity, and Nicklin et al. (1962) for the distribution coefficient. Using the above set of closure relationships, model validation yields 37.8% absolute average percent error, outperforming all existing slug length models.

scholarly journals RESULTS OF THE NUTRITIONAL PRESERVATION RESEARCH OF THE ALFALFA LAYING ON STORAGE WITH TWO-PHASE COMPACTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 264-274
Author(s):  
D.O. Milko ◽  
O.H. Sclyar ◽  
R.V. Sclyar ◽  
G.P. Pedchenкo ◽  
D.P. Zhuravel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Modern Manufacturing ◽  
The Cost

In modern manufacturing of livestock production, the outstanding value is allocated for a food supply. The main criterion for evaluating the quality of feed components is the nutrient content of the feed ration. However, in the process of the storage, the maintenance of the nutritious substances decreases for various reasons that are leading to decreasing livestock efficiency and increasing the cost. The results of the use of a two-phase compaction of the forage vegetable components on the example of the alfalfa are given in the article. The dependence coefficient of the nutritional preservation on density of the alfalfa put on storage are also presented in this article. The applied method and the results obtained can be used in the development and design offices to create new equipment based on the two-phase compaction of the fodder vegetable component mixes by preparing them for storage. The application of this method brings to decreasing losses of nutrients in the storage process which reduces the components cost in total with increasing additional weights and the milk productivity.

scholarly journals A two-phase solution approach for a manufacturing-distribution problem with rework, outsourcing, and multi-shipment policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-509
Author(s):  
Chiu Peter ◽  
Peng-Cheng Sung ◽  
Victoria Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Algebraic Approach ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Batch Size ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Straightforward Solution ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Phase Solution

In a recent study, a manufacturing batch-size and end-product shipment problem with outsourcing, multi-shipment, and rework was investigated using mathematical modeling and derivatives in its solution procedure. This study demonstrates that a simplified two-phase algebraic approach can also solve the problem and decide the cost-minimization policies for batch-size and end-product shipments. Our proposed straightforward solution approach enables the practitioners in the production planning and controlling filed to comprehend and efficiently solve the best replenishing batch-size and shipment policies of this real problem.

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