scholarly journals SECURE ROUTING IN MANET USING HYBRID CRYPTOGRAPHY

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sivamurugan ◽  
L. Raja
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Public Key ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Malicious Node ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Plain Text ◽  
Cipher Text

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a group of mobile nodes that communicates with each other without any supporting infrastructure. These networks have some unique features such as dynamic mobility, open nature, lack of infrastructure, limited physical security and they are vulnerable to several security threats. Malicious node can drop all or partial received packets instead of forwarding them to the next hop through the path. In order to find the malicious nodes, an initial transmission is made between the source and destination nodes. Using fuzzy rules, the trust value of each node is computed and it varies from 0 to 1. A common threshold value is set for each node and by using this threshold value, every node in the network can be identified as either a malicious node or a regular node. After identifying the malicious nodes, these nodes are eliminated by muting the power to off state. As the malicious nodes are eliminated between source and destination nodes, source node can select another trusted path to its destination node. For security and authentication of routing information, hybrid cryptography is employed, using advanced encryption standard (AES) and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) algorithms. AES algorithm is used as symmetric algorithm to encrypt the routing information and ECC algorithm is used as asymmetric algorithm to encrypt the public key. During encryption, the original plain text is converted into cipher text with encrypted public key and similarly during decryption cipher text is converted into original plain text with decrypted private keys. So the proposed method involves both AES and ECC algorithms which provides security mechanism as efficient and sufficient one. The experimental simulations are carried for the proposed model using network simulator 2 (NS-2) for Throughput, Delay, Packet delivery ratio, Packet overhead and Packet drop.

scholarly journals An Energy-Efficient and Secure Routing Protocol for Intrusion Avoidance in IoT-Based WSN

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Haseeb ◽  
Ahmad Almogren ◽  
Naveed Islam ◽  
Ikram Ud Din ◽  
Zahoor Jan
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Secure Routing Protocol

Due to the advancement of information and communication technologies, the use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has increased exponentially. In the development of IoT, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) perform a vital part and comprises of low-cost smart devices for information gathering. However, such smart devices have constraints in terms of computation, processing, memory and energy resources. Along with such constraints, one of the fundamental challenges for WSN is to achieve reliability with the security of transmitted data in a vulnerable environment against malicious nodes. This paper aims to develop an energy-efficient and secure routing protocol (ESR) for intrusion avoidance in IoT based on WSN to increase the network period and data trustworthiness. Firstly, the proposed protocol creates different energy-efficient clusters based on the intrinsic qualities of nodes. Secondly, based on the (k,n) threshold-based Shamir secret sharing scheme, the reliability and security of the sensory information among the base station (BS) and cluster head are achieved. The proposed security scheme presents a light-weight solution to cope with intrusions generated by malicious nodes. The experimental results using the network simulator (NS-2) demonstrate that the proposed routing protocol achieved improvement in terms of network lifetime as 37%, average end-to-end delay as 24%, packet delivery ratio as 30%, average communication cost as 29%, network overhead as 28% and the frequency of route re-discoveries as 38% when compared with the existing work under dynamic network topologies.

Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Clustering Based Secure Routing with Congestion Avoidance in Mobile ADHOC Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Murugan ◽  
Jeyakarthic Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Congestion Avoidance ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Multi Objective

Introduction: In Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET), clustering, routing and security are considered as major design issues. Clustering and routing techniques offers distribution of load over many network correlations to attain better utilization of resources, improved throughput, reduces response time, and eliminates workload. Besides, Trust based schemes helps in sending messages in a secured manner as well as prevents the data from attackers by integrating authorized sender and receiver inside the network. Aim: The aim of the paper is to propose a new multi-objective optimization (MOO) technique is presented which intense to allocate the available networking resources properly, balances load in the network, security and effective data transmission. Method: The projected model operates on three major processes: clustering, secured routing and data aggregation based transmission scheme. The MOO model involves fuzzy logic (FL) based clustering process, LionWhale optimization algorithm with congestion avoidance (LW-CA) technique for routing process and integrated XOR and Huffman (IXH) based data transmission process. Therefore, the presented model is collectively called as FCAXH technique which achieves energy efficiency, proper load balancing and security. Results: The simulations are carried out using Network Simulator tool and the results are investigated with and without the presence of attackers. The proposed method attains maximum results interms of throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR) and energy efficiency. Conclusion: The projected FCAXH model achieves energy efficiency, proper load balancing and security over the compared approaches even under the presence of attackers in the network.

scholarly journals SDSR-A New Hybrid Secure Routing Protocol using Trust Recommendations in MANET

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1092-1095
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Trust Value ◽  
Quality Of Service Parameters

A mobile ad hoc network is a dynamic network which can be established when there is no possibility or if it is practically impossible to establish a standard cellular infrastructure for communication. It is a form of decentralized wireless network where nodes are independent of each other and operate on their own. Every node is free to move in and out of the network as and when needed. This also introduces many concerns about security of data being forwarded through these nodes as there is no fixed dedicated mechanism to verify the authenticity of the nodes that join and leave the network at varied times. As MANET is a multi-hop network, data should be forwarded through many intermediate nodes, before it actually arrives at the intended destination. So data on transit through these intermediate nodes should be protected from any malicious nodes. Different protocols were proposed in literature that address the security concerns of routing considering varying parameters. This paper illustrates a hybrid routing protocol, SDSR Secure Dynamic Source Routing Protocol which takes the recommendations of neighbour nodes to judge about node’s authenticity and uses that information to calculate the trust value of a node. Using trust values of nodes, malicious nodes are identified and those nodes are excluded from data transmission path between the source and destination. The performance of SDSR is also evaluated in terms of efficiency parameters like Packet Delivery Ratio, Packet Loss, Communication Overhead, Throughput etc., and results are presented. This protocol can also be compared with existing routing protocols proposed for MANETS in terms of various quality of service parameters.

scholarly journals Enhanced replica detection scheme for efficient analysis of intrusion detection in MANET

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.1) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
P. Bakeyalakshmi ◽  
S. K. Mahendran
Keyword(s):  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Replica Detection

Nowadays, detection scheme of intrusion is placing a major role for efficient access and analysis in Mobile Ad-hoc network (MANET). In the past, the detection scheme of Intrusion was used to identify the efficiency of the network and in maximum systems it performs with huge rate of false alarm. In this paper, an Effective approach of the Enhanced Replica Detection scheme (ERDS) based on Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT) is proposed to detect the malicious actions and to have a secure path without claim in an efficient manner. Also, provides strategies to avoid attacker and to provide secure communication. In order to have an efficient analysis of intrusion detection the proposed approach is implemented based on the anomaly. To achieve this, the detection scheme is established based on SPRT and demonstrated the performances of detection with less claim. The simulation results of control overhead, packet delivery ratio, efficient detection, energy consumption and average claims are carried out for the analysis of performance to show the improvement than the existing by using the network simulator tool. Also, the performance of the proposed system illustrated the detection of intrusion in the normal and attacker states of the network.

scholarly journals A Bioinspired Adaptive Congestion-Avoidance Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Qiong ◽  
Yin Pengfei ◽  
Chen Qianbin ◽  
Gong Pu ◽  
Yang Xiaolong
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Route Maintenance ◽  
Random Manner ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

Traditional mobile Ad Hoc network routing protocols are mainly based on the Shortest Path, which possibly results in many congestion nodes that incur routing instability and rerouting. To mitigate the side-efforts, this paper proposed a new bioinspired adaptive routing protocol (ATAR) based on a mathematics biology model ARAS. This paper improved the ARAS by reducing the randomness and by introducing a new routing-decision metric “the next-hop fitness” which was denoted as the congestion level of node and the length of routing path. In the route maintenance, the nodes decide to forward the data to next node according to a threshold value of the fitness. In the recovery phase, the node will adopt random manner to select the neighbor as the next hop by calculation of the improved ARAS. With this route mechanism, the ATAR could adaptively circumvent the congestion nodes and the rerouting action is taken in advance. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results show that the ATAR protocol outperforms AODV and MARAS in terms of delivery ratio, ETE delay, and the complexity. In particular, ATAR can efficiently mitigate the congestion.

The Robustness of RM-DSR Multipath Routing Protocol with Different Network Size in MANET

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Naseer Ali Husieen ◽  
Suhaidi Hassan ◽  
Osman Ghazali ◽  
Lelyzar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Route Maintenance ◽  
Dynamic Source

This paper evaluates the performance of Reliable Multipath Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (RM-DSR) protocol with different network size compared to DSR protocol. RM-DSR developed in the mobile ad-hoc network to recover from the transient failure quickly and divert the data packets into a new route before the link is disconnected. The performance of RM-DSR protocol is tested in the Network Simulator (NS-2.34) under the random way point mobility model with varying number of mobile nodes. The network size parameter is used to investigate the robustness and the efficiency of RM-DSR protocol compared to DSR protocol. The network size affects the time of the route discovery process during the route establishment and the route maintenance process which could influence the overall performance of the routing protocol. The simulation results indicate that RM-DSR outperforms DSR in terms of the packet delivery ratio, routing overhead, end-to-end delay, normalized routing load and packet drop.

scholarly journals Prediction Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Network Connection Breaks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Yasir Mohammed ◽  
Maha Abdelhaq ◽  
Raed Alsaqour
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Link Prediction ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a decentralized network of mobile node that are connected to an arbitrary topology via wireless connections. The breakdown of the connecting links between adjacent nodes will probably lead to the loss of the transferred data packets. In this research, we proposed an algorithm for link prediction (LP) to enhance the link break provision of the ad hoc on-demand remote protocol (AODV). The proposed algorithm is called the AODV Link Break Prediction (AODVLBP). The AODVLBP prevents link breaks by the use of a predictive measure of the changing signal. The AODVLBP was evaluated using the network simulator version 2.35 (NS2) and compared with the AODV Link prediction (AODVLP) and the AODV routing protocols. The simulation results reveal the effectiveness of AODVLBP in improving network performance in terms of average end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, packet overhead ratio, and packet drop-neighbour break.

scholarly journals Adaptive Broadcast Routing Protocol using Fuzzy Logic System for MANET

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5474-5480
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Fuzzy Logic System ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Broadcast Routing ◽  
Logic System

In Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), forwarding probability should consider neighbour density, link quality and residual energy of the forwarding nodes. Also, redundant broadcasting by checking the inter-arrival times should be considered. In this paper, we propose to design a adaptive broadcast routing protocol using Fuzzy logic system. In this protocol, a set of forwarding nodes are selected based on the residual energy, coverage probability and channel condition. The rebroadcasting or forwarding probability is adaptively adjusted based on the 1-hop neighbour density and relative mobility of neighbours using the fuzzy logic system. Then the selected forwarding nodes forward the route request packets with the probability given by forwarding probability. Before forwarding the packets, the number of redundant packets exceeding a threshold value, are removed by checking successful status of delivered packets. By simulation results, we show that ABRP minimizes the delay and forwarding ratio by increasing the packet delivery ratio and average residual energy.

scholarly journals Novel Secured Keys Generation (NSEKG) with User Property based Artificial Bee Colony (UPABC) for IDPS in MANET

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S) ◽  
pp. 523-530
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Artificial Bee Colony ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
User Property

Wireless networks are been used now-a-days. The most important fact about wireless network is it is mobile. It is thus used in many fields. One of the most important applications of wireless networks is Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) in which all the nodes work as both transmitter and receiver. MANETs are used in various fields like military, industry and emergency recovery. In order to provide adequate security against multiple attacks, the researchers are of the opinion that detection-based schemes should be incorporated in addition to traditionally used prevention techniques. Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) is an effective defense mechanism that detects and prevents the security attacks at various levels. In recent work a polynomial key is employed for achieving useful key generation process and a polynomial is generated to compute the pair-wise key but it can be easily detected by the attacker so to improve the security in IDPS system, this work proposes the secure routing using Novel SEcured Keys Generation (NSEKG) against IDPS system. This proposal implements with two major keys: Secure Key (SeK) and Sharing key (ShK) creation is performed via the use of the User Property based Artificial Bee Colony (UPABC) algorithm and the frequency based behavior with certainty measurement on routing paths. These SeK and ShK keys creation with UPABC scheme exploits the encrypted value of the packets and the decryption determine whether the route reply is the result of a malicious node or not. The proposed NSEKG -IDPS system is very effective for communication attacks and needs to be gradually improved in order to detect multiple attacks. The performance is evaluated primarily in accordance with the subsequent metrics like Packet delivery ratio (PDR), Routing Overhead (RO), End-End-Delay (E2E), and Throughput

scholarly journals Secure Routing through Refining Reliability for WSN against DoS Attacks using AODSD2V2 Algorithm for AMI

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 282-289
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Dos Attacks ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
Reliable Routing

Secure and reliable routing expands the performance of wireless communication infrastructure of the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI).This paper tries to deliver reliable routing using combination of AODV(Reactive type protocol) and DSDV(proactive type protocol) protocol considering WSN. Different kinds of Attack annoys the enactment of communication infrastructure of AMI. This paper defends communication infrastructure from DoS (Denial of service) attack. The main aim of this paper try to provide reliable routing with security. Communication infrastructure is a key element of AMI. Providing reliability and security for communication infrastructure we can improve the performance of AMI. Due to this electricity sector can save millions of dollars and we provide social awareness about importance of electricity security or Smart Grid. This paper calculates the security in terms of delay, energy consumption, throughput, PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio) and overhead. By considering these parameters we will calculate Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability and Accountability (non- repudiation). Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) considered for wireless communication infrastructure for the AMI. Sensor nodes are battered for attack. Intended for AODSD2V2 (Ad Hoc on Demand Destination Sequenced Distance Vector Routing Protocol) protects the data packets from malicious nodes and DoS attack. For the WSN network infrastructure two kinds of topologies are considered 1. Random deployment strategy 2. Grid deployment. Network Simulator2 (NS2) delivers comparatively simulation results intended for the calculation of reliability and security.

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