scholarly journals Feasibility and Implications of the Modular Construction Approach for Rapid Post-Disaster Recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Pedram Ghannad ◽  
Yong-Cheol Lee ◽  
Jin Ouk Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Time Efficiency ◽  
Major Loss ◽  
The Government ◽  
Housing Reconstruction ◽  
Post Disaster

The adverse social and financial impacts of catastrophic disasters are increasing as population centers grow. In recent years, destroying homes and infrastructures has resulted in a major loss of life and created countless refugees. For example, Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 damaged over 214,700 homes in New Orleans and forced over 800,000 citizens to live outside of their homes due to flooding. After disastrous events, the government agencies have to respond to post-disaster housing issues quickly and efficiently and provide sufficient resources for temporary housing for short-term disaster relief and reconstruction of destroyed and damaged housing for full rehabilitation. Modular construction is a promising solution for improving the process of post-disaster housing reconstruction because of its inherent characteristic of time-efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the potentials and feasibility of the prefabricated/modular construction approach that can be adapted to facilitate the post-disaster recovery process. An extensive literature review has been carried out to identify the features of modular construction, which can add value to the post-disaster recovery process. To investigate the suitability and practicability of implementing modular construction for post-disaster reconstruction and to identify major barriers of its implementation, a survey has been conducted among Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) experts who have experience in prefabrication/modularization, and/or involved in post-disaster reconstruction projects. The results of the study indicate that prefabricated/modular construction is a promising approach to improve time-efficiency of post-disaster reconstruction and tackle challenges of current practices by its unique benefits such as reduced demand for on-site labor (overcome local labor pool constraints impacted by the disaster) and resources (overcome the shortage of equipment and materials), shorter schedule (due to concurrent & non-seasonal), reduced site congestion, and improved labor productivity (due to assembly line-like and controlled environment).

scholarly journals Investigating Stakeholders' Perceptions of Feasibility and Implications of Modular Construction-Based Post-Disaster Reconstruction

2019 ◽  
pp. 504-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedram Ghannad ◽  
Yong-Cheol Lee ◽  
Jin Ouk Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Time Efficiency ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Housing Reconstruction ◽  
Post Disaster

Natural Disasters cause major adverse social and financial effects by destroying homes and infrastructures. For example, Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 damaged over 214,700 homes in New Orleans and forced over 800,000 citizens to live outside of their homes due to flooding. Thus, these disasters require a quick and efficient response to post-disaster housing issues and provide resources for temporary houses for short-term disaster relief and reconstruction of destroyed and damaged housing for full rehabilitation. Reconstruction of permanent housing for disaster victims is one of the most time-consuming activities in the post-disaster recovery process. However, time is a critical factor which should be minimized for the restoration of affected communities. Modularized construction is a promising solution for improving the process of post-disaster housing reconstruction because of its inherent characteristic of time-efficiency. This paper aimed to evaluate prefabricated modular construction potentials as an approach that can facilitate the design and construction phase of post-disaster reconstruction. An extensive literature review has been carried out to identify the features of modularized construction which can add value to the post-disaster recovery process. To investigate the suitability and feasibility of implementing modular construction for post-disaster reconstruction and also identify major barriers of its implementation, a survey has been conducted in 2018 among AEC experts who were experienced in the prefabricated construction industry and/or involved in post-disaster reconstruction projects. The results of the study indicate that prefabricated modular construction is a promising approach to improve time-efficiency of post-disaster reconstruction and tackle challenges of current practices by its unique benefits such as reduced demand for on-site labor (overcome local labor pool constraints impacted by the disaster) and resources (overcome shortage of equipment and materials), shorter schedule (due to concurrent & non-seasonal), reduced site congestion, and improved labor productivity (due to assembly line-like and controlled environment).

scholarly journals RECOVERY CURVES FOR HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION IN SRI LANKA AFTER THE 2004 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
OSAMU MURAO ◽  
HIDEAKI NAKAZATO
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Recovery Curves ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post Disaster

On the 26th of December 2004, the Tsunami damaged to five provinces in Sri Lanka and more than 40,000 people were displaced, lost, or killed within a short time. After the tsunami, the Government provided three types of houses for the victims (temporary shelters, transitional houses, and permanent houses). The authors conducted several field surveys and interviews in the damaged area to investigate the recovery conditions, and obtained dataset, which had been collected for 13 months since December 2004 by Rebuilding and Development Agency. It shows the construction status of transitional house and permanent house in the damaged areas. This paper demonstrates recovery curves for the transitional houses and the permanent houses. With the aim of constructing post-earthquake recovery curves for Sri Lanka, the factors of time (months) and completion ratio of building construction are used. The obtained curves quantitatively clarify the regional differences in the completion dates and processes of construction. The proposed quantitative methodology will be used for other damaged countries due to the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. It means that this kind of analysis is essential for investigating post-disaster recovery process because it enables comparative studies of urban/rural planning among different types of post-disaster recovery processes throughout the world.

EFEKTIVITAS PENDAPATAN DAERAH KABUPATEN PACITAN DALAM PROSES PEMULIHAN PASCA BENCANA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Devi Nur Cahaya Ningsih
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Regional Income ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Disaster

Flood and landslide that occurred at the end of 2017 in Pacitan Regency induced huge losses. However, with good cooperation from all levels of The Pacitan's society, the impact of the disasters could resolve in 4 months. This study aims to determine the steps taken by the government of Pacitan Regency to achieve effectiveness in realizing the original regional income of Pacitan Regency, especially for post-disaster recovery. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, through interviews with the Head of the Disaster Management Section of Pacitan Regency. The results obtained indicate The government of Pacitan Regency has policies that can secure their Original Regional Income. The Regional Original Income is always achieved well before disasters, during disasters, and after disasters. Apart from implementing policies, the effectiveness of regional income in the time of disaster recovery process in Pacitan Regency is also encouraged by the assistance funds obtained from the central government, regional governments, and the private sector. Meanwhile, involving the community with an attitude of good cooperation that is one of a characteristic of the Indonesian society could quickly restore the condition of the Pacitan Regency.

Commercial social spaces in the post-disaster context

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-317
Author(s):  
Stefanie Haeffele ◽  
Alexander Wade Craig
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Commercial Entrepreneurship

PurposeThis paper argues that commercial entrepreneurial activities have social implications and can provide needed social spaces during the disaster recovery process, and that viewing commercial enterprises as socially valuable has implications for post-disaster public policy.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses themes and concepts developed through in-depth interviews conducted in New Orleans, Louisiana, and Houston, Texas, after Hurricane Katrina. Particular case studies of the personal experiences of communities that recovered after Hurricane Katrina are utilized to highlight how commercial entrepreneurship creates and maintains social spaces where community members can share resources and connect during the recovery process.FindingsEntrepreneurs need not have a specific social mission in order to make social contributions, and commercial entrepreneurship should create and maintain social spaces that are important for community recovery after disasters.Practical implicationsThe social spaces that commercial entrepreneurs facilitate should be considered when designing and implementing public policy in the post-disaster context. Policies can often hinder recovery, and policymakers should instead establish clear regulatory regimes and allow for greater space for entrepreneurs to act.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the role entrepreneurs play in advancing social goals and purposes after disasters, specifically how commercial entrepreneurs can create and maintain social spaces where community members gather to discuss their challenges and strategies for disaster recovery. It highlights the extra-economic role of commercial entrepreneurs and discusses the implications for public policy based on this broadened conception of entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Development of Planning Support System for Urban Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Kato ◽  
◽  
Itsuki Nakabayashi ◽  
Taro Ichiko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Support System ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Disaster Planning ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Planning Support System ◽  
Post Disaster

The past post-disaster recovery process had many difficulties in planning. The importance of residents participatory urban planning is true of post-disaster planning and ordinary planning; however, there are difficult problems as follows: time-scale conflict between desire of affected households for swift recovery of their individual lives and enough consideration of urban planning to avoid speed-before-quality planning, unsmooth discussion and consensus building because of mutual conflict of their interest in the residents, and a shortage of professionals in the case that an earthquake disaster hits wide and high-density urbanized region. The concept of "pre-disaster planning" has been propounded as measures to deal with these serious situations after 1995 Hyogo-ken Nambu Earthquake in Japan. Actual measures including "neighborhood community-training program for post-disaster recovery" of Tokyo Metropolitan have been implemented in various approaches. This study has pioneering approach in this context. We focus on planning support technologies based on a geographic information system (GIS) and establish planning support system for post-disaster community-based urban planning, which will smooth discussion and increase efficiency of planning work. An introduction of the system will result in reduction of total time needed on the planning process and supplement of professionals. Though there are some problems that we identified, they will be solved in accumulated experiences such as the training program in the near future.

Build back better concepts for resilient recovery: a case study of India’s 2018 flood recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Neeraj ◽  
Sandeeka Mannakkara ◽  
Suzanne Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post Disaster

Purpose This paper aims to understand the recovery process after the 2018 floods in Kerala, India, and it determines whether the recovery efforts were aligned with Build Back Better (BBB) concepts. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative approach was adopted to collect the data from the officials of Government and NGOs involved in Kerala recovery. The participants were interviewed on the challenges faced during the recovery process and the actions taken by them to overcome it. Findings The study identified that the Kerala Government was proactive at making the community resilient from future disasters by – encouraging owner-driven reconstruction among flood-affected households; supporting locals to rejuvenate their business; and by creating a local-level recovery authority. Further, this paper identifies the areas that Kerala was lacking in terms of BBB and where resilience-based plans and actions are needed for the future. Research limitations/implications The participants were employees of Government and NGOs at a state level as they were the primary decision-makers to implement any recovery actions. Researchers believe that the authorities at district and village level could have had a different perspective towards implementing the recovery actions. Practical implications The best practices presented in this paper for effective BBB will assist the government to build/improve resilience in the community. Originality/value The implementation of BBB concepts in the areas of disaster risk reduction, community recovery and effective implementation was never studied extensively. The research provides valuable information on what extent Kerala’s post-disaster recovery and reconstruction activities were in-line with BBB practices.

Post-Disaster Recovery and Economic Impact of Catastrophes in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1825-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jidong Wu ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Zhonghui Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tangshan Earthquake ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Post Disaster

This paper implements a temporal–spatial recovery measurement of the catastrophic 1976 Tangshan earthquake using available statistical data. The results show that the gross regional product (GRP) level of the Tangshan region achieved a new normality after seven years. During this recovery process, net indirect losses totaled RMB3.7 billion and net indirect gains totaled RMB3.9 billion at the 2007 price level. The area surrounding the Tangshan region benefited from the disaster, both in terms of GRP level and per capita GRP level, at least in the short term. The sector-level economic recovery process seems longer. The production level of the construction sector was 0.9 to 2.5 times that of the pre-disaster level during its 11-year recovery period. The per capita GRP level of the Tangshan region was 1.7 times that of pre-earthquake 30 years later. This quantitative disaster recovery analysis is critical for validating or initializing economic loss estimation models.

scholarly journals Ex Post Analysis of Disaster Recovery (Earthquake — 2005) in the Red Zones Region of Balakot, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
Amjad Ali ◽  
Sher Muhammad Malik ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad Jan
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Process ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Ex Post Analysis

The Balakot town and its surroundings were almost totally destroyed by Earthquake – 2005. The government has abandoned this town for residential purposes and declared as Red Zones Region. However, the government fully supported post disaster relief and restoration phases. The rehabilitation and reconstruction phases were carried out through community self-help-based system and partially supported by line agencies. This recovery is neither claimed by government nor desired by the community. It is the product of governments policy, interventions, local economic opportunities, and community self-help-based system. The present study will analyse each step of the recovery through study of the role of different stakeholders and its impacts on recovery process. All data sets are normalized and generalized with regression analysis. This study will generalize the complex process of recovery to reduce the risk of disasters.

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