scholarly journals Callus Proliferation from Immature Leaf Explants of Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr. cv. Selat) with the Addition of Picloram and BAP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Zulkarnain , ◽  
, Lizawati

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>This study was aimed to obtain an appropriate medium composition with various combinations of Picloram + BAP for the proliferation of embryogenic callus from immature leaf explants of durian. The experiment was carried out at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory,  Faculty of Agriculture ,  the University of Jambi from January through to November 2012. Five levels of Picloram (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 mg  L-1) in combination with three levels of BAP (0, 0.5, 1.5 mg  L-1) were tested. Therefore, there were 15 treatment combinations with 4 replicates resulting in  60 experimental unit. Each unit  consisted of 4 culture flasks containing one immature leaf explant. Cultures were kept in culture room with 16 h photoperiod and 1000 lux light intensity. The results showed that: 1) callus proliferation on immature leaf explants of durian cv. Selat was dependent upon the level of Picloram + BAP added to culture medium, 2) the addition of 3.0 -  5.0 mg L-1Picloram without BAP was found to be effective in promoting callus proliferation on the majority of cultured explants, 3) all regenerated callus showed similar characteristics, but embryogenic properties was not seen yet, and 4) the application of tissue culture technique in the propagation of durian cv. Selat needs further comprehensive  investigation, particularly on factors directly affecting culture development and inducing somatic embryogenesis.</p><p>Key words: tissue culture, in vitro culture, micropropagation, plant hormones, auxin, cytokinin, fruit crops.</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mendapatkan komposisi  media  yang  tepat dari  kombinasi Picloram + BAP untuk proliferasi kalus embriogenik dari eksplan daun dewasa durian. Penelitian dilakukan  di  Laboratorium  Bioteknologi Tanaman,  Fakultas  Pertanian,  Universitas  Jambi  dari Januari hingga November 2012. Perlakuan kombinasi media zat pengatur tumbuh adalah lima taraf Picloram (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 mg L-1) dengan kombinasi tiga taraf perlakuan BAP (0, 0.5, 1.5 mg L-1).  Terdapat  15  kombinasi  media perlakuan dengan  4  ulangan,  sehingga  terdapat  60  kombinasi satuan percobaan. Setiap unit percobaan terdapat 4 botol kultur dengan satu eksplan daun. Kultur disimpan di ruang kultur selama 16 jam penyinaran dan intensitas cahaya 1000  lux. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Proliferasi kalus dari eksplan daun  muda buah  durian tergantung pada taraf kombinasi  picloram  +  BAP yang  ditambahkan  ke  media  kultur;  2)  Penambahan  3.0-5.0  mg  L-1Picloram  tanpa  BAP  memberikan  hasil  yang  efektif  untuk  menginduksi proliferasi  kalus  pada sebagian besar eksplan; 3)  Regenerasi kalus menunjukkan karakteristik serupa, tetapi embriogenik kalus  tidak  muncul, dan 4)  Perbanyakan  eksplan  daun  durian  dengan  tehnik  kultur jaringan membutuhkan penelitian lebih  lanjut, terutama pada faktor yang berpengaruh langsung pada induksi embriogenesis somatik.</p><p>Kata kunci: auksin, buah, kultur jaringan, kultur in vitro, mikropropagasi, sitokinin, zat pengaturtumbuh,</p>

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Min Woo ◽  
Hazel Y. Wetzstein

Georgia plume, Elliottia racemosa Muhlenb. ex. Elliott, is an extremely rare small tree or shrub endemic to Georgia, which is being severely affected by habitat loss and lack of sexual recruitment. In vitro plant regeneration of Georgia plume has not been previously reported and may be a method for the conservation and propagation of this threatened species. Studies evaluated the effects of sterilization methods, explant types, medium composition, and light environment on plant regeneration. An efficient plant regeneration system was developed in which adventitious shoot buds were induced using young, expanding leaf explants placed on an induction medium supplemented with 10 μm thidiazuron and 5 μm indole-3-acetic acid with Gamborg's B5 salts. Shoot elongation was promoted on a medium with 25 μm (2-isopentenyl) adenine incorporated into Woody Plant Medium. In vitro rooting studies evaluated continuous and pulse auxin treatments and ex vitro rooting trials after KIBA (indole-3-butric acid, potassium salt) dips. A 5-day pulse treatment on 100 or 150 μm indole-3-butyric acid produced ≈90% rooting of shoots with greater shoot and root dry weight than other pulse times. High rooting frequencies were obtained under in vitro and ex vitro conditions with over 85% survival of plantlets transferred to greenhouse conditions. The culture protocol was found to be effective with material collected from mature specimens in the wild from divergent populations. Tissue culture appears to be a promising approach for the propagation and conservation of this rare and threatened plant.


2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Naimeh SHARIFMOGHADAM ◽  
Abbas SAFARNEJAD ◽  
Sayed Mohammad TABATABAEI

The Almond (Amygdalus communis) is one of the most important and oldest commercial nut crops, belonging to the Rosaceae family. Almond has been used as base material in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, hygienically and food industry. Propagation by tissue culture technique is the most important one in woody plants. In the current research, in vitro optimization of tissue culture and mass production of almond was investigated. In this idea, explants of actively growing shoots were collected and sterilized, then transferred to MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. The experiment was done in completely randomized blocks design, with 7 treatment and 30 replications. After 4 weeks, calli induction, proliferation, shoot length and number of shoot per explants were measured. Results showed that the best medium for shoot initiation and proliferation was MS + 0.5 mg/l IAA (Indol-3-Acetic Acid) + 1 mg/l BA (Benzyl Adenine). Autumn was the best season for collecting explants. The shoots were transferred to root induction medium with different concentrations of plant growth regulators. The best root induction medium was MS + 0.5 mg/l IBA (Indol Butyric Acid).


2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012075
Author(s):  
R Purnamaningsih ◽  
D Sukmadjaja ◽  
S Suhesti ◽  
S Rahayu

Abstract Six mutant clones of sugarcane with high productivity have been produced through tissue culture techniques combined with mutations using gamma-ray irradiation and Ethyl Methane Sulfonate. The six mutant clones have been tested for stability in the field. They are proven to have high productivity and yields, so that they are very potential to be developed as superior varieties. To support the planting material sufficiency of these clones, an efficient propagation method was needed. Media formulations with different physical properties and composition of growth regulators were tested to obtain high seedling propagation rates. The media formulation for callus induction was Murashige dan Skoog (MS) + 3 mg/l 2,4-D + 3 g/l casein hydrolysate + 3% sucrose and for shoot regeneration was MS + 0,5 mg/l BA + 0,1 mg/l IBA + 100 mg/l PVP and 2% sucrose. Shoot proliferation was carried out on MS liquid (1, ½) + (0.3; 0.5 mg/l) BA + 0.1 mg/l IBA + 1 mg/l Kinetin + (0; 0.5 mg/l) GA3+ sucrose 2%. The results showed that callus induction, callus regeneration, and shoot proliferation of sugarcane mutant clones were influenced by the genotype and medium composition. The fastest callus induction was obtained from the MSP-4 clone (5.82 days), and the longest was MSB-7 (8.82 days). The largest callus diameter was obtained from MSB-6 clone on MS medium containing 1 mg/l BA, 100 mg/l PVP, and 2% sucrose. The highest number of shoots was obtained from the MSB-6 clone, while the least number of shoots conducted from the MSB-8 clone. The MSB-8 clones were more difficult to regenerate compared to the others. The best media formulation for shoot proliferation was ½ MS containing 0.5 mg/l BA, 1 mg/l Kinetin, and 0.1 mg/l IBA, while the best formulation for rooting was ½ MS.


2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
A.A. Al-jibouri ◽  
A.A. Al-salhay

The aim of this investigation was produced micro tubers of four potato cultivars Premiere, Bintje, Estima and Escort in vitro. Apical meristems (0.2-0.4 mm) of potato cultivars were excised and cultured on nutrient medium and incubated at 24±2 Cº and 1000 lux light intensity for 16 hrs per day. The developing plantlets were examined serological by using ELISA technique to eliminate the viral infected plantlets. The virus-free plantlets were chopped into pieces with single bud and re cultured on fresh medium for mass propagation. For micro tubers formation in test tubes, the cultures were transferred to another medium containing a high percent of sucrose (60g/L) with different concentrations of kinetin; the cultures were incubated under 16±2 Cº and 8 hrs photoperiod. The plantlets formed micro tubers after 8-10 weeks from culturing. The results showed significant differences among cultivar’s in their response to in vitro culture and micro tubers formation. The results also showed that the kinetin concentration had significant effect on micro tubers, and 1mg/l kinetin concentration was the best. The micro tubers were stored for 10 week at 4Cº to break down the dormancy period, and gave 100% germination under nursery condition. Numbers of tubers derived from micro tubers and normal tubers of these cultivars were compared at the end of season.


2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
RI Oyediran ◽  
JO Afolabi ◽  
DB Olomola ◽  
FO Akanni

Nauclea diderrichii is a tree species of economic importance. However, its plantation establishment is limited by inadequate seedling production. Hence, there is ample scope of tissue culture for its mass propagation. Its in vitro plantlets development as affected by media strengths indicated that 100 % seed germination was obtained in full MS basal medium while the least (3.35 %) was from quarter-strength at 8 Weeks after inoculation (WAI). The effects of BAP and NAA assessed on the growth of its sub-cultured plantlets showed that highest number of leaves (17) and adventitious shoots (3) were obtained from MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l BAP only. Whereas, highest shoot length (3.61 cm) and average number of roots (5/plantlet) were obtained from the same medium without hormone(s) at 8 WAI. Further sub-culturing into MS with 0.05 mg/l NAA resulted into plantlets having optimum shoot and massive root growth ready for acclimatization in 6 WAI. The plantlets were successfully acclimatized using coconuthusk/ topsoil mixture with 90 % survival. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 31(1): 51-60, 2021 (June)


2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal

This study on the plant of Ain –AL Bason Catharanthus roseous showed the ability of callus cells that is produced by In Vitro culture technique and transformed to the accumulated media (MS 40gm/L sucrose ,2gm/L IAA Indole acetic acid , 0.5gm/L Tryptophan) to produce Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds. Extraction, purification and quantitive determination of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds using High performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC)were carried out. The results showed that the highest concentration of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds were ( 4.653,12.5 (ppm /0.5 dry Wight respectively from transformed callus cells from MS 40 gm /L sucrose , 2 gm / L NAA Naphthaline acetic acid .


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkarnain Zulkarnain ◽  
Neliyati Neliyati ◽  
Eliyanti Eliyanti

Pineapple propagation by lateral shoots, suckers or crowns is often confronted with limited number of regenerated seedlings and high diversity in flowering and fruit formation. In order to solve this problem, this study offer an alternative method by using tissue culture techniques. This study aimed to determine the effect of growth regulators on plantlet regeneration from bud slicing of pineapple cv. Tangkit. Four levels of 2.4-D (0.0, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 ppm) in combination with BA (0.0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 ppm) were tested on solid MS medium. Cultures were incubated in total darkness for a week followed by transfer to 16-hour photoperiod. Results showed that explants treated with 2,4-D and/or BA succeeded in regenerating adventitious shoots. Average leaf number did not differ significantly among treatments (P = 0.60). Highest leaf number (2.99 ± 0.23) was obtained on medium with 0.01 ppm 2,4-D without BA, followed by 0.1 ppm 2,4-D without BA (2.85 ± 0.33). Meanwhile, roots were only formed on medium with 0.1 ppm 2.4-D without BA (4.2 ± 0.37 per shoot). Thus, complete plantlets were regenerated only on medium supplemented with 0.1 ppm 2,4-D without BA. The growth of plantlets was relatively uniform, and plantlet acclimatization succeeded 100% on Jiffy pots. The finding of optimum concentration of 2.4-D and BA in this study is important to develop standard protocol for in vitro propagation of pineapple cv. Tangkit. Thus, the benefit of producing seeds in large quantities and relatively uniform in growth is made possible through tissue culture technique.


2012 ◽  
pp. 79-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Villaluz Acedo ◽  
Catherine Arradaza

Germplasm collections, the lifeblood of breeding programs, are traditionally maintained in the field. Field genebanks are expensive, subject to genetic erosion, and require several quarantine measures for safe movement of genetic materials. These problems are more serious in long-duration, non-flowering and vegetatively propagated crops like yarn. This study aimed to develop a tissue culture technique for in vitro conservation of yarn germplasm. ’VU-2’ and ‘Kinampay’ varieties were used in establishing the in vitro conservation technique which was then tested to other genotypes. With the tissue culture protocol for yarn propagation developed earlier, the plantlets became overgrown after 2-3 months, requiring frequent subculturing and increasing the cost of maintenance and the risk of microbial contamination. Slow growth culture was tested using MS medium added with 0-10 mg/L abscisic acid (ABA) or 0-7% mannitol or sorbitol. Expectedly, plantlet growth slowed down. However, ABA at higher levels increased mortality of cultures while sorbitol was less effective than mannitol in retarding growth. Mannitol at 4% was found to be the best slow growth medium to maintain the plantlets for 13 months, thereby saving at least 4 times the maintenance cost using the normal growth medium. Tissue viability, morphological stability and tuber yield were not affected. Other genotypes (VU-1, VU-3, VU-4, VU-5, PR5, PR7, PR10 and PR11) responded similarly to the slow growth culture condition.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
DELIAH SESWITA

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Tanaman temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) merupakansalah satu tanaman obat potensial unggulan yang memiliki khasiatmultifungsi. Rimpangnya yang berkhasiat obat mampu mengobati ber-bagai penyakit seperti kelainan pada hati/lever, kantong empedu, danpankreas. Adanya kecenderungan masyarakat ingin menggunakan pengo-batan dengan bahan alami, menjadikan permintaan benih temulawaksebagai bahan baku obat maupun industri jamu di Indonesia meningkatdengan pesat. Kondisi ini memberi peluang kepada petani sebagaipenyedia bahan tanaman. Upaya penyediaan bahan tanaman secara massaldalam waktu singkat serta bebas hama dan penyakit dapat dilakukanmelalui teknik kultur jaringan. Teknik ini dibatasi oleh tingginya biayaperbanyakan, di antaranya penggunaan bahan kimia. Oleh karena itu perludikaji penggunaan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) yang berasal dari bahanalami (salah satunya adalah air kelapa) sebagai substitusi ZPT sintetik.Penelitian penggunaan air kelapa sebagai ZPT dilakukan di LaboratoriumKultur Jaringan Plasma Nutfah Pemuliaan dan Perbenihan, BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik Bogor, dari bulan Mei sampaidengan bulan Desember 2009. Eksplan berasal dari tunas temulawak sterilhasil perbanyakan sebelumnya. Media yang digunakan adalah mediaMurashige and Skoog (MS) yang dikombinasikan dengan beberapa tarafkonsentrasi air kelapa (0, 5, 10, 15, dan 20%) sebagai substitusi ZPT danair kelapa dengan memakai millipore. Media dibuat padat, sebagaipembanding pada media MS + ZPT kimia yaitu BA1,5 mg/l. Percobaanmenggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 10 ulangan. Parameteryang diuji adalah jumlah tunas, jumlah daun dan jumlah akar. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan, tanpa komponen kimia, dengan penambah airkelapa pada berbagai konsentrasi pada media dasar MS, berhasilmembentuk tunas, daun dan akar. Jumlah tunas terbanyak didapat padakombinasi media dengan penambahan air kelapa 15% sebanyak 3,4 tunas,jumlah daun 2,2 daun serta jumlah akar terbanyak yaitu sebanyak 13,2akar pada umur 2 minggu. Pada kombinasi media dengan memakaimillipore, tunas terbanyak hanya 2,6 tunas, tetapi tidak berbeda nyatadengan perlakuan kontrol MS + BA 1,5 mg/l, yaitu sama-sama memiliki2,6 tunas, 3,6 daun, dan 15,4 akar.</p><p>Kata kunci : Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., in vitro, air kelapa, zatpengatur tumbuh, multiplikasi in vitro</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The use of Coconut Water as Growth Regulator onMultiplication of Java Turmeric Buds (Curcumaxanthorrhiza Roxb. ) in vitro</p><p>Java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a potentialmedicinal plant which has many uses. Its rhizome has efficacy to curevarious diseases such as disorder on lever, gall bladder and pancreas.There is a tendency that people want to use therapy by natural materials,increases demand of turmeric seed as raw material of medicine industry inIndonesia. This condition provides a chance to farmers as supplier of plantmaterials. However, up to now, the high need of plant materials causes thelimitation of supply so that their alternatives are needed for providing plantmaterials in maximum number. The part of plant material provision in highnumber and in a short time and free from pests and diseases can beconducted through tissue culture technique. However, this technique islimited by the high cost of multiplication, among others the use ofchemical materials. Therefore, the use of growth regulator originated fromnatural material as substitution of synthetic growth regulator need to beassessed, one of them is coconut water. The experiment was carried out atthe laboratory of Tissue Culture, Germ Plasm, and Plant Breeding,Indonesia for Medicinal and Aromatic Crop Research Institute, Bogorfrom May to December 2009. Explants originated from sterile turmericshoots, product of previous multiplication. Media used was Murashige andSkoog (MS) combined with several concentration levels of coconut water( 0; 5; 10; 15, and 20%) as substitution of growth regulator and coconutwater by using millipore. Solid media was used, as comparison on mediaof chemical MS + was BA1.5 mg/l. The experiment was arranged incompletely randomized design with 10 replications. Parameters observedwere the numbers of shoots, leaves and roots. Results showed that withoutchemical component, by addition of coconut water on variousconcentrations on based media of MS, produced shoots, leaves and roots.The highest shoot number obtained on combination of media and additionof coconut water 15% as many as 3.4 shoots, with the number of leaves2.2 leaves at the age of 2 weeks and the highest roots formed on 15 %coconut water as many as 13.2 roots. Whereas on combination of mediawith millipore, the highest shoots were only 2.6 shoots, however it was notsignificantly different from treatment of control MS + BA 1.5 mg/l, itproduced 2.6 shoots,3.6 leaves and 15.4 roots.</p><p>Key words : Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., in vitro, coconut water,growth regulator, multiplication in vitro</p>


Author(s):  
Akshay Milind Patil ◽  
Pooja Prakash Gunjal ◽  
Dr. Sonali Das

The multiplication efficacy by bulb is low and the plantlets are more susceptible to disease, therefore, there is a need to develop a protocol for its propagation. Lilium candidum is listed in the saitma prefecture Red Data Book as a critically endangered plant and rescuing information regarding its micro-propagation is rather limited. On this regard, the application of in vitro micropropagtion procedure might help to obtain large numbers of uniform plants of endangered species of Lilium. Dried lilies are a rich source of fiber and also rich in sodium and carbs. Lily bulbs have proteins and starch and also small quantities of iron, calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin B1, B2, C. The health benefits of the lily for the heart are well known on account of the active cardiac glycosides as well as the flavonoids which tend to stimulate the arteries and can cause them to dilute. Another one of the therapeutic uses of the lily flower is in the case of treating burns and preventing the formation of scar tissue. One of the main health benefits of the lily flower is that it helps regulating the heart rate there by allowing the heart to function more efficiently and regular. Having multiple medicinal properties we decided to cultivate Lilium candidum using plant tissue culture so farming can be increased using this cost efficient techniques. In this research, we have studied various Effect of different concentration of BAP and NAA on the initiation of Lilium candidum from bulb and IBA, IAA and NAA on the rooting of shoots of Lilium Candidum.


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