scholarly journals Komposisi Jenis Tumbuhan dan Analisis Sebaran Langkap (Arenga obtusifolia Mart.) di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
Indra Febriana ◽  
Cecep Kusmana ◽  
U. Mamat Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
National Park ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Seedling Growth Rate ◽  
Sapling Growth ◽  
Spread Pattern ◽  
Range Of Values

Langkap (Arenga obtusifolia) is one of the species of the Arenga clan, which has a wide distribution in Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP). The aim of study was to determine the pattern of spreading langkap in order to support the management of Javan Rhino habitat. The vegetation analysis method used is a combination method between the line method and the path method. Langkap is the dominant species in UKNP at the sapling growth rate, with a density of 480-624 individuals/ha and INP value of 61.47% -78.30%, while the catch density at seedling growth rate is 900- 2,200 individuals/ha with INP value of 21.31% -49.41%. The standard Morisita coefficient value of langkap in each research block and growth rate is obtained in the range of values (-0.32) - 0.51, the spreading pattern shows a clustered spread pattern (Ip> 0) and uniform (Ip <0). The tendency of langkap domination in the research block can be seen from the ratio of catch density compared to the total density or its relative density at various growth rates. This shows that in the dominant catchment area there is a reduction in the density of plants other than langkap, especially the Javan Rhino feed plants.

Mechanical scarification technique breaks seed coat-mediated dormancy in wild oat (Avena fatua)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Roberto Lujan Rocha ◽  
Yaseen Khalil ◽  
Aniruddha Maity ◽  
Hugh J. Beckie ◽  
Michael B. Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Seedling Growth Rate ◽  
Oat Seeds

Abstract Wild oat is a herbicide resistance-prone global weed species that causes significant economic losses in dryland and horticultural agriculture. As a result, there has been a significant research effort in controlling this species. A major impediment to this research is the seed coat-mediated dormancy of wild oat, requiring a labor-intensive incision or puncturing of the seed coat to initiate seed germination. This study defines the most efficient settings of a mechanical thresher to overcome wild oat seed dormancy and then validates these settings using multiple populations collected from the Western Australian grain belt. We also compare the effects of rapid mechanical scarification and known germination stimulus tactics such as scarification with sulfuric acid (H2SO4), partial endosperm removal, sandpaper scarification of the seed coat, and immersion in sodium nitroprusside (NO donor SNP) solution on wild oat seedling growth rate. Threshing treatment of 1,500 rpm for 5 s provides equivalent germination compared with manually puncturing individual wild oat seeds, with no difference in seedling relative growth rate. The mechanical scarification of seeds using the thresher resulted in greater germination (66%) than H2SO4 scarification (0%), partial endosperm removal (10%), sandpaper seed coat scarification (25%), and exposure to NO donor SNP (34%). This study demonstrates that the physical dormancy of wild oat can be rapidly overcome using a commercially available mechanical thresher.

scholarly journals Estimating population sizes of lions Panthera leo and spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta in Uganda's savannah parks, using lure count methods

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Okot Omoya ◽  
Tutilo Mudumba ◽  
Stephen T. Buckland ◽  
Paul Mulondo ◽  
Andrew J. Plumptre
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Population Sizes

AbstractDespite > 60 years of conservation in Uganda's national parks the populations of lions and spotted hyaenas in these areas have never been estimated using a census method. Estimates for some sites have been extrapolated to other protected areas and educated guesses have been made but there has been nothing more definitive. We used a lure count analysis method of call-up counts to estimate populations of the lion Panthera leo and spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta in the parks where reasonable numbers of these species exist: Queen Elizabeth Protected Area, Murchison Falls Conservation Area and Kidepo Valley National Park. We estimated a total of 408 lions and 324 hyaenas for these three conservation areas. It is unlikely that other conservation areas in Uganda host > 10 lions or > 40 hyaenas. The Queen Elizabeth Protected Area had the largest populations of lions and hyaenas: 140 and 211, respectively. It is estimated that lion numbers have declined by 30% in this protected area since the late 1990s and there are increasing concerns for the long-term viability of both species in Uganda.

Temperature-Growth Relations and Genetic Diversity of A2 Mating-Type Isolates of Phytophthora cinnamomi in Australia

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Shepherd ◽  
BH Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Phytophthora Species ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Cardinal Temperatures ◽  
Range Of Values

Determinations of cardinal temperatures for growth on various media of 50 Australian isolates of Phytophthova cinnamomi showed that growth did not occur outside the range 5-35°C. The range of temperatures at which growth optima occurred varied according to the isolate and medium used and encompassed the whole range of values reported by overseas authors. Growth rates of 361 isolates on corn meal agar at 25°C varied within the range 4.7-10.5 mm/day. There was no correlation between optimum temperature and whether isolates were slow- or fastgrowing or their place of origin. Fast-growing isolates (6-11 mm/day) were obtained from all States, but slower-growing isolates (<6 mm/day) were obtained only from southern and western regions of Australia. Populations from different regions of Australia exhibited different growth rate parameters. The variability of mycelial isolates in culture was studied by examining differences in growth rate among replicated parent, single-zoospore, single-zoosporangium and single terminal-hyphal isolates. Extensive variation was found among first generation single-zoospore progenies of field isolates, with lesser variation among progeny of single zoosporangia, terminal hyphal cultures and second and third generation zoospore derivatives. The origin of this variation is discussed and it is suggested that field isolates are heterokaryotic, since zoospores proved to be predominantly uninucleate. When various Phytophthora species were incubated at temperatures above those at which growth was possible and then returned to 25°C, their subsequent ability to resume growth depended on the particular time-temperature combination used. Considerable variation of response was found among a number of isolates of P. cinnamomi and, following the establishment of single zoospore isolates, the potential variability of field isolates was shown to persist through successive generations of zoospore propagation. It is suggested that a cytoplasmic mechanism of inheritance may be responsible for this variation.

scholarly journals Estimating abundance of the Endangered onager Equus hemionus onager in Qatruiyeh National Park, Iran

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud-Reza Hemami ◽  
Moslem Momeni
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Equus Hemionus ◽  
Wild Ass ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractHistorically, the onager or Persian wild ass Equus hemionus onager, endemic to Iran, was widespread on the arid and semi-arid central steppes but only two natural populations remain. We estimated the population density of the onager in Qatruiyeh National Park using line transect distance sampling. Transects were surveyed on three plains in the Park and the results compared with total counts conducted by the Department of Environment. Our estimate (109 onagers per 100 km2; 95% confidence interval 67–179) is similar to that obtained by the total counts (137 onagers per 100 km2). Distance sampling is therefore a promising method for estimating the abundance of the onager. Using the annual censuses performed by the Department of Environment over the last 13 years we estimated that the population has a growth rate of 0.09. During the same period the onager population in the Touran Protected Complex has experienced a severe decline. The high density of onagers within the National Park indicates the unsuitability of adjacent habitats, including Bahram-e-Goor Protected Area, for this species. Lack of sufficient security and poorly distributed water sources appear to be the main reasons discouraging onagers from entering the Bahram-e-Goor Protected Area. We recommend and describe management interventions that could potentially assist in maintaining the last surviving onager populations in Iran.

scholarly journals Determination of Climate and Social Community Factors in Coronavirus Disease-19 Spread Distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 1434-1442
Author(s):  
Faradiba Faradiba ◽  
Lodewik Zet
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Government ◽  
Automatic Interaction Detector

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is very shocking to the world. Until mid-2020, this virus has not yet found a vaccine that can be produced and can be applied en mass across the country. The spread of COVID-19 differs between regions which implie that regional characteristics have an influence on the rate of growth. Regional and social climate factors are thought to have a role in the growth rate of COVID-19. AIM: This study aims to find the role of climate and social society on the spread of COVID-19. METHODS: This research uses OLS regression analysis method, and then continued with Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector analysis to find the segmentation of the role of climate and social factors on the daily growth rate of COVID-19 in positive and deceased patients. RESULTS: The results of this study state that all independent variables of the study have a significant effect on the spread of COVID-19, with R-squared values in positive and deceased patients, respectively 61.1% and 70.0%. Strategic steps are needed to carry out policies that are targeted, effective and efficient. CONCLUSION: The results of this study can be a reference for the government in determining policies to reduce the growth rate of COVID-19, by focusing on areas that have poor sanitary environment and area are on Java Island.

Evaluation of the Growth Performance of Microalgae Based on Fine pH Changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filali R ◽  
◽  
Tian H ◽  
Micheils E ◽  
Taidi B ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Photoautotrophic Growth ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Photosynthetic Microorganisms ◽  
Range Of Values

Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms with many potential applications in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and environmental industries. Currently, commercial microalgae production remains limited. Therefore, improving the growth and the culture density of the microalgae cultivation is one of the key enablers to open the way to mass production and commercialisation of these microorganisms. The effect of culture pH on the photoautotrophic growth of C. vulgaris over a large range of values has been investigated in pH-regulated cultures. For each microalgae culture, the specific growth rate, the cell density, the chlorophyll content, the intracellular carbon content and the nitrogen source consumption were monitored. Optimal growth and carbon incorporation have been observed at pH of 7.0. The fastest growth rate and highest biomass production of C. vulgaris were 0.074 h-1 and 0.896 g/L respectively. Under these conditions, a maximum carbon content of cells was 49 % (w/w).

How to Price a Share for Acquisition

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malay Kanti Roy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Target Firm ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Established Technique ◽  
A Share

Although take‐overs are becoming important means of diversification, there is no established technique which incorporates uncertainties involved and gives a range of values of a target firm which can form the basis for offering a price. Using a model of the firm's cash flows after acquisition, Malay Kanti Roy simulates the likely cash flow streams from the acquisition of India Cements for various values of the key variables such as growth rate and earnings before interest and taxes. He shows how such models and simulation analyses can help negotiators set upper and lower limits for a take-over bid.

scholarly journals Isospora albicollis (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in thrushes Turdus spp. (Passeriformes: Turdidae), in southeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irlane Faria de Pinho ◽  
Lidiane Maria da Silva ◽  
Mariana Borges Rodrigues ◽  
Mariana de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Bruno do Bomfim Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Polar Granule ◽  
Refractile Body ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Stieda Body ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
New Host ◽  
Sporocyst Residuum ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Oocyst Residuum

Abstract The aim of the present study was to report and describe Isospora albicollis Lainson and Shaw, 1989 parasitizing a white-necked thrush Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818 and a pale-breasted thrush Turdus leucomelas Vieillot, 1818 in two different localities: the Itatiaia National Park and Cacaria, in southeastern Brazil. The oocysts identified were ovoidal, 24.4 × 19.7 μm, with a smooth, bilayered wall, around 1.4 μm thick. Oocyst residuum was absent, but a micropyle and a polar granule were present. The sporocysts were ellipsoidal, 15.4 × 10.1 μm. The Stieda body was knob-like to rounded and the sub-Stieda body was prominent and wide. Sporocyst residuum was present, usually as a cluster of granules that appear to be membrane-bounded. The sporozoites were vermiform with one posterior refractile body and a centrally located nucleus. Besides recording the new host T. leucomelas, the identification of I. albicollis in the Itatiaia National Park and Cacaria, in southeastern Brazil, provide records of new localities for its parasitism, and reveals the wide distribution and dispersion of this coccidium in Brazil.

Comparing AUS-MEAT marbling scores using image analysis traits to estimate genetic parameters for marbling of Japanese Black cattle in Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakura Maeda ◽  
Joe Grose ◽  
Keisuke Kato ◽  
Keigo Kuchida
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Calculated Image

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the application of image analysis for Japanese Black cattle in Australia (Australian JB). Therefore, we assessed meat quality using an image analysis method to estimate the heritability of this trait in Australian JB. We photographed the cross-section of the 5th–6th ribs and calculated image analysis traits of 473 and 539 head of Australian JB and Australian JB sire crosses with other breeds (F1), respectively. Least square means of grading and image analysis traits were calculated. We further estimated the heritability of grading and image analysis traits of 414 head of Australian JB. The Australian Meat Industry Classification System (AUS-MEAT) marbling score (6.8) and percentage marbling area (29.2%) for Australian JB were significantly (P < 0.01) higher than those for F1 (4.7% and 19.3%, respectively). Percentage marbling area strongly correlated with the AUS-MEAT marbling score (r = 0.88), indicating that marbling can be improved using percentage marbling area as a substitute for AUS-MEAT marbling score. The head counts of AUS-MEAT marbling score increased in the Australian JB (mode value = 9). The result indicated that the AUS-MEAT marbling score lacks a sufficient range of values to evaluate a high marbling beef breed such as the Australian JB. Further, the heritability of percentage marbling area was 0.54, which is higher than the heritability of AUS-MEAT marbling score (0.23). Therefore, we conclude that determining percentage marbling area using image analysis may prove to be an effective method for improving the marbling of the Australian JB.

Physiological trade-offs associated with methyl jasmonate - induced resistance in Pinus radiata

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Gould ◽  
Tony Reglinski ◽  
Mike Spiers ◽  
Joe T. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Meja Treatment ◽  
Seedling Growth Rate ◽  
The Impact

Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) can induce defence responses in plants to pathogen attack, but it can also have consequences for plant growth. The transient effects of exogenous MeJA treatment on the resistance of Monterey pine ( Pinus radiata D. Don) seedlings to Diplodia pinea (Desm.) Kickx. and some physiological parameters affecting the impact of treatment on seedling growth were investigated. Following foliar application of 4.5 mmol·L–1 MeJA, disease resistance was greatest 1–2 weeks after treatment and declined with time thereafter. Elevated disease resistance was accompanied by a reduction in seedling growth rate the second week following MeJA treatment. Thereafter, seedling growth rate recovered and exceeded that of the control seedlings 4–5 weeks after MeJA treatment. Within hours of MeJA treatment, reductions in both the capacity of photosystem II and transpiration rate were observed, resulting in a concomitant reduction in net CO2 uptake rate. The slight reduction in transpiration rate was also associated with an increase in needle water potential. Longer term measurements showed no effect of MeJA on photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, or shoot water potential and thus could not account for the elevated growth rate observed 4–5 weeks after treatment.

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