Determination of the Optimum Rate of N Fertilizers with Addition of Goat Manure for Production of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp)

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is one of the potential substitutes of soybean due to its similar nutritional content. This study aims to determine the optimum rate of N fertilizer for the production of cowpea, and to determine the effects of the interaction between N fertilizer rates and goat manure application on cowpea production. The experiment was organized in a split-plot with a complete randomized block design with three replications. The main plot was goat manure, i.e. 0 and 5 tons.ha-1; the sub-plot was nitrogen fertilizer with five rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% of the recommended rate), i.e. 0, 22.5, 45, 67.5, and 90 kg N.ha-1. Application of N fertilizer reduced the 100-seed weight and slightly reduced cowpea yield and yield components. Application of goat manure increased seed dry weight per plant, number of pods per plant, dry pod weight per plant, seed dry weight per m2, productivity, 100-seed weight, and the harvest index. There was no significant interaction between goat manure and different rates of nitrogen in affecting cowpea growth.

Download Full-text

Genetic Divergence Analysis in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

International Journal of Agricultural Invention ◽

10.46492/ijai/2019.4.1.18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (01) ◽

pp. 106-109

Author(s):

Amit Tomar ◽

D. K. Upadhyay

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Number Of Clusters ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

Cluster Distance ◽

Farm Crop ◽

Pod Length ◽

100 Seed Weight ◽

Number Of Seeds

An experiment involving 45 genotypes/strains of mungbean was conducted during kharif 2018 at University Farm (Crop Cafeteria) of Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University (RLBCAU), Jhansi in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Data were recorded and analyzed for 10 characters viz.; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight (g) and grain yield per plant (g). All the forty five genotypes were grouped into seven different clusters using D2 statistics. Cluster-I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII had 8, 5, 4, 5, 13, 2 and 8 genotypes, respectively. The greatest inter cluster distance (297.39) was between cluster-II and cluster-V.

Download Full-text

Performances of groundnut varieties under sub-tropical climate of North East Hilly Agro-Ecological Region of India

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr.v39i2.9534 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

Author(s):

M. Datta ◽

G. S. Yadav ◽

S. Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Tropical Climate ◽

Yield Potential ◽

High Yield ◽

North East ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Stover Yield ◽

Ecological Region

North east hilly eco-region of India is characterized by highly undulating topography and fragile ecology. Here the cultivation of rice on upland and medium land is not a profitable venture to farmers. Therefore, to find out alternative crop with high yield potential cultivars a three year field study from 2008 to 2010 on agronomic evaluation of groundnut cultivars under sub-tropical climate of North East hilly Agro-ecological region was carried out. The experiment consists of fourteen groundnut cultivars (V1- ICGS-76, V2- GG-2, V3- GG-13,V4-TG 37 A, V5-FeESG-10, V6-FeESG-8,V7-K-134,V8-GG-6,V9-SB XI, V10 GG-11,V11-KAUSHAL,V12-GG-4,V13-GG-2,V14-GG-8) as treatment in randomized block design and replicated thrice. Results revealed that highest plant dry weight was produced by cultivar “KAUSHAL” (32.99 g/plant), while lowest was recorded with cultivar “FeESG-10” (16.32 g/plant). However, the highest numbers of pod (25.32) were observed with “ICGS-76”. Cultivar GG-11 had produced highest pod and seed weight (34.80 g/plant and 20.62 g/plant, respectively) as compared to other cultivars, while lowest pod and seed weight (8.96 g/plant and 6.39 g/plant, respectively) with “FeESG-8”. Maximum pod yield (2.06t/ha) was produced by GG-11 cultivars, although highest stover yield (2.37 t/ha) was produced in cultivar KAUSHAL. Cultivar GG-11 had also recorded highest shelling percentage. Therefore, it is suggested that GG-11 a better option for substituting the upland and medium land rice during kharif season for enhancing the farmer’s income.

Download Full-text

Diversity Analysis in Biofortified Inbred Lines of Maize (Zea mays L.)

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i1630531 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 115-123

Author(s):

Priyanka Jaiswal ◽

. Banshidhar ◽

Dan Singh Jakhar ◽

Rajesh Singh

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Mean Value ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Zn Concentration ◽

Cluster Distance ◽

100 Seed Weight ◽

Selection Of

Thirty biofortified inbred lines of maize were evaluated for 11 parameters to study the genetic diversity by using D2 statistics during kharif 2017in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications at Agricultural Research farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU Varanasi. In present investigation all genotypes were grouped into ten cluster. Among the different clusters of inbred lines, the cluster II with 8 inbreds emerged as the largest cluster. The intra cluster D2 value ranged from 10.82 to 44.89. The maximum intra cluster distance was observed for cluster X (D2 = 44.89). The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster V and VI (D2 = 180.90) followed by cluster V and VII (D2 = 166.10), cluster IV and V (D2 = 155.60), cluster V and VIII (D2 = 135.02) and cluster I and VI (D2 = 127.66). The maximum contribution towards divergence was due to 100 seed weight (52.18%), thus, estimates of variation in seed weight could be used as a basis for selection of distantly related parents. Highest mean value for grain yield per plant (80.8) and Zn concentration (39.53) were observed in cluster IV, while the highest mean value for 100 seed weight was found in cluster V. Therefore, these clusters prove to be of prime importance for selection of parents in hybridization programme aimed at higher yield along with enhanced grain Zn concentration.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Ammonium Nitrate Ratio and Support Types on the NPK Uptake and Growth of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in Field Conditions

Poljoprivreda ◽

10.18047/poljo.27.2.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 25-33

Author(s):

Issukindarsyah Issukindarsyah ◽

◽

Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽

DidikIndradewa Indradewa ◽

Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Black Pepper ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Piper Nigrum ◽

Pepper Plant ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Npk Uptake

The study’s objective was to determine the effect of the NO3-: NH4+ratio and types of support on NPK uptake and pepper plant growth in field conditions. The study used a completely randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was the type of support, being the deadwood and living supports in the form of Gliricidia sp. and Ceiba pentandra. The second factor was the ratio of N fertilizer forms, which were 100% NO3-, 100% NH4+, 50% NO3-:50% NH4+, 75% NO3-:25% NH4+ and 25% NO3-:75% NH4+. The results have demonstrated that the uptake of N, P, and K, as well as the plant growth, were not affected by the interaction of the N fertilizer form ratio with the types of support. In field conditions, the black pepper prefers the N fertilizer in the form of 50% NO3-:50% NH4+. The pepper plants that were given N fertilizer in a combination of 50% NO3-:50% NH4+ have demonstrated an N, P, and K uptake, and morphology and plant dry weight were higher than the ratio of other forms of N fertilizers.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR NASA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANAMAN JATI PUTIH (Gmelina arborea Roxb)

AGRICA ◽

10.37478/agr.v6i1.422 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 10-22

Author(s):

Josina Irene Brigetha Hutubessy

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Optimum Dosage ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Seed Growth ◽

Number Of Leaves

This research aims to determine the effect of concentration of organic fertilizer Super NASA to the growth of seeds of white teak and to know the optimum dosage of organic fertilizer Super NASA can increase the growth of NASA plant seed white teak. The design used in this study was a Randomized Block Design with the treatment used is N0: without fertilizer Super NASA NASA, N1: Fertilizer NASA7 .5 ml seeds-1, N2: Fertilizer NASA 15 ml seeds-1, N3: Fertilizer NASA 22.5 ml seeds-1, N4: Fertilizer NASA 30 ml seeds-1. Variable observation in this study is the height of the plant, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight tan-1, fresh and dry weight oven tan-1. The results showed that the granting of Fertilizer NASA exerted a highly significant effect on the height of plant (23,65%), the number of leaves is not significant, leaf area (53,61%), fresh weight tan-1 (60,89%) and dry weight tan-1 (55,43%). The optimum dosage of Fertilizers NASA give the seed growth of white teak is best on the seed-1is 30 ml.

Download Full-text

NITROGEN RATES AND RESIDUAL EFFECT OF CO-INOCULATION OF SOYBEAN ON MAIZE PLANTS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252020v33n306rc ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 633-643

Author(s):

AUREANE CRISTINA TEIXEIRA FERREIRA CÂNDIDO ◽

MARCO ANTONIO CAMILLO DE CARVALHO ◽

RICARDO ADRIANO FELITO ◽

ADRIANO MALTEZO DA ROCHA ◽

OSCAR MITSUO YAMASHITA

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Dry Weight ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maize Plants ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Fertilizer Rates

ABSTRACT Co-inoculation consists of using microorganism combinations with synergic effect that surpass the results obtained with their use alone. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of inoculation and co-inoculation on soybean plants, and their residual effect on maize plants grown intercropped with ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis), under different N fertilizer rates. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the Mato Grosso State University, Alta Floresta campus, in a Typic Hapludox. A randomized block design was used for the soybean crops; the treatments consisted of Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculated single, or co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense, with 20 replications. A randomized block design in a strip-plot arrangement was used for the winter maize-ruzigrass intercrop (WMRI); the treatments consisted of combination of residual effect of inoculation and co-inoculation in the strips, and five N fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1) in plots with WMRI, with four replications. The co-inoculation of soybean seeds and its residual effect on the maize crops increased the root dry weight of plants of both crops; however, no increases were found for most vegetative and reproductive characteristics of maize plants. Yield and most characteristics evaluated had increasing linear responses to increases in N rates, indicating the plants could respond to rates above 200 kg ha-1.

Download Full-text

Responses of Several Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) Cultivars to Second Nitrogen Fertilization at Early Reproductive Stage

AGROSAINSTEK Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian ◽

10.33019/agrosainstek.v1i2.9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 68-73

Author(s):

Sosiawan Nusifera ◽

JS Simanjuntak ◽

MS Fitriani

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Reproductive Stage ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Significance Level ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Four Levels ◽

Pod Number

Research aimed to know responses of several mungbean cultivars to second nitrogen fertilization at early reproductive stage and find the best dose for each cultivar, was conducted in experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture, Jambi University started from January 2016 until March 2016. This was a factorial experiment arranged in randomized block design with two replications. The first factor was mungbean cultivars comprised four levels namely ‘Betet’,’Walet’, ‘Parkit’, ‘Perkutut’ and the second factor was second nitrogen fertilization comprised three levels namely without second fertilization, 30 kg N ha-1 , 40 kg N ha-1 , 50 kg N ha-1 . Variables observed were period of reproductive stage (days), number of pod per plant, number of filled pod per plant, seed weight per plant (g), and 1000 seed weight (g). Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance continued with LSD test with significance level of 5%. Results indicated that there were different responses among four mungbean cultivars to second nitrogen fertilization at early reproductive stage, especially on variables of filled pod number per plant and seed weight per plant. Best dose for each cultivar was 40 kg N ha-1 for ‘Walet’ and 30 kg N ha-1 for Parkit, whereas on cultivar ‘Betet’ and ‘Perkutut’, second N fertilization seemed to have no significant effect.

Download Full-text

Associations Between Herbicides and Glyphosate in Agronomic Performance of RR2 Intact Soybean

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582018360100015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (0) ◽

Author(s):

V.J.S. CESCO ◽

A.J.P. ALBRECHT ◽

D.M. RODRIGUES ◽

F.H. KRENCHINSKI ◽

L.P. ALBRECHT

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Final Height ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Yield Data ◽

Roundup Ready ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Chlorimuron Ethyl ◽

100 Seed Weight

ABSTRACT: The Roundup Ready (RR) soybean was developed for weed control with the use of glyphosate. Some herbicide combinations with glyphosate has been used in weed control and some effects of this practice may be undesirable in the agronomic performance of RR soybean. The present study evaluated the agronomic performance of RR2 intact soybean applied with associations between herbicides and glyphosate at post-emergence, in two experiments conducted in two municipalities in the state of Paraná, Palotina and Marechal Cândido Rondon. This experiment consisted of seven treatments in a randomized block design with four replications, totaling 28 plots for each municipality. The cultivar used in both experiments was Monsoy 6210 Intact RR2 IPROTM. The variables analyzed were: phytotoxicity at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application, chlorophyll A, B and total chlorophyll, final height, number of pods, 100 seed weight and yield. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey’s test at 5%. There were differences between treatments for phytotoxicity in both locations and differences in yield (Palotina) and final height (Marechal Cândido Rondon). From the data it is understood that some associations of certain herbicides such as lactofen, chlorimuron-ethyl in the glyphosate can potentiating effect cause phytotoxicity and even reduction in productivity.

Download Full-text

Selection of Cowpea Lines for Multiple Traits by GYT Biplot Analysis

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i2.16003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 124

Author(s):

Derivaldo Pureza da Cruz ◽

Tâmara Rebecca Albuquerque de Oliveira ◽

Andréa Barros Silva Gomes ◽

Camila Queiroz da Silva Sanfim de Sant'Anna ◽

Lília Marques Gravina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Multiple Traits ◽

R Software ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Productive Potential ◽

Pod Length ◽

100 Seed Weight ◽

Selection Of

Cowpea is an African legume that was introduced to Brazil by Portuguese settlers in the mid-16th century. The productive potential of this crop may fluctuate depending on its environment. The objective of the present study was to select cowpea lines with high grain yield coupled with other traits of agronomic interest, such as good adaptability and stability, by the GYT biplot methodology. Twelve lines were evaluated in the years 2016 and 2017 in the municipality of Bom Jesus de Itabapoana, Brazil, in a randomized-block design with four replicates and two cultivars, which were used as controls. The following variables were evaluated: number of days to flowering, final stand, crop value, lodging, pod weight, pod length, seed number per pod, seed weight per pod, 100-seed weight (100SW), and grain yield. Analysis of variance was performed and GYT biplots were constructed using R software and the ggplot2 package. The GYT biplot graph analysis allowed for the selection of superior cowpea genotypes. In the combinations of traits observed, lines L1, L3, L5, L6, L8, and L9 were superior and cultivar Imponente stood out as one of the controls. The yield combinations GY*CV, GY*NDF, GY*LDG, GY*CV, GY*PW, GY*SNP and GY*P100G were positively correlated with each other but showed negative to highly negative correlations with GY*SWP and GY*TS.

Download Full-text

Allelopathic potential of siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L.) extract for enhancing soybean productivity

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/922/1/012003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 922 (1) ◽

pp. 012003

Author(s):

H Hasanuddin ◽

S Hafsah ◽

G Erida ◽

A Marliah ◽

H Bahri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Soybean Plant ◽

Chromolaena Odorata ◽

Plant Weight ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors

Abstract Many tropical invasive species have strong allelopathic effects. Chromolaena odorata is reported to have the best potential to act as bioherbicide against several weeds on crops. This research was conducted in May-September 2019 to evaluate the efficacy of C. odorata extract on soybean plant. This study employed Randomized Block Design (RBD) Factorial with two factors. The first factor was 4 different doses of C. odorata extracts: 0, 8, 16 and 24 tons ha−1. The second factor was 3 different times of application: 0, 7 and 14 days after planting. Variables observed were number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds and dry seed yield. The findings indicated that the extract did have effect on seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds and yield of dry seeds. The application of extract 16-24 tons ha−1 has improved the seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and yield of dry seeds. There was no interaction between siam weed extract and time of application in all variables observed.

Download Full-text