scholarly journals The Competitiveness of Indonesian Crude Palm Oil in International Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Daeng Ahmad Fakhrian Zuhdi ◽  
Muhammad Faisyal Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Sri Wahyudi Suliswanto ◽  
Setyo Tri Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
International Market ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Export Volume

The purpose of this study was to know the competitiveness of Indonesia’s CPO exports in the world and strategies to increase Indonesia’s CPO competitiveness. The required data is secondary data from the report of CPO export in Indonesia in 1993-2017. This research-based on the background by the issue of palm oil discrimination by the European Union, where Europe is one of Indonesia’s main CPO export destinations. This research uses a qualitative-quantitative approach, analysis with a quantitative approach is used to analyze the comparative advantage of Indonesia’s palm oil in the international market used RCA. Analysis with a qualitative approach is used to analyze which strategies will be used to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian palm oil. The results of the study show that in 2017 export performance of Indonesia’s palm oil increased. It showed by the value of RCA>1 which is 55,47 and an average of 37,22, Indonesia has the competitiveness of palm oil because of the increased export volume of palm oil to the major importer countries, such as India, Pakistan, and Europe. Indonesia’s still competitive in Europe and Asia’s market based on the average value of the RCA index.

scholarly journals KAJIAN KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH INDONESIA DALAM PERDAGANGAN CPO INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN ANALISIS INTEGRASI PASAR

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-170
Author(s):  
Dian Hafizah
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
International Market ◽  
Spot Market ◽  
World Market ◽  
Product Diversification ◽  
Price Formation ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Price Determination ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is one of important commodity for Indonesia. Indonesia is the biggest producers of CPO in the world, and the second exporter after Malaysia.  Despite the fact that Indonesia and Malaysia are mayor CPO exporters, CPO traders determine CPO price in spot market. As a result, Indonesian and Malaysian producers often face price volatilites. Indonesian traders do not have bargaining power in the price determination. On other hands, domestik demands for CPO grow up.  For that reason,  The Indonesian goverment must take a policy to guarantee the fulfilment of CPO needs.  The objective of research are (1) to describe the Indonesian policy in CPO trade that integrated with World market in Rotterdam and Malaysian Market and (2) to formulate the policy implication of CPO price formation in Indonesia. The research showed that Indonesia act as price taker, this is because Indonesian goverment has no bargaining power to determine price in domestic - and international market. To solving the problem is important for goverment to develop CPO’s future market and create product diversification for CPO. Keywords: Crude Palm Oil, Goverment Policy, Price, Integration market  

scholarly journals ANALISIS PANGSA PASAR DAN DAYA SAING CPO INDONESIA DI UNI EROPA

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Dian Widyaningtyas ◽  
Tri Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Italian Market ◽  
Oil Exports ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Producer Country ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Msi Analysis

Commodities of palm oil play a strategic role in the Indonesia’s economy. In this study we concern on the competitiveness of Indonesia’s Crude Palm Oil (CPO) industry and effectiveness of the potential market for Indonesia’s CPO in Uni Europe (UE). The utilization of CPO as biofuels, encouraging an significant increased of demand for CPO in UE. This study is also addressed to determine the Indonesian CPO performance among other palm oil producer country. We used the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and market share index (MSI) methods in analysing the competitiveness level. Our results showed, in 2014, export performance of Indonesia’s CPO increased. It was showed by the value of RCA>1. Indonesia has competitiveness of CPO, because of the increased export volume of CPO and it’s derivates product to the major importer countries, such as UE. However, the average of RCA analysis in 2007-2014 indicate the lower performanceof Indonesia’s CPO exports compared to the other main CPO exporter, Malaysia. Thus, from the MSI analysis we found that Italy is a potential market for Indonesia’s palm oil exports, based on the fact that Indonesia’s CPO dominated the Italian market in the last seven years. The value of Indonesia’s market share was far above the competitor.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DAYA SAING EKSPOR MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT (CPO) SUMATERA UTARA DI INDONESIA

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Faoeza Hafiz Saragih ◽  
Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto ◽  
Masyhuri Masyhuri
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Potential Land

This study aims to : (1) CPO export trends and projections in North Sumatera (2) CPO export competitiveness of North Sumatera in Indonesia (3) factors that affect CPO export in North Sumatera. This research based on the background tat CPO export volume in North Sumatera which is now well below Riau Province, where previously the province of North Sumatera is Indonesia’s largest palm oil exporter.The data used are secondary data to the time period of the years 1980-2010. Data collecting obtained from BPS, Ministry of Agriculture and KPB PTPN. The analyze used model equation  of least square to see the trends and projections 10 year lstr; RCA and AR index used to see competitiveness and ordinary least square (OLS) model used to see the factors that affected CPO export of North Sumatra.The result of study show that: (1) North Sumatera CPO export trend for 1980-2010 was positive and projections export for ten years later increased with average growth 4.649 percent, (2) North Sumatera still competitive in Indonesian CPO exports based on the average value of the RCA index 13.24905 but with weak growths as indicated by the AR index of 0.232 caused by the potential land was small, production growth was slowly, the low productivity and the transfer of export port by exporters, (3) North Sumatra CPO exports affected positively by Doller exchange rate against Rupiah and negatively affected by the value of the RCA index.

scholarly journals Observing European Union Rejection of Indonesia's Crude Palm Oil Exports from the Most Favored Nation and Quantitative Restriction Principles

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 905
Author(s):  
Atik KRUSTIYATI ◽  
Sylvia JANISRIWATI ◽  
Novela CHRISTINE ◽  
Mokhamad Khoirul HUDA
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Most Favored Nation ◽  
Quantitative Restriction ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change

Crude palm oil is one of the main commodities exported by Indonesia to several countries, including European Union. The European Union has pushed through several laws regarding climate change, including the Renewable Energy Directive II. The regulation supplementing the Renewable Energy Directive II has also been adopted by the European Commission, making the criteria for determining the high indirect land-use change-risk feedstock in Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/807. The objective of this paper is to observe if the measure taken by European Union on determining the indirect land-use change-risk feedstock has satisfied the existing WTO trade principles, the principle of most favored nation and the principle of quantitative restriction. The determining criteria in Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/807 is trade restrictive and discriminating to the export of crude palm oil, as crude palm oil is the only feedstock that falls under the criteria of high indirect land-use change-risk feedstock. The regulation has impact for the consumption of crude palm oil in Member states of European Union should be gradually reduced 0% by 2030 at the latest.  As the provision on General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade embodies the principle of non-discrimination, the result of the study shows the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/807 has violated the international trade principles. Furthermore, the general exceptions of GATT 1994 contained in Article XX (b) also doesn’t justify the measure.

scholarly journals Hubungan Karakter terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara Mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi di Politeknik Mandiri Bina Prestasi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Sinta Diana Martaulina ◽  
Selvie Sianipar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
College Level ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Speaking Skills

Abstract: This study aims to make speaking skills that contain character values ​​such as honesty, responsibility, love and respect for others at the college level such as polytechnics. The approach used is a quantitative approach and a qualitative approach. Used to describe the character and speaking skills of students, while a qualitative approach is used to approach speaking skills in interviews. The object of research is students of the AK-2A class of Accounting Study Program which means 34 people in the 2018-2019 academic year (even). The analysis technique in this research is the product statistical analysis of the Karl Person moment. The average character score of the students was 57.85. This value indicates that the character of the student is not good. The average value of student skills skills 71.24 (71%). This value indicates that the students' speaking skills are good. The correlation between characters and speaking skills is 0.370 and significant at 0.05 levels, because the smaller count is significant than the significant tables, the significant 0.031 < 0.05 is significant. In other words, the influence of character on speaking skills is 37%, while the influence of other factors is 63%. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan agar keterampilan berbicara mengandung nilai-nilai karakter seperti kejujuran, bertanggung jawab, memiliki rasa cinta serta menghargai orang lain di tingkat perguruan tinggi seperti politeknik. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuntitatif dan pendekatan kualitatif. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan karakter dan keterampilan berbicara mahasiswa, sedangkan pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk melihat keterampilan berbicara dalam praktik wawancara. Objek penelitian yaitu mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi kelas AK-2A  yang berjumlah 34 orang Tahun akademik 2018-2019 (genap). Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis statistik korelasi product momen dari Karl Person. Nilai rata-rata karakter mahasiswa berjumlah 57,85. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa karakter mahasiswa kurang baik. Nilai rata-rata keterampilan berbicara mahasiswa berjumlah 71,24 (71%). Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan berbicara mahasiswa sudah baik. Korelasi antara karakter dengan keterampilan berbicara sebesar 0,370 dan signifikan pada tarap 0,05, karena lebih kecil signifikan hitung dari pada signifikan tabel yaitu signifikan hitung 0,031 < 0,05 signifikan tabel. Dengan kata lain pengaruh karakter terhadap keterampilan berbicara sebesar 37%, sedangkan pengaruh faktor lain sebesar 63%.

scholarly journals Analisis Rantai Pasok (Supply Chain) pada Produk Minyak Kelapa Sawit

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazaruddin Matondang ◽  
Irwan Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Market ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Increasing Demand

Komoditas minyak kelapa sawit merupakan komoditas unggulan di Indonesia dan 60% produk minyak kelapa sawit atau Crude Palm Oil (CPO) telah diekspor. Indonesia menjadi negara terbesar yang mengekspor CPO dan menguasai sekitar 62% pangsa pasar dunia. Namun, Indonesia menghadapi hambatan dalam melaksanakan ekspor CPO sehingga menyebabkan pelemahan neraca perdagangan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hambatan yang terjadi dan memetakan rantai pasok dalam proses produksi CPO, serta menganalisisnya. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode Food Supply Chain Networking (FSCN) yang dilakukan terhadap 24 perusahaan. Pengumpulan data primer diperoleh melalui informasi secara langsung, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari dokumen/ publikasi/ laporan penelitian dari dinas/instansi maupun sumber data pendukung lainnya. Selanjutnya data diolah dan dilanjutkan dengan metode Porters Diamond. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa hambatan dari regulasi dan adanya kampanye negatif, serta peningkatan biaya impor. Penyebaran perkebunan dan teknologi yang tidak merata dalam negeri juga berkontribusi terhadap menurunnya ekspor produk ini. Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengambil inisiatif untuk menangani hal tersebut, yaitu dengan memenuhi beberapa syarat yang diajukan oleh negara-negara importir berupa hak paten, sertifikasi dan jaminan, bahkan dengan cara hilirisasi produk minyak sawit. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dan didukung dengan permintaan CPO yang terus meningkat, diperkirakan CPO akan terserap baik di pasar dalam negeri maupun pasar luar negeri.   Palm oil is a leading commodity in Indonesia and 60% of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) products have been exported. Indonesia is the largest country exporting CPO and controlling around 62% of the world market share. However, Indonesia faces obstacles in carrying out CPO exports, causing a weakening of the trade balance in recent years. This research was conducted to determine the obstacles that occur and map the supply chain in the CPO production process, and analyze it. In this study the Food Supply Chain Networking (FSCN) method was conducted on 24 companies. Primary data collection is obtained through direct information, while secondary data is obtained from documents / publications / research reports from agencies / agencies and other supporting data sources. Then the data is processed and continued with the Porters Diamond method. The results showed that there were some obstacles from regulation and the existence of a negative campaign, as well as an increase in import costs. The uneven distribution of plantations and technology in the country also contributed to the decline in exports of these products. The Indonesian government has taken the initiative to deal with this, namely by fulfilling several conditions proposed by importing countries in the form of patents, certifications and guarantees, even by way of downstreaming palm oil products. Based on this and supported by the increasing demand for CPO, it is estimated that CPO will be absorbed in both the domestic and foreign markets. 

scholarly journals Hambatan Ekspor Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Indonesia ke Uni Eropa pasca Kebijakan Renewable Energy Directive (RED)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-155
Author(s):  
Jevon Natashya
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
European Union Countries

Beside Malaysia, Indonesia is also one of the largest Crude Palm Oil (CPO) producer and exporter in the world. European Union is one of Indonesia’s trading partner and the biggest importer of CPO that used for the biofuel production, especially the biodiesel for transportation sector. But, in 2009, European Union released the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) that required all members to used renewable energy for every sector with the minimum requirement 20% for general sectors and 10% for transportation sectors. While this policy will make the European Union countries used the clean energy, RED became a new kind of NonTariff barriers for Indonesia’s CPO that become an important commodity from Indonesia. This paper will explain by the theory of International Political Economy (IPE) by focused into the Neo-Mercantilism to the analysis of Non-Tariff barriers that used by European Union for the CPO import into Indonesia. Besides that, the writer also used a National Interest concept to explain the importance of CPO for Indonesia and European Union Countries that agreed with the RED.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN RENEWABLE ENERGY DIRECTIVE OLEH UNI EROPA UNTUK MENEKANKAN PENOLAKAN IMPOR CRUDE PALM OIL INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-114
Author(s):  
Herry Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
International Law ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

Uni Eropa (UE) merupakan lembaga yang paling diakui dan dipercaya didunia dalam kaitannya terhadap “Ekolabel” yang dikenal sebagai label yang mengidentifikasi preferensi lingkungan dari keseluruhan produk (barang atau jasa) dalam kategori produk berdasarkan pertimbangan siklus hidup, meskipun UE bersifat sukarela, ratusan perusahaan di seluruh Eropa telah bergabung terkait daya saing dan komitmen UE terhadap lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, Uni Eropa memiliki mekanisme kebijakan yang kompleks dan rumit. Mekanisme kebijakan eco-labelling meliputi serangkaian persyaratan serta alur birokratis yang harus dipenuhi agar suatu produk dapat mendapatkan izin untuk beredar dalam wilayah yurisdiksi Uni Eropa. Renewable Energy Directive (RED) merupakaN salah satu mekanisme yang dikeluarkan oleh Uni Eropa terhadap produk CPO Indonesia yang berdampak terhadap menurunnya ekspor produk CPO Indonesia ke kawasan tersebut. Tulisan ini akan membahas RED sebagai mekanisme yang menekankan CPO Indonesia untuk tidak dapat masuk ke Uni Eropa dalam perspektif Hukum Internasional. Tulisan ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil dari tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan RED oleh Uni Eropa digunakan sebagai alat penekan untuk produk CPO Indonesia yang akan di ekspor ke kawasan tersebut. Kata Kunci: Crude palm Oil (CPO), Indonesia, International Law, Renewable Energy Directive (RED), The European Union.

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