scholarly journals Kajian Biofisik Lahan Untuk Tanaman Porang Sebagai Anasir Konservasi Pada Sistem Agroforestri Di Pulau Lombok

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
IGM Kusnarta ◽  
Mahrup Mahrup ◽  
Padusung Padusung ◽  
I Nym Soemeinaboedhy ◽  
Fahrudin Fahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil And Water

Agricultural land in North Lombok is dominated by a typology of sub-optimal land, physically, chemically and biologically. These properties make it vulnerable to degradation. In such land, agroforestry system is highly recommended, where the porang plant can be included as a component. Nowdays, porang is gaining popularity as a commodity with economic value, and is suitable as an intercropping plant. It is easy to grow on almost all types of soil, and is resistant to shade, making it adaptive to agroforestry systems as non-timber under standing plants in community forest systems. It is believed that this will provide multiple benefits economicly and environmentaly, if it accompanied by the principles of soil and water conservation. The role of porang as a conservative agent has been investigated through a scientific approach as the basis for the domistication of porang in agroforestry systems. The results showed that agroforestry with porang could help improve the stability of the soil aggregates as indicated by the soil aggregate stability index 59 which means rather stable. Soil moisture of wilting point in agroforestry system with porang increased from 3.0% (without porang) to 5.4%. In addition, the soil organic matter content increased to 3.94% (quite high) on the system with porang because the stems and leaves of porang plant are quickly weathered. The ground cover is relatively tight, so it can prevent soil erosion. Porang also play a role in increasing water infiltration due to the presence of porang’s roots and tubers. Thus the domistication of porang fulfills the requirements as an agent of soil conservation, as non-timber plant in the agroforestry system, if it is cultivated according to the principles of soil and water conservation on the typology of sub-optimal land in North Lombok. 

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Community-Based Soil and Water Conservation in Improving Soil Property in Damota Area, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mamush Masha ◽  
Teshome Yirgu ◽  
Mulugeta Debele ◽  
Mengie Belayneh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil And Water

Soil and water conservation (SWC) is being advocated as an integral part of agricultural land management as it not only controls/minimizes soil erosion but also restores/rehabilitates the degraded lands. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of soil and water conservation practices in improving soil fertility in the agricultural landscapes of the Damota area, southern Ethiopia. Forty-eight soil samples (both disturbed and core samples) were collected from the conserved and adjacent nonconserved plots. The significance analysis test was performed using analysis of variance. The result of the study showed that higher mean values of soil physicochemical properties were observed in the conserved plot than its nonconserved counterpart. The mean differences of organic carbon, total nitrogen, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable K+ and Ca2+ between conserved and nonconserved plots were statistically significant at the P < 0.01 level. Besides, available phosphorous and bulk density were significant at P < 0.05 , but the effect of SWC practices was not found significant on soil texture, soil pH, and exchangeable Na+ and Mg2+ content of the soil in the Damota area. Community-based soil and water conservation practices have improved the soil fertility in agricultural landscapes, although significant results have been observed in some fertility indicators. Therefore, strengthening the implementation of conservation measures by participating in all stakeholders is recommended. Supporting physical structures by agronomic and vegetative measures and continued maintenance can bring better results.

scholarly journals Effects of Soil and Water Conservation Practices on Runoff, Sediment and Nutrient Losses

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuguo Han ◽  
Gary Feng ◽  
Ying Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Fish Scale ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Bare Land ◽  
Runoff Sediment ◽  
Soil And Water

Rainfall is a major dynamic source of soil erosion and nutrient loss on slopes. Soil and water conservation practices and agricultural activities can change the soil surface morphology and thus affect erosion and nutrient losses. This study focused on the effects of several typical soil and water conservation practices and agricultural land, for the purpose of: (1) determining how these practices prevent erosion and nutrient loss and identifying the hydrodynamic mechanisms; and (2) determining the application conditions for different practices. Runoff, sediment, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in fish-scale pits, agricultural land, narrow terraces, shrub cover and bare land, under rainfall events in rainy seasons (from May to November) during the 2010–2015 period, were monitored. Slope hydrodynamic mechanisms and application conditions of these practices were also investigated. The results showed that compared with bare land, fish-scale pits performed the best in preventing runoff, sediment, TN and TP, followed by 30% shrub coverage, narrow terraces and agricultural land, successively. Total runoff, sediment, TN and TP losses in fish-scale pits site were 19.70%, 2.03%, 10.10% and 35.97% of those in bare land of the same area, respectively. Soil and water conservation practices could change the hydraulic characteristics of slopes, decrease Re (Reynolds) and Fr (Froude) numbers, thereby decreasing runoff, sediment, TN and TP losses. Fish-scale pits were suitable for the areas with small single rainfall and good water permeability. When rainfall was greater than 60 mm, narrow terraces had highest efficiency in reducing sediment loss; therefore, they were suitable for the areas with relatively high rainfall intensity and soils similar to the sandy loams of the study area. As to the practice of covering land with plants, the effect was sustainable due to the plants’ long-term growth. Agricultural land was not recommended since the losses on it were relatively higher due to the impact of human activities. In reality, these practices may be applied in combination so as to effectively control water, soil and nutrient losses.

scholarly journals Improving soil and water conservation and ecosystem services by sustainable soil management practices: From a global to an Italian soil partnership

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Filiberto Altobelli ◽  
Ronald Vargas ◽  
Giuseppe Corti ◽  
Carmelo Dazzi ◽  
Luca Montanarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Sustainable Soil Management ◽  
Soil And Water

The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) identify the need to restore degraded soils in order to improve productivity and the provision of ecosystem services. The aim is to support food production, store and supply clean water, conserve biodiversity, sequester carbon, and improve soil resilience in a context of climate change. Within this framework, in order to achieve the SDGs and to correct land management in the long-term, soil management is considered mandatory. The reduction of land degradation should be based on various sustainable soil management practices that improve and maintain soil organic matter levels, increase water infiltration, and improve soil water management. This technical review - a policy paper - summarizes the sustainable and territorial impact of soil degradation, including soil water erosion, from the global level to the European and National levels. Furthermore, with the aim of sharing ongoing soil and water management actions, instruments, and initiatives, we provide information on soil and water conservation activities and prospects in Italy.

Indigenous soil and water conservation techniques: effects on runoff, erosion, and crop yields under semi-arid conditions

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. C. Wakindiki ◽  
M. Ben-Hur
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Soil And Water

A joint contribution from the Department of Soil Science, Egerton University, PO Box 536, Njoro, Kenya, and the Agricultural Research Organization, the Volcani Center, Israel, No. 603/01, 2001 series. Smallholder farmers in arid and semi-arid regions use indigenous soil and water conservation (ISWC) techniques, such as trash lines and stone lines spaced about 15 m apart across the slope. This work evaluated the effects of size of trash lines and decreasing the space between trash or stone lines to 2 m on runoff, erosion, and corn and cowpea yields. Big trash line (BTL), small trash line (STL), and stone line (SL) techniques, and a control (no ISWC technique) were evaluated in 12 runoff plots (2 by 6 m each) with 10% slope in a semi-arid area in Kenya, during 5 consecutive rainy seasons. The ISWC techniques significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased runoff and soil loss, and increased corn and cowpea yields, compared with the control treatment in most of the rainy seasons. The BTL was, in general, the most effective technique; no consistent differences were found between the STL and SL techniques. In BTL, STL, SL, and control, the seasonal average runoff for each treatment was 25, 31, 29, and 51 mm, respectively; the seasonal average soil loss was 0.23, 0.33, 0.3, and 0.67 Mg/ha, respectively; and the seasonal average biomass (grain and stover of corn and cowpea) was 4.8, 4.0, 4.0, and 2.5 Mg/ha, respectively. The seasonal biomass increased linearly and significantly (P ≤ 0.01) with increasing water infiltration. As more water infiltrated, more water was available for crop production, and the yield was higher. trash lines, stone lines, steep land, seal formation.

scholarly journals Analysis of soil and water conservation practices by community throughout the Upper Citarum River Watershed: motivational, technical and institutional aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 917 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
H W Perkasa ◽  
F Nurfatriani ◽  
S Astana ◽  
Erwidodo
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Soil And Water ◽  
Local Farmers

Abstract Forest degradation in the Upper Citarum Watershed requires an approach to changing farming patterns that applies techniques of soil and water conservation. The objective of the paper is to examine the extent to which the community in the Upper Citarum Watershed has practiced soil and water conservation techniques in its farming practices, as well as institutional support and community motivation in the application of the conservation practices. This study used a survey of 499 farmers to collect data in Bandung and West Bandung districts. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic analysis. Results of the study indicate that the soil and water conservation practices have been implemented by 45% of the farm household. The households practicing conservation techniques have higher revenue compared to those who not practicing. The sources of information that households learned come from fellow local farmers, while the most reasons motivating households to practice soil and water conservations are to prevent erosion and improve water supply. The local Agriculture and Forestry Service Offices and Watershed Agency are the dominant sources of assistance with the form of assistance are either materials or training. This study recommends improving spatial planning, providing market incentives and assistance, and supporting the agroforestry system.

Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil Collected from Chandrabhaga River in Kalmeshwar, Nagpur, Maharashtra

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Amita M Watkar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Attributes ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Agricultural Land Management ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Soil, itself means Soul of Infinite Life. Soil is the naturally occurring unconsolidated or loose covering on the earth’s surface. Physical properties depend upon the amount, size, shape, arrangement, and mineral composition of soil particles. It also depends on the organic matter content and pore spaces. Chemical properties depend on the Inorganic and organic matter present in the soil. Soils are the essential components of the environment and foundation resources for nearly all types of land use, besides being the most important component of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, assessment of soil quality and its direction of change with time is an ideal and primary indicator of sustainable agricultural land management. Soil quality indicators refer to measurable soil attributes that influence the capacity of a soil to function, within the limits imposed by the ecosystem, to preserve biological productivity and environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health. The present study is to assess these soil attributes such as physical and chemical properties season-wise.

UPAYA MEMPERTAHANKAN BUNGA DAN FRUIT SET TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annum L.) PADA LAHAN ULTISOL MELALUI PEMBERIAN LUMPUR LAUT DAN PUPUK KANDANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Imelda J Lawalatta ◽  
Francina Matulessy ◽  
Meitty L Hehanussa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Factor Effect ◽  
Marine Mud

Chili (Capsicum annum L.) often experience the highest price fluctuations in Indonesia. This is caused by the production that is often disrupted in certain months, especially in the months in the rainy season due to flowers and fruits that fall before the harvest. Since agricultural land has changed its function for infrastructure development, marginal land (Ultisol) is used. The ultisol problem is: high acidity, low organic matter content, nutrient deficiency important for plants (eg N, P, Ca, Mg and Mo) and high solubility of Al, Fe and Mn. The provision of organic materials such as manure and marine mud will overcome the problem of acid-rich mineral soil and play an important role in improving, increased and maintaining sustainable land productivity. Research results for chili flower significantly. the highest number of flowers found in the treatment of L0P3, L1P2, L1P3 and L2P3 that is > 60 flower/plant. There was a single factor effect for the amount of fruit, mostly found in L3 treatment (600 ton/ha marine mud) that is 22.36 fruit/plant. The treatment of manure significantly influenced the formation of the most fruit set in the treatment of P0 and P2 (without manure and manure 20 ton/ha) that is 77.60% and 70.,45%. Keywords: Ultisol, Marine mud, Manure, Flowers and Fruit sets   ABSTRAK Tanaman cabai besar (Capsicum annum L.) sering mengalami fluktuasi harga paling tinggi di Indonesia. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh produksi yang sering terganggu pada bulan tertentu terutama pada bulan-bulan di musim penghujan dikarenakan bunga dan buah yang rontok sebelum panen. Karena lahan pertanian banyak beralih fungsinya untuk pembangunan infrastuktur, maka digunakan lahan marginal (Ultisol). Masalah ultisol ialah: kemasaman tinggi, kadar bahan organik yang rendah, kekurangan unsur hara penting bagi tanaman (contoh: N, P, Ca, Mg dan Mo) serta tingginya kelarutan Al, Fe dan Mn. Pemberian bahan organik seperti pupuk kandang dan Lumpur laut akan mengatasi persoalan tanah mineral masam berkadar Al tinggi dan berperan penting dalam memperbaiki, meningkatkan serta mempertahankan produktifitas lahan secara berkelanjutan Hasil Penelitian untuk jumlah bunga cabai berpengaruh signifikan. jumlah bunga terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan L0P3, L1P2, L1P3 dan L2P3 yaitu > 60 bunga/tanaman. Terjadi pengaruh faktor tunggal untuk jumlah buah, terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan L3 ( 600 ton/ha lumpur laut) yaitu 22,36 buah/tanaman. Perlakuan pupuk kandang berpengaruh signifikan Pembentukan fruit set terbanyak pada perlakuan P0 dan P2 (tanpa pupuk kandang dan pupuk kandang 20 ton/ha) yaitu 77,60% dan 70,45%. Kata kunci: Ultisol, Lumpur Laut, Pupuk Kandang, Bunga dan Fruit set

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