scholarly journals ACUTE APPENDICITIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (09) ◽  
pp. 1212-1216
Author(s):  
Abdul Salam Memon ◽  
Shahida Khatoon ◽  
Riaz Ahmed Memon ◽  
Afzal Junejo
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
P Value ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objectives: To study mean platelet volume (MPV) in acute appendicitis andits correlation with leukocyte count. Study Design: Case control study Place and Duration:Department of Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro/Hyderabadfrom January 2013 to February 2014. Subjects and Methods: Subjects with clinical suspicionof acute appendicitis were selected according inclusion and exclusion criteria. A sample of 49acute appendicitis patients and 37 controls were studied. The Blood samples were collected insodium citrate vacutainers and processed on Sysmex KX 21 analyzers. The main analysis wasthe comparison of the difference of MPV between acute appendicitis and controls. Data wasanalyzed on SPSS version 21.0 by student’s t-test, Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation (r)was used to evaluate association of MPV with platelet counts and leukocytes. A p-value of ≤0.05was taken significant. Results: The mean platelet volume and leukocytes were significantlyelevated in patients with acute appendicitis. MPV and leukocytosis in controls and cases werenoted as 7.93±2.1 vs. 9.10±2.9fl (p=0.0001) and 6980±120 vs. 13980±340 μL-1 respectively.MPV was positively correlated with leukocytosis (r=0.419) (p=0.0001), while Platelets showeda negative correlation. Conclusion: Elevated MPV and leukocytosis are observed in acuteappendicitis. MPV may be exploited for clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis but in a properclinical context along with leukocytosis.

scholarly journals Effects of Pre-Procedure Activated Dimethacone on Mucosal Visibility during Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy:A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
AK Koushik ◽  
V Saketh ◽  
P Ganesh ◽  
S Shanmughanathan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Visibility Score ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Student’S T Test

Introduction: Dimethicone enhances diagnostic accuracy in Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Various regimens have been tried to ease the procedure for better mucosal visibility. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of activated dimethicone in improving endoscopic visibility. Materials and Methods: The present prospective study was carried out from February 2017 to February 2018 in a tertiary teaching hospital, Chennai, India. A total of 2917 patients aged 18-70 years were enrolled for this study. The participants were divided into group S (1540 patients) and group C (1377 patients). Group S received activated dimethicone 30 minutes before the procedure and group C underwent procedure without any pre-procedure preparation. The mucosal visibility score was evaluated in both the groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS statistics (version 23.0). Unpaired student’s t-test and Pearson Chi-Square test are used for statistical analysis of the data and in both, p<0.05 was considered as significant level. Results: The mucosal visibility score in oesophagus, stomach, antrum and duodenum was significantly better in group S patients compared to group C patients. Duration of endoscopy was significantly (p-value 0.0005) shorter (7.95 min) in the group S compared with the group C (8.17 min). The amount of flush used was on an average 3 mL less for group S than group C, which was also significant (p-value 0.0005). Conclusion: Activated dimethicone pre-preparation to EGD significantly increased the mucosal visibility during procedure and decreased the endoscopy duration.

scholarly journals Effect of ondansetron on spinal induced hypotension in caesarean deliveries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Pujan Balla ◽  
Anil Shrestha ◽  
Ninadini Shrestha ◽  
Navindra Bista ◽  
Moda Nath Marhatta
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Induced Hypotension ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background: Spinal anesthesia is the preferred technique of anesthesia employed for caesarean sections. However, it is very often complicated by hypotension. Different drugs and techniques have been used to prevent the hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia. In this study, the effect of ondansetron on the prevention of hypotension after spinal anesthesia was evaluated. Objectives: To determine the effect of prophylactic ondansetron on prevention of spinal induced hypotension in elective caesarean section. Methodology: Eighty-six parturients planned for elective caesarean deliveries were randomized into two groups of 43 each. Group O received Ondansetron 4 mg (4 ml) and Group S received Normal Saline (4 ml) intravenously 10 minutes prior to spinal anesthesia. Blood pressure, heart rate, phenylephrine requirements, occurrence of nausea and vomiting and APGAR scores of neonates were compared between the groups. Hemodynamic data was analyzed using Student’s t-test for intergroup comparison and ANOVA was used for intragroup comparison. Categorical data was analyzed using Pearson Chi-Square test. For all determinants, p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Occurrence of hypotension in Group O (20.9 %) was significantly lower than in Group S (72.1%) (p < 0.05). The mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in Group O at 2, 6, 8, 12 and 14 minutes (p < 0.05). The use of phenylephrine (37.21 mcg vs. 146.51 mcg, p < 0.05) and occurrence of nausea (11.6%, vs. 41.9% p < 0.002) was significantly lower in ondansetron group. Conclusion: Ondansetron is effective in preventing spinal induced hypotension in elective caesarean sections.

scholarly journals Suturing in single tooth Alveoloplasty wounds: A case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1187-1191
Author(s):  
Kausalyah Krisna Malay ◽  
Balakrishna R. N ◽  
Jayanth Kumar V
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study

Alveoloplasty has been defined as the surgical removal of a portion of the alveolar process. It has stated that some form of alveoloplasty is indicated in nearly every instance of multiple extractions and frequently even in single extraction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of suture techniques in single tooth alveoloplasty wounds. The purpose of this study was to analyse the sutures used for single tooth alveoloplasty. A study was carried out by collecting data by reviewing patients data and analysing the data of 86000 patients between June 2019 and March 2020 at the private dental institute. A total number of 26 case sheets were reviewed from intra oral photographs and additional supports. Photographs were assessed to determine the technique of suturing for patients undergoing single tooth alveoloplasty. The study was evaluated and approved by the ethical committee of the private dental institute Data was statistically analysed using SPSS 2.0, Chi Square Test was conducted. The results were recorded. The results showed majority of the dental students provided simple interrupted sutures post single tooth alveoloplasty wounds. Statistically, the difference was not significantly associated between tooth number and type of suture in single tooth alveoloplasty wounds as the p value was 0.404, (Chi Square test, p&gt;0.05). Within the limitation of present study, the majority of the dental students provided simple interrupted sutures post single tooth alveoloplasty wounds especially in relation to tooth number 37.

scholarly journals Fishery regulamentation or ethnoknowledge? The dilemma of the management of the mapará fisheries on the lower Tocantins river in northern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e131101118963
Author(s):  
Esther Mirian Cardoso ◽  
Paulo Allison Costa da Mata ◽  
Matheus dos Santos Souza ◽  
Maria Clara Pinheiro de Souza ◽  
Victoria Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Great Economic Importance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tocantins River ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The fishery of mapará (Hypophthalmus marginatus) is of great economic importance in the Amazon region. Despite this, it is observed that the current norms of management disagree with the ethnoknowledge of fishermen of the Tocantins river. Therefore, there are many seizures and fines in the Tocantins Low region. This work appeared as a demand of the fishermen of the region and had as purpose to test the pertinence of the fishing legislation on the capture of the species and to provide subsidies for the adaptation of the norms to the local reality. For this, a mapará fishery was taken on the Pindobal Grande river, in the municipality of Igarapé-Miri, in the state of Pará. A sample of the captured individuals was collected, and identification, sexing and biometry were done. Fishing was described, and the sex ratio tested with the Chi-Square test and the mean length differences between the sexes with the Student's t-test. The results were compared with current legislation and literature data. The captured mapará individuals were mostly above 30 cm, as determined by legislation. It is concluded that, despite using a network that is prohibited, the capture of the species in the region acts selectively, due to the ethno-cognition and the fisherman's action ("taleiro"). Therefore, it is necessary that the legislation be revised, seeking the reconciliation between the conservation of ecosystems, the traditional knowledge and the socioeconomic development of the region.

scholarly journals Sports potential modeling of young basketball players: a preliminary analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilson Borges Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Jeferson Macedo Vianna ◽  
André de Assis Lauria ◽  
Emerson Filipino Coelho ◽  
Francisco Zacaron Werneck
Keyword(s):  
Adult Height ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Adult Stature

Abstract The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate the sports potential of young basketball players; 2) to identify variables that discriminate sports potential assessed by coaches; 3) to verifythe relationship between classification of the multidimensional profile of athletes and classification of the sports potential by coaches. Sixty-two young basketball players aged 15.6±1.1 years from U-15 (n = 24) and U-17 (n = 38) categories participated in the study. A test battery was applied to evaluate sports potential indicators: 1) anthropometric; 2) physicomotor; 3) psychological;4) skills;5) socio-environmental;6) maturational and 7) sports potential.Clusteranalysis was performed in three groups: high, medium and low potential. Student’s t-test was used for the comparison between athletes evaluated by the coach as excellent and the others and the Chi-Square test to verify the relationship between sports potential classifications. It was observed that in the high-potential group, athletes were chronologically older, with higher % predicted adult height (PMS), competitive and determined sports orientation, higher body size, lower skinfold summation, and greater physicomotor performance. In comparison with other athletes, high-potential basketball players presented higher stature, wider wingspan,longer limb length, greater predicted adult stature and higher Z score of the % PMS. It could be concluded that the multidimensional approach was useful for the evaluation of the sports potential of young basketball players, requiring the use of multidimensional variables, in addition to coaches’ opinion regarding the potential of their athletes.

scholarly journals NASOPHARYNGEAL SPECIMEN COLLECTION FROM SUSPECTED COVID-19 CASES, MAKING THE PROCEDURE SAFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽  
pp. S432-36
Author(s):  
Sohail Aslam ◽  
Syed Muhammad Asad Shabbir Bukhari ◽  
Adnan Asghar ◽  
Naeem Riaz ◽  
Iftekhar Yousaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To comparison was made between standard (control group) nasopharyngeal sample collection technique for RTPCR and modified technique and the outcome was compared in terms of the proportion of positive results of Rt-PCR tests. Study Design: Double blinded randomized clinical trial. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital Karachi Pakistan, from June and July 2020. Methodology: This study was a newly developed modified technique for nasopharyngeal sampling for RT-PCR tests of COVID-19 suspects. Target population included all patients who developed COVID-19 related symptoms and/or also had history of recent travel or closed contact with Covid-19 patients. Total 1500 nasopharyngeal PCR tests were done by a team of trained technicians. Systemetic probability sampling technique was utilized. Subjects were divided into two groups by using even and odd serial numbers. Proportion of positive test results were compared between two groups by using chi square test. Results: Results were collected for 3000 nasopharyngeal swab sample for RT-PCR testing. Mean age was 31.68 ± 11.89 years. In study group with modified technique, 470 tests were found positive for a total of 1500 samples while only 297 out of 1500 samples were detected positive in control group with standard technique. Chi square test applied to assess the difference between this proportion and it proved that the difference was highly statistically significant (p-value <0.00). Conclusion: we interpret that modified samples collection technique is relatively safe for sample collector of Covid-19 PCR which has got potential benefits to get more genuine results of these......

scholarly journals Effect of Use of Ambulance as Emergency Medical Service in Patients of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Majid Bashir ◽  
Kubra Maryam ◽  
Nazeer Ahmed ◽  
Tariq Mehmood ◽  
Adnan Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective: To study the frequency of ambulance utilization by the St-elevation Myocardial Infarction patients toreach hospital, perception of ambulance users about the facilities available in the ambulance, and evaluate theclinical outcomes of STEMI between ambulance users and non-users.Study Design: Cross-section survey-based study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology at Chaudry Pervaizth th Elahi Institute of Cardiology (CPEIC) Multan from 14 April 2020 to 14 September 2020.Materials and Methods: Patients with the diagnosis of STEMI were included in the study and were classifiedinto two groups' ambulance and non-ambulance users, to reach the facility. Patients' demographics, initialpresenting symptoms, availability of ambulance, and time to reach the hospital were recorded. Moreover, theywere followed for complication during their stay and base line laboratory indicators. Ambulance users werealso evaluated for their perception about availability of medical services in the ambulance. The data collectedfrom both of the groups were compared through student's t-test and chi-square test. Statistical value less than0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Out of 300 patients, 32.6% were ambulance users while 67.4% were non-ambulance user. Nosignificant difference was found in age, gender, underlying comorbidity, and initial presenting symptomsbetween two groups. Majority of ambulance users (74%) arrived in less than 45minutes. Differentcomplications were recorded but no significant difference was found between two groups. Majority ofambulance users 31.5% were neutral about the level of satisfaction for ambulance facilities.Conclusion: Frequency of ambulance utilization by STEMI patients is not only low in Pakistan, but ambulancesystem is also not successful in producing significant change in clinical outcomes. Therefore an awarenesscampaign along with ambulance improvement campaigns should be launched to bring a meaningful change.

scholarly journals Predictors of Death in Severe COVID-19 Patients at Millennium COVID-19 Care Center in Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endalkachew H. Maru ◽  
Tigist W. Leulseged ◽  
Ishmael S. Hassen ◽  
Wuletaw C. Zewde ◽  
Nigat W. Chamesew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs the number of new cases and death due to COVID-19 is increasing, understanding the characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients and identifying characteristics that lead to death is a key to make an informed decision. In Ethiopia, as of September 27, 2020, a total of 72,700 cases and 1165 deaths were reported.ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the determinants of death in Severe COVID-19 patients admitted to Millennium COVID-19 Care Center in Ethiopia.MethodsA case-control study of 147 Severe COVID-19 patients (49 deaths and 98 discharged alive cases) was conducted from August to September 2020. A comparison of underlying characteristics between cases (death) and controls (alive) was assessed using a chi-square test and an independent t-test with a p-value of <0.05 considered as having a statistically significant difference. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to assess a statistically significant association between the predictor variables and outcome of Severe COVID-19 (Alive Vs Death) where Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR), 95% CIs for AOR, and P-values were used for testing significance and interpretation of results.ResultsHaving diabetes mellitus (AOR= 3.257, 95% CI= 1.348, 7.867, p-value=0.00), fever (AOR=0.328, 95% CI: 0.123, 0.878, p-value= 0.027) and Shortness of breath (AOR= 4.034, 95% CI= 1.481, 10.988, p-value=0.006) were found to be significant predictors of death in Severe COVID-19 patients.ConclusionsThe outcome of death in Severe COVID-19 patients is found to be associated with exposures to being diabetic and having SOB at admission. On the other hand, having a fever at admission was associated with a favorable outcome of being discharged alive.

The significance of pigment epithelial detachment in central serous chorioretinopathy

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212090467
Author(s):  
Argyrios Chronopoulos ◽  
Vinodh Kakkassery ◽  
Marc Andre Strobel ◽  
Luise Fornoff ◽  
Lars-Olof Hattenbach
Keyword(s):  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Detachment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Clear Statement ◽  
Student’S T Test

Purpose: To investigate the significance of the presence and form of pigment epithelial detachment in the course of central serous chorioretinopathy as well as corticosteroid use as a risk in our patient cohort. Material and methods: Retrospective, single center study of central serous chorioretinopathy patients between January 2013 and January 2019 recording corticosteroid use prior to onset and presence and type of pigment epithelial detachment (flat-irregular, dome-shaped, none) in relationship to disease course. Results: We analyzed 53 eyes of 53 consecutive central serous chorioretinopathy patients treated in our department. Mean patient age was 53 ± 13 years. A flat-irregular pigment epithelial detachment was associated with either chronic or recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy, whereas the absence of a pigment epithelial detachment correlated positively with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (chi-square test, p < 0.05). Of the 53 patients, 10 reported corticosteroid use, 40 denied steroid use, and 3 patients failed to make a clear statement. Corticosteroid use was not correlated with the onset of central serous chorioretinopathy (Student’s t-test, p = 0.0001, chi-square test, p < 0.005). Conclusion: A small, flat-irregular pigment epithelial detachment could be a marker for chronic or recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy, whereas the absence of pigment epithelial detachment could favor acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Advanced imaging studies may provide more information on the exact characteristics and nature of pigment epithelial detachments. Corticosteroid use as possible disease trigger was not confirmed in this study.

Changing Pattern of Intra-Alveolar Extraction in the Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel A. Adelusi
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Though changing patterns of tooth extraction have been reported in the literature which included the age, gender, tooth type and indications for extraction, there is still paucity of studies that have examined the variation and changes in the pattern of tooth extraction over a period of time in a given nation. We therefore accessed the pattern and indications of tooth loss in the patients who presented at oral surgery clinic for intra-alveolar tooth extraction over a twelve month period. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of adult patients tooth extraction between September 2015 and August 2016. Patients’ demographic and clinical data were collected with a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Variables were subjected to Pearson’s chi-square test and P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 240 adults age range between 18 to 75 years of age with mean age of 36.64 years were included in the analysis. Maxillary teeth (231) and mandibular teeth (326) were extracted in 203 and 263 patients respectively. Caries and its sequelae, 223(93%) were the predominant indication for tooth extractions. Lower second molar (25%), and upper third molar (20%) had the highest frequencies. More female (126, 52.5%) than male (114, 47.5%) had extraction done, the difference is however not statistically significant (X2 =1.67, P Value = 0.195) Conclusions: Dental caries and its sequelae are the most frequent cause of tooth extraction. Tooth extraction was more in Patients in the fourth decade as well as in the Female gender, even though the difference between male and female is not statistically significant. And there is increased in number of male who had extraction done compared to what obtained in the past decades. Left side of the mouth appeared to be more affected.

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