scholarly journals SEMEN PARAMETERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 589-596
Author(s):  
Haroon Latif Khan ◽  
Yousaf Latif Khan ◽  
Irfan Mehfooz ◽  
Muhammad Burhan ◽  
Saba Sardar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Count ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Health Organization

Semen is a pale whitish fluid secreted by male during ejaculation and containsspermatozoa which are male gametes essential of fertilizing the oocytes which are femalegametes. In a quest to evaluate male’s fertility potential semen is analyzed to look into some ofits characteristics and of the sperms contained within the semen analyzed. Method of collectioninfluences the results of Semen analysis as does the technique of analysis. Spermatozoa areexamined for number (count), shape (morphology) and movement (motility) in order to assesstheir quality. Non sperm cells, volume, Fructose level, pH, liquefaction are also checked asa part of routine analysis. Objectives: To describe the pattern of semen parameters in subfertilemales. To look into frequency and distribution of abnormal semen parameters in a groupof Pakistani males in Lahore. Methods: In this Retrospective, cross sectional, observationalstudy all males undergoing for evaluation and treatment for sub-fertility at a private AssistedReproductive Technology clinic in Lahore, Pakistan were included. Approval of the IRB wassought and data collection instrument was a specially designed Performa which was validatedby the biostatistician of LIFE research cell. Data was extracted from the files of LIFE (LahoreInstitute of Fertility and Endocrinology) and entered in SPSS version 15. Sampling techniquewas non-probability, consecutive. Semen analysis was done by methods defined by the WHO(World Health Organization). Results: Of total patient (n=679) 92.2% (626) males passed sampleat LIFE (Lahore institute of fertility and endocrinology) and (7.8%) 53 brought sample fromhome. Of the males who passed sample at LIFE (78.8%) 535 collected semen by masturbation,(11.9%) 81 by coitus; the source of sample of (9.3%) 63 males was not known. As 2-6 ml semenwas consider to be normal by WHO criteria, (80.6%) 547 males were in normal range (14.1%)96 found to be less than 2-6 ml and (5.3%) 36 found to be more than normal range. Accordingto WHO criteria 15 million/ml count is said to be normal, in our research (82.0%) 557 were foundto be normal, in (2.9%) 20 count was found to be less than 15 million/ml and in (5.9%) 40 countwas less than 1 million/ml. In (9.1%) 62 counts was found to be abnormally low. In this research(66.1%) 449 had normal sperm motility, (21.8%) 148 had less than 40% and abnormally lowsperm motility was found in (12.1%) 82 males. Conclusion: The results of the single semenanalysis are of limited utility and no decision should be taken on the bases of these results interm of diagnosis and treatment strategies.

scholarly journals SEMEN ANALYSIS; CORNER STONE IN EVALUATING INFERTILITY

2022 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2224-27
Author(s):  
Aysha Khan ◽  
Zunera Shahbaz ◽  
Shagufta Yousaf ◽  
Abeera Ahmed ◽  
Fatima Sana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Sperm ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: To study the patterns and distribution of various abnormal semen parameters in infertile males. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Karachi, from Nov 2019 to Oct 2020. Methodology: The study included 364 patients who presented with primary and secondary infertility. Consecutive convenient sampling was done. Semen analysis was performed using World Health Organization latest guidelines. Samples were categorized as normospermia, azoospermia, oligospermia, asthenozoospermia and necrospermia. Results: The study comprised of 364 samples of infertile males. Normal sperm count was observed in 317 (87%) males, azoospermia in 28 (7.6%) and oligospermia in 19 (5.2%) males. Low ejaculated volume and higher non-motile sperms were noted in oligospermia samples in comparison with normospermia samples. Asthenozoospermia was observed in 102 (28%) and oligoasthenospermia was noted in 15 (4.1%) samples. Conclusion: Good quality semen analysis is a corner stone to diagnose the cause of male infertility.Sperm concentration and motility are the important markers of normal male reproductive system and are related to each other.

scholarly journals The Utilization of Protective Face Masks among Polish Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: Do We Pass the Exam?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Radomir Reszke ◽  
Łukasz Matusiak ◽  
Piotr K. Krajewski ◽  
Marta Szepietowska ◽  
Rafał Białynicki-Birula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
The Face ◽  
Health Organization

Relevant personal protective measures during the COVID-19 pandemic include face masks, possibly decreasing the risk of infection among the general population and healthcare workers (HCW) if utilized properly. The aim of the study was to assess whether different Polish HCW utilize face masks according to the 2020 World Health Organization guidance (WHO) criteria. This cross-sectional study included 1156 respondents who participated in an internet survey evaluating mask-related behaviors. All the WHO criteria were complied with by 1.4% of participants, regardless of medical profession, specialty or place of employment. HCW mostly adhered to criterion 1 (C1; strict covering of the face and mouth with the mask; 90.8%), C4 (washing/disinfecting the hands after touching/taking off the mask; 49%) and C3 (taking off the mask properly without touching the anterior surface; 43.4%), whereas C2 (avoidance of touching the mask with hands) was complied with least commonly (6.8%). HCW with mask-induced itch (31.6%) complied to C2 less often (odds ratio 0.53; p = 0.01). The study reveals that Polish HCW rarely adhere to all the 2020 WHO guidance criteria on the use of masks, whereas the adherence to particular criteria is variable and may be associated with the presence of skin-related conditions and other factors. Better compliance with the recommendations in the future is necessary to increase personal safety of HCW and prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Comparison between WHO (World Health Organization) 2010 and WHO 1999 parameters for semen analysis – interpretation of 529 consecutive samples

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Catanzariti ◽  
Ubaldo Cantoro ◽  
Vito Lacetera ◽  
Giovanni Muzzonigro ◽  
Massimo Polito
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Volume Concentration ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Single Parameter ◽  
World Health ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: To quantify how many men with normal semen according to WHO (WHO - World Health Organization) 1999 criteria, should be considered with abnormal semen according to 2010 criteria and vice versa; to study which parameter of volume, concentration, motility and morphology is the most responsible of this change. Materials and methods: We studied, using WHO 1999 parameters, 529 consecutive semen samples from 427 men, collected in our Department from January 2008 to December 2009, then we re-evaluated those results using WHO 2010 parameters; we also studied each parameter to understand how changed the classification from normal (defined normal by all parameters) to abnormal (defined abnormal by at least one parameter) using the two WHO criteria. Results: 3 men (0.56%) were azoospermic. Among the remaining 526 samples, 199 (37.83%) were considered normal and 246 (46.76%) abnormal both according to WHO 1999 and WHO 2010 criteria; we found that none of the samples classified normal according to the previous criteria was classified abnormal according the more recent criteria, while 82 (15.58%) evaluated as abnormal according 1999 criteria changed to normal according 2010 criteria. The concordance between 1999 and 2010 evaluation was 84.44%. Conclusions: In this study we noted that the changes from WHO 1999 to WHO 2010 criteria did not modify the interpretation of semen quality, because comparing the two classifications we demonstrated that there is a substantial agreement, considering the three parameters (count, motility and morphology) all together, and also considering each single parameter. Anyhow, almost 16% of the patients considered infertile according to the old criteria, should be evaluated normal by the new classification and they should not need any treatment for infertility.

scholarly journals The serum inhibin B concentration and reference ranges in normozoospermia

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Laure Barbotin ◽  
Caroline Ballot ◽  
Julien Sigala ◽  
Nassima Ramdane ◽  
Alain Duhamel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Inhibin B ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Semen Parameter ◽  
Health Organization

ObjectiveAlthough an inhibin B assay may be useful in the assessment of testicular function in a number of genital conditions, reliable reference ranges are still lacking. The present study sought to establish the reference range for serum inhibin B by applying the updated Gen II assay.DesignThis prospective study included 818 men referred for semen analysis: 377 were normozoospermic (reference group) and 441 presented at least one abnormal semen parameter (case group).MethodsSemen parameters were interpreted according to the 2010 World Health Organization manual and David's modified classification for normal morphology. The inhibin B concentration was determined with the current ELISA.ResultsIn the reference group, the 2.5th percentile for inhibin B was 92 pg/ml and the 97.5th percentile for FSH was 7.8 IU/l. In the overall population, an inhibin B level <92 pg/ml was associated with increased odds ratio (OR; 95% CI) for oligozoospermia (16.93 (9.82–29.18), P<0.0001), asthenozoospermia (4.87 (2.88–8.10), P<0.0001), and teratozoospermia (2.20 (1.31–3.68), P=0.0026). The combination of a FSH >7.8 IU/l and an inhibin B <92 pg/ml was associated with greater OR for oligozoospermia (98.74 (23.99–406.35), P<0.0001) than for each hormone considered separately.ConclusionsA new reference range for serum inhibin B was established by the use of updated immunoassay. The correlations between hormone levels and semen parameters highlighted the importance of establishing these values with respect to the spermogram. When combined with FSH assay, the inhibin B range may be of value in the evaluation of spermatogenesis in a number of male genital conditions.

scholarly journals Semen analysis: update on clinical value, current needs and future perspectives

Reproduction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (6) ◽  
pp. R249-R258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Sánchez ◽  
Joachim Wistuba ◽  
Con Mallidis
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
New Era ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Health Organization

At present, evaluation of male reproductive function consists primarily of routine semen analysis, a collection of conventional microscopic assessments ideally performed following the guidelines set by the World Health Organization. While providing some insight into testicular function, these long-performed tests are limited in the information that they impart; more specifically, they are unable to predict true fertility potential. As a consequence, there is a need for the appraisal and consideration of newer semen parameters that may be more indicative of reproductive success. Although various novel assays have been introduced that broaden the scope of information available to both researcher and clinician, the utility of these tests remains limited due to the lack of standardisation of protocols and the absence of clinically established, dependable reference ranges. As such, it is not surprising that most of these parameters and their associated methods remain recommended for ‘research purposes only’. With the burgeoning ‘omics’ revolution, nanotechnology and the development of new analytical instruments, there is now an opportunity for the identification and measurement of previously unknown features that may prove to be more indicative of each sperm's true functional status and capability. Once optimised, simplified, clinically validated and made more readily accessible, these new approaches hold the promise of forming the fulcrum upon which andrological investigations can enter a new era.

scholarly journals Utility of world heart federation and modified World Health Organization echocardiographic diagnostic criteria of subclinical rheumatic heart disease in children of Manipur, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Rajendra Singh Thangjam ◽  
Rothangpui . ◽  
Anil Irom ◽  
Rameshchandra Th ◽  
Sivasubramanian Ramakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Health Organization

Background: A comparative prevalence studies using modified WHO and more stringent criteria of WHF2012 have not been conducted in this part of the country and so authors felt necessary to conduct such study in this North-eastern state of India.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 3600 children aged 5-15 years (11.07±2.86, 51.90% male) from randomly selected schools of Manipur were examined clinically and by 2D colour doppler echocardiography.Results: Only one case of Clinical RHD with a combination of MR and AS was found, (prevalence of 0.28/1000) [CI: 0.04-1.97). Echocardiography detected 3 cases of definite subclinical (prevalence rate of 0.83/1000 (CI: 0.27-2.58], 14 cases of borderline subclinical RHD (prevalence rate of 3.9)/1000 (CI: 2.30-6.56) befitting WHF 2012 criteria, and 61 cases of borderline subclinical RHD befitting modified WHO criteria (prevalence rate of 16.9/1000)[ CI1.3-2.1].On follow up to 5 years, among the 3 cases with definite subclinical RHD, 2 had worsened and 1 remained non- progressive, while among the 14 subclinical borderline cases, 2 normalized, 6 remained non-progressive and 6 children were lost to follow up.Conclusions: Prevalence of RHD using echocardiography is several folds higher compared to clinical examination alone. While the number is reduced by about half using WHF criteria. However, the important of WHO criteria cannot simply be neglected, as all the subclinical cases by WHF criteria remains non-progressive, while one case of subclinical defined by WHO worsen on follow up.

scholarly journals Effects of Varicocelectomy on Abnormal Semen Parameters in Patients with Clinically Palpable Varicocele

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Md. Selim Morshed ◽  
AKM Khurshidul Alam ◽  
AKM Anwarul Islam ◽  
Sojib Bin Zaman ◽  
Mohammad Saruar Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Semen Parameter ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Prevalence of varicocele is approximately 15.1% of the general population. Studies showed that surgical correction of clinically palpable varicocele could improve the semen parameters. However, there is scarce of study to demonstrate post-operative outcome of varicocelectomy among the patients with abnormal semen parameter. Therefore, this study tried to compare the microscopic changes in sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology before and after varicocelectomy. This quasi-experimental study was done in Urology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from November 2014 to April 2016. Forty five patients with clinically palpable varicocele were finally includedin the study. Semen parameters of these patients were assessed by following the World Health Organization′s 5th manual of semen parameter, 2010. Subinguinal varicocelectomy was performed in every case. Follow up was done three months and six months after surgery. Data were analysed with statistical software SPSS 20 and level of significance was assessed by paired t-test.Almost 60.0% of patients were from 25 to 35 years age group. Of them, 87.1% patients were presented with left-sided varicocele, and 80% were grade III. All the patients showed oligospermia on semen analysis, whereas the number of abnormal sperm motility and abnormal morphology was 39, and 09, respectively. After surgical correction of varicocele, mean improvement of sperm concentration, motility and morphology found in 35 patients (77.7%), 31 patients (79.4%) and six patients (66.6%) respectively. The improvement was statistically significant (p<0.05). This study showed that surgical treatment could lead to the betterment of semen parameters in patients with clinically palpable varicocele, which will guide in deciding the management of varicocele patients presented with abnormal semen parameter. However, to recommend varicocelectomy as a most useful procedure in treating infertility cases; further longitudinal studies are recommended to establish the impact of varicocelectomy on

scholarly journals The effect of ethnicity on semen analysis and hormones in the infertile patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Punjani ◽  
Madhur Nayan ◽  
Keith Jarvi ◽  
Kirk Lo ◽  
Susan Lau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Native Canadian ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
African Canadian

Introduction: We aimed to study the association of ethnicity on semen parameters and hormones in patients presenting with infertility. Methods: Data from men presenting for infertility assessment were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinical history was self-reported. Semen analysis included volume, count, motility, morphology, and vitality. The 2010 World Health Organization cutoffs were used. Baseline total testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were recorded. Ethnicity data was classified as Caucasian, African-Canadian, Asian, Indo-Canadian, Native-Canadian, Hispanic, and Middle Eastern. All patients with complete data were included and statistical analysis was performed. Results: A total of 9079 patients were reviewed, of which 3956 patients had complete data. Of these, 839 (21.2%) were azoospermic. After adjusting for age, African-Canadians (odds ratio [OR] 1.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28‒2.25) and Asians (1.34; 95% CI 1.11‒1.62) were more likely to be azoospermic compared to Caucasians. Similarly, African Canadians (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.33‒2.29) were more likely to be oligospermic and Asians (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.70‒0.97) less likely to be oligospermic. Low volume was found in African-Canadian (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.05‒1.91), Asians (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.01‒1.51), and Indo-Canadians (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.01‒2.13). Furthermore, Asians (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57‒0.93) and Hispanics (OR 0.58; 95% CI 034‒0.99) were less likely to have asthenospermia. Asians (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57‒0.94) and Indo-Canadians (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.35‒0.99) were less likely to have teratozospermia. No differences were seen for vitality. No differences were seen for FSH levels, however, Asians (p<0.01) and Indo-Canadians (p<0.01) were more likely to have lower testosterone. Conclusions: Our study illustrates that variations in semen analyses and hormones exist in men with infertility. This may provide insight into the workup and management for infertile men from different ethnicities.

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